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German submarine U-105 (1940)

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For other ships with the same name, see German submarine U-105.


U-110, a U-boat of the same type as U-105
History
Nazi Germany
NameU-105
Ordered24 May 1938[1]
BuilderAG Weser, Bremen[1][4]
Yard number968[1]
Laid down16 November 1939[1]
Launched15 June 1940[1]
Commissioned10 September 1940[1]
HomeportLorient, France[2]
FateSunk on 2 June 1943 near Dakar by French Potez-CAMS 141 flying boat Antarès. 53 dead (all hands lost)[1][3]
General characteristics
Displacementlist error: <br /> list (help)
1,061 t (1,044 long tons) surfaced
1,178 t (1,159 long tons) submerged[5]
Length76.5 m (251 ft 0 in) overall[5]
Beam6.8 m (22 ft 4 in) overall[5]
Draft4.7 m (15 ft 5 in)[5]
Speedlist error: <br /> list (help)
33.9 kilometres per hour (18.3 kn) surfaced
13.5 kilometres per hour (7.3 kn) submerged[5]
Rangelist error: <br /> list (help)
8,700 nm when surfaced
64 nm when underwater[5]
Service record
Part of:

2nd U-boat Flotilla (10 September 1940 – 31 December 1940)

2nd U-boat Flotilla

(1 January 1941 – 2 June 1943)[1][4]
Identification codes: M 22 946[4]
Commanders:

Kapitänleutnant Georg Schewe (10 September 1940 – 6 January 1942)

Heinrich Schuch

(7 January 1942 – 30 September 1942)

Oberleutnant zur See Hans-Adolf Schweichel

(1 October 1942 – 29 October 1942)

Kapitänleutnant Jürgen Nissen

(29 October 1942 – 2 June 1943) [1]
Operations: Nine patrols[2]
Victories: 23 ships sunk for a total of 125,470 gross register tons[6]

German submarine U-105 was a Type IXB U-boat of the Nazi German Kriegsmarine. She was ordered in May 1938 as part of Germany's naval rearmament program. Her keel was laid down in Bremen in November 1938. After roughly seven months of construction, she was launched in June 1940 and formally commissioned into the Kriegsmarine in September 1940.

During her three-year career, U-105 sank 23 vessels for a total loss of 125,470 GRT before being sunk by the Free French Forces off the coast of Dakar (Senegal) in June 1943.

Construction and design

Construction

Main article: German Type IXB submarine

U-105 was ordered by the German Kriegsmarine on 24 May 1938; her keel was laid down on 16 November 1938 by AG Weser in Bremen as Werk 968. She was launched on 15 June 1940 and commissioned on 10 September under the command of Kapitänleutnant Georg Schewe.[1]

Design

Like all Type IXB U-boats, U-105 had a total output of 3,281 kW (4,400 hp) when surfaced and 746 kW (1,000 hp) while underwater. As a result, she was capable of travelling at up to 33.9 km/h (18.3 knots) on the surface and 13.5 km/h (7.3 knots) when submerged. She had a range of 44,100 km (22,200 nautical miles) at 19 km/h (10 knots) while on the surface and 219 km (118 nautical miles) at 7.4 km/h (4 knots) when submerged. She was equipped with six torpedo tubes; four in the bow and two in the stern[5] and carried a total of 22[5] 533 mm (21 in) torpedoes. U-105's main deck gun was an Utof 10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun[7] with 110 rounds. She was also equipped with 2 cm FlaK 30 and 3.7 cm FlaK 43 anti-aircraft guns.[5]

Service history

Under the command of Kapitänleutnant Georg Schewe, U-105 left Kiel on 24 December 1940. She spent 39 days in the North Sea. During this patrol, she sank the British ship Bassano on 9 January 1941,[8] and the Lurigethan, part of Convoy SL-61, on 26 January 1941, totalling 8,407 GRT. Five days later, on 31 January, U-105 arrived at the German-occupied port of Lorient, France,[4][9] which would remain her home port for the rest of her career.[2]

1941

U-105 left Lorient on her second patrol on 22 February 1941 and underwent a 112-day voyage in the Atlantic Ocean. Along with U-124, she was directed by the Oberkommando der Marine (Supreme naval headquarters), to attack Convoy SL-67.[10] During this attack, U-105 sank the merchant ship Harmodius,[11] on 8 March.[12] Collectively, the two U-boats sank a total of 28,148 tons.[10] U105 then stalked Convoy SL-68, sinking the Medjerda[13] on 18 March,[14] the Mandalika on 19 March[13] and the Clan Ogilvy,[15] the Benwyvis[16] and the Jhelum,[17] all on the 21st. U-105 went on to score Nazi Germany's first kill off the coast of South America when she sank the Ena de Larrinaga[18] on 5 April 1941.[19][20] Later during the patrol she sank the Oakdene, part of Convoy OG-59. On 6 May,[19] the Benvrackie,[16] part of Convoy OB-312; on the 13th,[16] the Benvenue[16] part of Convoy OB-314 and on the 15th,[16] the Rodney Star on 16 May and the Scottish Monarch on 1 June[21][22] as part of Convoy OB-319. This was the second most successful U-boat patrol of the entire Second World War, with 12 ships sunk for a total of 71,450 GRT.[23] On 5 May 1941, the 105mm deck gun exploded, wounding six crew members. U-105 returned to Lorient on 13 June,[4][24] and remained there until 3 August, when she departed on her third war patrol.[25]

On 5 August she was assigned to wolfpack 'Hammer' and remained with it until it was disbanded on 12 August,[26] when she was reassigned to wolfpack 'Grönland', with which she remained until its disbanding on 27 August.[27] She was then assigned to wolfpack 'Margrave',[28] and sank the Panamanian merchant ship Montana,[29] part of Convoy SC-42, on 11 September.[30] She returned to Lorient nine days later.[4][25] U-105 left Lorient on her fourth patrol on 8 November 1941 and spent 36 days in the North Atlantic. On 14 November she was assigned to wolfpack 'Steuben' and remained with it until 2 December.[31] Having sunk no ships during the patrol, she returned to Lorient on 13 December 1941.[4][32] Georg Schewe left the boat shortly after this patrol, and was replaced as commander by Heinrich Schuch.[1]

1942

On 25 January 1942 U-105 left Lorient on her fifth patrol. On 31 January she sank the British warship HMS Culver, part of Convoy SL-98,[4][29] south-west of Ireland,[33] and, on 5 February 1942, she rescued seven men from a crashed German Dornier Do 24 350 miles off the coast of France. U-105 returned to Lorient on 8 February.[34] Seventeen days later, on 25 February, U-105 left Lorient. Between 25 and 27 March, she sank the British merchant ship Narragansett and the Norwegian merchant ship Svenør off the east coast of the United States. U-105 returned to Lorient on 15 April after spending 50 days in the North Atlantic,[4][35] and left on another patrol on 7 June. While crossing the Bay of Biscay, she was attacked by an Australian Short Sunderland aircraft from No. 10 Squadron RAAF. U-105 sought shelter in El Ferrol, Spain[36] and did not leave until 28 June, when she departed for Lorient, which she reached on the 30th.[4] The attack apparently caused serious damage, as she did not sail again until 23 November.[37] During this period, Oberleutnant zur See Hans-Adolf Schweichel was put in command of the boat, but did not undertake any patrols[38] and was replaced by Oberleutnant zur See Jürgen Nissen, under whose command U-105 left Lorient.[39]

While patrolling the North Atlantic she succeeded in sinking three British merchant ships; the Orfor[40] on 14 December 1942, the C.S. Flight on 12 January 1943, and the British Vigilance, part of Convoy TM-1, on 24 January, as well as the American freighter[41] Cape Decision on the 27th.[39] U-105 returned to Lorient on 14 February,[4][39] and remained there until 16 March. During this patrol, (on 1 April), the boat's commander, Jürgen Nissen, was promoted to Kapitänleutnant.[42] On 15 May 1943 U-105 sank the Greek merchant ship Maroussio Logothetis[43] 250 miles southwest of Freetown.[4][44] On 2 June 1943, while passing close to Dakar, U-105 was attacked and sunk by a Potez-CAMS 141 flying boat "Antarés" from Free French Squadron 141. All 53 crew members were killed.[1][45][46]

Summary of raiding history

Date Ship Nationality Tonnage Fate
9 January 1941 Bassano  Great Britain 4,843 Sunk
26 January 1941 Lurigethan  Great Britain 3,564 Sunk
8 March 1941 Harmodius  Great Britain 5,229 Sunk
18 March 1941 Medjerda  Great Britain 4,380 Sunk
19 March 1941 Mandalika  Netherlands 7,750 Sunk
21 March 1941 Benwyvis  Great Britain 5,920 Sunk
21 March 1941 Clan Ogilvy  Great Britain 5,802 Sunk
21 March 1941 Jhelum  Great Britain 4,038 Sunk
5 April 1941 Ena de Larringa  Great Britain 5,200 Sunk
6 May 1941 Oakdene  Great Britain 4,255 Sunk
13 May 1941 Benyrackie  Great Britain 6,434 Sunk
15 May 1941 Benvenue  Great Britain 5,920 Sunk
16 May 1941 Rodney Star  Great Britain 11,803 Sunk
1 June 1941 Scottish Monarch  Great Britain 4,719 Sunk
11 September 1941 Montana  Panama 1,549 Sunk
1 June 1941 HMS Culver  Great Britain 1,546 Sunk
25 March 1942 Narrangansett  Great Britain 10,389 Sunk
27 March 1942 Svenør  Norway 7,616 Sunk
14 December 1942 Orfor  Great Britain 6,578 Sunk
12 January 1943 C.S. Flight*  Great Britain 67 Sunk
24 January 1943 British Vigilance  Great Britain 8,093 Sunk
27 January 1943 Cape Decision  USA 5,106 Sunk
15 May 1943 Marusso Logothetis  Greece 4,669 Sunk

* Sailing vessel

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "The Type IXB boat U-105". German U-boats of WWII. Uboat.net. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  2. ^ a b c "War Patrols by U-105". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  3. ^ Kemp, Paul: U-Boats Destroyed, German Submarine Losses in the World Wars. 1997. p. 123. Arms and Armour. ISBN 1-85409-515-3
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "U-105 Type IXB". uboatwaffe.net. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i Williamson and Palmer. Kriegsmarine U-boats, 1939-45 (2). p. 19.
  6. ^ "Ships hit by U-105". Uboat.net. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  7. ^ Campbell, John Naval Weapons of World War Two ISBN 0-87021-459-4 pp.248&249
  8. ^ Jordan. The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939. p. 487.
  9. ^ "Patrol info for U-105 (First patrol)". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 4 July 2011.
  10. ^ a b Garzke and Dulin. Battleships: Axis and Neutral Battleships in World War II. p. 142.
  11. ^ Rohwer. Axis Submarine Successes of World War Two. p. 45.
  12. ^ Jordan. The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939. p. 498.
  13. ^ a b Rohwer. Axis Submarine Successes of World War Two. p. 46.
  14. ^ Jordan. The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939. p. 504.
  15. ^ Jordan. The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939. p. 493.
  16. ^ a b c d e Jordan. The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939. p. 488.
  17. ^ Rohwer. Axis Submarine Successes of World War Two. p. 47.
  18. ^ Rohwer. Axis Submarine Successes of World War Two. p. 48.
  19. ^ a b Carey. Galloping Ghosts of the Brazilian Coast. p. 6.
  20. ^ Jordan. The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939. p. 496.
  21. ^ Rohwer. Axis Submarine Successes of World War Two. p. 54.
  22. ^ Jordan. The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939. p. 510.
  23. ^ "Korvettenkapitän Georg Schewe". German U-boat commanders of WWII - The Men of the Kriegsmarine. Uboat.net. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
  24. ^ "Patrol info for U-105 (Second patrol)". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 4 July 2011.
  25. ^ a b "Patrol info for U-105 (Third patrol)". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 4 July 2011.
  26. ^ "Wolfpack Hammer". Wolfpacks - German U-boat Operations. U-boat.net. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  27. ^ "Wolfpack Grönland". Wolfpacks - German U-boat Operations. U-boat.net. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  28. ^ Williamson. Wolf Pack: The Story of the U-Boat in World War II. p. 210.
  29. ^ a b Rohwer. Axis Submarine Successes of World War Two. p. 65. Cite error: The named reference "rohwer6" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  30. ^ Jordan. The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939. p. 449.
  31. ^ "Wolfpack Steuben". Wolfpacks - German U-boat Operations. U-boat.net. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  32. ^ "Patrol info for U-105 (Fourth patrol)". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 4 July 2011.
  33. ^ Geoffrey B. Mason. "HMS CULVER (Y 87) - ex-US Coast Guard Cutter". Service histories of Royal Navy warships in World War 2. Naval-history.net. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  34. ^ "Patrol info for U-105 (Fifth patrol)". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
  35. ^ "Patrol info for U-105 (Sixth patrol)". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
  36. ^ Lake. Sunderland Squadrons of World War 2. p. 32.
  37. ^ "Patrol info for U-105 (Seventh patrol)". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
  38. ^ "Oberleutnant zur See Hans-Adolf Schweichel". German U-boat Commanders of WWII - The Men of the Kriegsmarine. Uboat.net. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
  39. ^ a b c "Patrol info for U-105 (Eighth patrol)". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 6 July 2011.
  40. ^ Rohwer. Axis Submarine Successes of World War Two. p. 141.
  41. ^ Dickson. World War Two Almanac. p. 158.
  42. ^ "Kapitänleutnant Jürgen Nissen". German U-boat Commanders of WWII - The Men of the Kriegsmarine. Uboat.net. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
  43. ^ Rohwer. Axis Submarine Successes of World War Two. p. 167.
  44. ^ "Maroussio Logothetis (Greek Steam merchant)". Ships hit by German U-boats during WWII. Uboat.net. Retrieved 6 July 2011.
  45. ^ "Patrol info for U-105 (Ninth patrol)". U-boat patrols. Uboat.net. Retrieved 6 July 2011.
  46. ^ Blair. Hitler's U-boat War. p. 207.

References

  • "Uboat.net".
  • "Ubootwaffe.net".
  • Blair, Clay (1998). Hitler's U-boat War: The hunted, 1942-1945. Random House.
  • Carey, Alan (2004). Galloping Ghosts of the Brazilian Coast: United States Naval Air Operations in the South Atlantic During World War II. iUniverse. ISBN 978-0-595-31527-7.
  • Dickson, Keith (2008). World War Two almanac. ISBN 978-0-8160-6297-3.
  • Garzke, William; Dulin, Robert (1985). Battleships: Axis and Neutral Battleships in World War II. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-101-3. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Jordan, Roger (2006). The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939: The Particulars And Wartime Fates of 6,000 Ships. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-959-2.
  • Lake, Jon (2000). Sunderland Squadrons of World War 2. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-024-2.
  • Geoffrey B. Mason. "HMS CULVER (Y 87) - ex-US Coast Guard Cutter". Service histories of Royal Navy warships in World War 2. Naval-history.net. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  • Rohwer, Jürgen (1999). Axis submarine successes of World War Two: German, Italian, and Japanese submarine successes, 1939-1945. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-85367-340-4.
  • Williamson, Gordon; Palmer, Ian (2002). Kriegsmarine U-boats, 1939-45 (2). Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-364-0. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Williamson, Gordon (2006). Wolf Pack: The Story of the U-Boat in World War II. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84603-141-9.
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