Gi Hyeong-do
Ki Hyongdo | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1960[1] Gyeonggi[1] |
| Died | March 7, 1989 Jongno District |
| Resting place | Ansung |
| Language | Korean |
| Nationality | South Korean |
| Citizenship | South Korean |
| Alma mater | Yonsei University |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 기형도 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 奇亨度 |
| Revised Romanization | Gi Hyeong-do |
| McCune–Reischauer | Ki Hyŏngdo |
Ki Hyongdo (The romanization preferred by the author according to LTI Korea[2]) was a modern Korean poet.[3] His posthumously-published collection of poems The Black Leaf in My Mouth (입 속의 검은 잎) has gone through more than 65 printings in the two decades since his death.[4]
Early life
Ki was born the youngest of 7 siblings on (Great) Yeonpyeong Island, Gyeonggi Prefecture, Korea. His father hailed from Hwanghae Province in present-day North Korea, which he fled amid the turmoil of the Korean War (1950–53). His father remained on the island working as a county-level functionary until 1964, when he moved with his family to the peninsular mainland, settling in Soha Village, Gyeonggi Prefecture (present-day Soha District, Gwangmyeong City). While growing up in a shanty town west of Incheon in an area known for its communities of displaced refugees and evacuees, Gi attended Siheung Elementary School where he proved a top student, his awards for outstanding performance filling up a ramyeon box.[5]
Ki's father built the family home and at first made a good living as a farmer. When a promising business deal fell through, however, family fortunes declined and then further worsened with the father's collapse from cerebral palsy in 1969. The family's plot of land had to be sold to pay for the father's medical expenses. Ki's prose poem "Genealogy in Jeopardy-1969" (위험한 가계 -1969) describes the sombre mood of his home life during this period.[5] His mother was obliged to work outside the home as a market-seller to feed her family, and the children also had to work.
Education
As a student at Sillim Middle School (1973–76), Ki began writing poetry after one of his sisters was murdered in an act of violence perpetrated by a congregation (church) member. Besides writing, he was active as a baritone in a school choral group called "Mokdong" and regularly won prizes at school literary composition contests.
After graduating from Jungang High School in 1979, Ki entered Yonsei University as a student in Political Law. He joined the campus literary group "Yonsei Literature Club" (연세문학회) and received commendation from the campus newspaper for a short novel detailing his unhappy family life. He chose Political Diplomacy as his major in 1980. He entered obligatory military service in 1981 and was stationed near Anyang City, where he participated in the local literary circle "Suri." The group inspired Ki to further engross himself in writing poetry. After his discharge he continued to read and to write. He rematriculated to Yonsei University in 1983 and in the same year won the campus Yun Dong-ju Prize for his poem "Tree-Planting Ceremony" (식목제).
Fame
In 1984, Ki was employed as a reporter at the JoongAng Ilbo, a daily newspaper, while continuing his studies and honing his creative writing skills. He formally debuted in the world of letters by winning the Donga Ilbo New Year's Literary Contest with his celebrated poem "Fog" (안개), a stinging critique of Korea's industrializing society. He graduated from Yonsei in 1985 and joined the JoongAng Ilbo's prestigious Politics section as a full-time reporter. At this time he began publishing poems marked by powerful individuality and an intensely pessimistic world view combining exquisite sensibility with themes of helplessness, longing, disappointment and anger. The content of Ki's poems often refers to unknown sexual partners or desires which are always referred to in gender neutral terms which can be interpreted as a way to keep from fully disclosing his sexuality.[6] In 1986, he requested to be transferred from the Politics section to the Culture section where he covered cultural events, publications and TV dramas. In the summer of 1988, he traveled alone to London and Paris. He transferred again to the Editing section the same year.[7]
Death
Ki's corpse was found in the early hours of March 7, 1989 at the Pagoda Theater, a purported gay sex venue in Jongro 3-ga central Seoul. He died of a stroke (some have alleged a heart attack) at the age of 29. The circumstances of Ki’s death and his alleged homosexuality have since been covered up and/or ignored by mainstream scholars in order to protect his image from association with sexual minorities. However, this trend has been changing in recent years with the opening up of South Korea to same-sex discourses amidst the new liberalizing, multicultural turn.[8]
Collections
- Black Leaf in My Mouth (Ib sog-ui geomeun ip 1989)
- Records of a Short Journey (1990)
- Losing Love, I Write (Sarang-eul ilko na-neun sseune 1994)
- Complete Works of Gi Hyeong-do (1999)
Awards
- Yun Dong-ju Literature Award (1982)
See also
References
- ^ a b "Four Poems Translated by Gabriel Sylvian". Cordite Poetry Review. June 29, 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2015-01-13.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "형도" biographical PDF available at: "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2013-09-03.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Warning at the Station (Jeonggeojang eseo eui chunggo) Munhak gwa jiseong sa (Moonji Publishers), Seoul, 2009.
- ^ a b Complete Works of Gi Hyeongdo (Gi Hyeongdo jeonjip) Munhak gwa jiseong sa (Moonji Publishers), Seoul, 1999.
- ^ http://koreabridge.net/post/reading-list-gaypoetkorea-interview-gabriel-sylvian-poetry-gi-hyeong-do-kimchi-queen
- ^ Warning at the Station (Jeonggeojang eseo eui chunggo) Munhak gwa jiseong sa (Moonji Publishers), Seoul, 2009.
- ^ Gi Hyeong-do: A Misunderstood Modern Gay Korean Poet. Three Wise Monkeys: http://thethreewisemonkeys.com/2010/05/17/gi-hyeong-do-a-misunderstood-modern-gay-korean-poet/
