Grand Duchy of Kraków
- For the Grand Duke, overlord of the Polanes, during the fragmentation of Poland (1138–1320), see Duke of Cracow.
| Grand Duchy of Cracow Großherzogtum Krakau Wielkie Księstwo Krakowskie | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grand Duchy of Austria/Austria-Hungary | |||||||||
| 1846–1918 | |||||||||
| Capital | Kraków (Krakau, Cracow) | ||||||||
| Government | |||||||||
| Grand Duke of Cracow¹ | |||||||||
• 1846–48 | Ferdinand I | ||||||||
• 1848–1916 | Franz Joseph I | ||||||||
• 1916–18 | Karl I | ||||||||
| Historical era | Modern Age | ||||||||
| May 3, 1815 | |||||||||
• Annexed | 16 November 1846 | ||||||||
• Ausgleich | 1867 | ||||||||
| 31 October 1918 | |||||||||
| September 10, 1919 | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| ¹ Also the Emperor of Austria. | |||||||||
The Grand Duchy of Cracow[1][2] (German: Großherzogtum Krakau, Template:Lang-pl) was created after the incorporation of the Free City of Cracow into Austria on November 16, 1846. The title of Grand Duke of Cracow was just a part of the official titulary of the Emperor of Austria in 1846–1918.
The Free City, a remnant of the Duchy of Warsaw, had been made a protectorate, however functionally independent, as a result of the Congress of Vienna (1815). It was under Prussian, Austrian, and Russian trilateral influence until, in the aftermath of the unsuccessful Cracow Uprising, it was annexed by the Austrian Empire in 1846.
At the same time the official name of the Austrian administrative entity containing approximately Galicia, and some Polish areas west of it, was changed to the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, and the Grand Duchy of Cracow with the Duchies of Auschwitz and Zator.
These entities (Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Cracow, Duchy of Oświęcim, and Duchy of Zator) were formally separate; they were listed each in the Austrian emperor's titles, each had its distinct coat of arms and flag. For administrative purposes, however, they formed a single province.
The Duchy had its own local government, Governorate Commission (Template:Lang-pl).
Notes
- ^ Frederic Austin Ogg: The Governments of Europe, Volume 2, 2009 p. 89
- ^ "Grand Duchy of Cracow" used in many English language books
References
- Alfred Regele: Die Einverleibung des Freistaates Krakau 1846. Ungedr. Diss., Wien 1951
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- States and territories established in 1846
- States and territories disestablished in 1918
- History of Poland (1795–1918)
- History of Kraków
- 19th century in the Habsburg Monarchy
- Habsburg Monarchy by location
- Lesser Poland
- Former grand duchies
- Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
- 1846 establishments in the Austrian Empire
- 1918 disestablishments in Austria-Hungary