Hemignathini
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2008) |
| Hemignathini | |
|---|---|
| |
| Akialoa obscura | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Fringillidae |
| Subfamily: | Carduelinae |
| Tribe: | Hemignathini |
| Genera | |
|
See text | |
Hemignathini is a tribe of Hawaiian honeycreeper birds. The tribe contains the creepers, the extinct akialoas, amakihi, and extinct nukupu'us. This group is made up of long-billed insectivores, but several of them may take nectar from flowers. The akialoa and the nukupu'u that existed on many of the islands had disappeared between the 19th century and the late 20th century.
Genera and species
- Genus Chlorodrepanis - slightly downcurved bills, insectivores or nectarivores
- Hawaiʻi ʻamakihi (Chlorodrepanis virens)
- Oʻahu ʻamakihi (Chlorodrepanis flava)
- Kauaʻi ʻamakihi (Chlorodrepanis stejnegeri)
- Genus Viridonia
- Greater ʻamakihi (Viridonia sagittirostris) - extinct (1901)
- Genus Magumma
- ʻAnianiau (Magumma parva)
- Genus Hemignathus - pointed or long and downcurved bills, insectivores or nectarivores
- Nukupuʻu
- Giant nukupu'u (Hemignathus vorpalis) - prehistoric[1]
- Maui nukupuʻu (Hemignathus affinis) extinct (1995–1998)
- Oahu nukupu'u (Hemignathus lucidus) extinct (1837)
- Kauai nukupu'u (Hemignathus hanapepe) extinct (1998)
- Nukupuʻu
- (Sub)Genus Heterorhynchus
- ʻAkiapolaʻau (Hemignathus munroi or Heterorhynchus wilsoni)
- Genus Akialoa - pointed or long and downcurved bills, insectivores or nectarivores
- Lesser ʻakialoa (Akialoa obscura) - extinct (1940)
- Greater akialoa:
- Oʻahu ʻakialoa (Akialoa ellisiana) - extinct (1940)
- Maui Nui ʻakialoa (Akialoa lanaiensis) - extinct (1892)
- Kauaʻi ʻakialoa (Akialoa stejnegeri) - extinct (1969)
- Hoopoe-billed ‘akialoa (Akialoa upupirostris) - prehistoric
- Genus Oreomystis - short pointed bills, browsers
- ʻAkikiki (Oreomystis bairdi)
- Genus Paroreomyza - similar to Oreomystis
- Maui Nui ʻalauahio (Paroreomyza montana)
- Lanaʻi ʻalauahio (Paroreomyza montana montana) - extinct (1937)
- Kakawahie (Paroreomyza flammea) - extinct (1963)
- Oʻahu ʻalauahio (Paroreomyza maculata) - possibly extinct (early 1990s?)
- Maui Nui ʻalauahio (Paroreomyza montana)
- Genus Vangulifer - flat rounded bills, possibly caught flying insects
- Strange-billed finch (Vangulifer mirandus) - prehistoric
- Thin-billed finch (Vangulifer neophasis) - prehistoric
- Genus Aidemedia - straight thin bills, insectivores
- Oʻahu icterid-like gaper (Aidemedia chascax) - prehistoric
- Sickle-billed gaper (Aidemedia zanclops) - prehistoric
- Maui Nui icterid-like gaper (Aidemedia lutetiae) - prehistoric
- Genus Loxops - small pointed bills with the tips offset a little horizontally, insectivores
- Hawaiʻi creeper (Loxops mana)
- ‘Akeke‘e (Loxops caeruleirostris)
- ʻAkepa:
- Hawaiʻi ʻakepa (Loxops coccineus)
- Maui ʻakepa (Loxops ochraceus) - extinct (1988)
- Oʻahu ʻakepa (Loxops wolstenholmei) - extinct (1990s)
See also
- Hawaiian honeycreeper, which includes all the species of Hawaiian honeycreepers and the three tribes
References
- ^ James, Helen F; Storrs L. Olson (2003). "A giant new species of nukupuu (Fringillidae: Drepanidini: Hemignathus) from the island of Hawaii". The Auk. 120 (4): 970–981. doi:10.1642/0004-8038(2003)120[0970:AGNSON]2.0.CO;2.