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| Hurricane season=[[2013 Pacific hurricane season]]
| Hurricane season=[[2013 Pacific hurricane season]]
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'''Hurricane Barbara''' was a [[Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale#Category 1|category 1 hurricane]] that killed four people after striking [[Southwestern Mexico]] in May 2013. As the first hurricane of the [[2013 Pacific hurricane season]], Barbara developed from a [[low-pressure area]] while located southeast of Mexico on May 28.{{#tag:ref|All dates are based on [[Coordinated Universal Time]] (UTC).|group="nb"}} It headed slowly north-northeastward and strengthened into a tropical storm early on the following day. After recurving to the northeast, Barbara intensified into a hurricane on May 29 and made landfall in [[Chiapas]] at peak intensity with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h) and a [[barometric pressure]] estimated at 990 [[Bar (unit)|mbar]] ([[Pascal (unit)|hPa]]; 29.23 [[Inches of Mercury|inHg]]). When the hurricane made landfall, it marked both the easternmost and second earliest landfalling hurricane in the [[Pacific hurricane|basin]] since reliable records began in [[1966 Pacific hurricane season|1966]]. Barbara then moved across the [[Isthmus of Tehuantepec]] and dissipated within the mountainous terrain of [[Sierra Madre de Chiapas]] on May 30. Prior to Barbara's arrival in Mexico, [[Tropical cyclone warnings and watches|hurricane watches and warnings]] were issued for coastal areas. Many shelters opened in [[Chiapas]], [[Oaxaca]] and [[Guatemala]] while schools and ports were temporarily closed during the storm. Torrential rains and power outages were reported in the area. Overall, Barbara claimed the lives of four and left 57,000 people homeless with 10,000 hectares of crops destroyed.
'''Hurricane Barbara''' was a [[Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale#Category 1|catsdfvfgrgretegory 1 hurricane]] that killed four people after striking [[Southwestern ghfntfhnMexico]] in May 2013. As the first hurricane of the [[2013 Pacific hurricane season]], Barbara developed from a [[low-pressure area]] while located southeast of Mexico on May 28.{{#tag:ref|All dates are based on [[Coordinated Universal Time]] (UTC).|group="nb"}} It headed slowly north-northeastward and strengthened into a tropical storm early on the following day. After recurving to the northeast, Barbara intensified into a hurricane on May 29 and made landfall in [[Chiapas]] at peak intensity with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h) and a [[barometric pressure]] estimated at 990 [[Bar (unit)|mbar]] ([[Pascal (unit)|hPa]]; 29.23 [[Inches of Mercury|inHg]]). When the hurricane made landfall, it marked both the easternmost and second earliest landfalling hurricane in the [[Pacific hurricane|basin]] since reliable records began in [[1966 Pacific hurricane season|1966]]. Barbara then moved across the [[Isthmus of Tehuantepec]] and dissipated within the mountainous terrain of [[Sierra Madre de Chiapas]] on May 30. Prior to Barbara's arrival in Mexico, [[Tropical cyclone warnings and watches|hurricane watches and warnings]] were issued for coastal areas. Many shelters opened in [[Chiapas]], [[Oaxaca]] and [[Guatemala]] while schools and ports were temporarily closed during the storm. Torrential rains and power outages were reported in the area. Overall, Barbara claimed the lives of four and left 57,000 people homeless with 10,000 hectares of crops destroyedergetr.fuck


==Meteorological history==
==Meteorological history==

Revision as of 04:37, 15 June 2013

Hurricane Barbara
Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS/NWS)
Hurricane Barbara at peak intensity on May 29, 2013
FormedMay 28, 2013
DissipatedMay 30, 2013
Highest winds1-minute sustained: 75 mph (120 km/h)
Lowest pressure990 mbar (hPa); 29.23 inHg
(Estimated)
Fatalities4 fatalities, 4 missing
Areas affectedChiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Tabasco, Campeche, Guatemala and El Salvador
Part of the 2013 Pacific hurricane season

Hurricane Barbara was a catsdfvfgrgretegory 1 hurricane that killed four people after striking Southwestern ghfntfhnMexico in May 2013. As the first hurricane of the 2013 Pacific hurricane season, Barbara developed from a low-pressure area while located southeast of Mexico on May 28.[nb 1] It headed slowly north-northeastward and strengthened into a tropical storm early on the following day. After recurving to the northeast, Barbara intensified into a hurricane on May 29 and made landfall in Chiapas at peak intensity with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h) and a barometric pressure estimated at 990 mbar (hPa; 29.23 inHg). When the hurricane made landfall, it marked both the easternmost and second earliest landfalling hurricane in the basin since reliable records began in 1966. Barbara then moved across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and dissipated within the mountainous terrain of Sierra Madre de Chiapas on May 30. Prior to Barbara's arrival in Mexico, hurricane watches and warnings were issued for coastal areas. Many shelters opened in Chiapas, Oaxaca and Guatemala while schools and ports were temporarily closed during the storm. Torrential rains and power outages were reported in the area. Overall, Barbara claimed the lives of four and left 57,000 people homeless with 10,000 hectares of crops destroyedergetr.fuck

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression
The monsoon trough precursor to Barbara on May 27

The origins of Barbara can be ultimately tracked back to May 24, when an area of disturbed weather was first monitored by the National Hurricane Center (NHC) about 150 mi (240 km) southwest of the Costa Rican coastline.[1] At that time, this system was associated with a monsoon trough embedded within the Intertropical Convergence Zone.[2] Despite being disorganized, gradual development of this system was anticipated by the NHC.[1] The following day, separate areas of low pressure developed within the monsoon trough.[3] Convective activity soon became organized around the newly formed low and the NHC noted that the formation of a tropical cyclone within the following 48 hours was likely.[4][5] By early May 28, the cyclonic spin became better defined but there was a lack of convection around the low pressure center.[6] Later that day, the low acquired sufficiently organized structure to be recognized as a tropical cyclone and NHC initiated advisories on the newly formed tropical depression Two-E at 2100 UTC, May 28 while it was located around 165 mi (265 km) south-southwest of Salina Cruz, Mexico.[7]

As a tropical depression, it developed a well defined center of circulation covered with concentrated deep convection.[8] Continued organization prompted the NHC to upgrade the depression to Tropical Storm Barbara at 0000 UTC on May 29.[9] As Barbara was situated over high sea surface temperatures of above 86 °F (30 °C), intensification occurred. Barbara began exhibiting an eye-like feature, and intensity estimates using the Dvorak Technique reached 40 mph (65 km/h).[10] At this time, Barbara had began to recurve to the northeast, within a gap of the subtropical ridge.[10] By midnight, the eye-like feature developed into a central dense overcast (CDO), embedded within the deep convection.[11] The rainbands of Barbara wrapped a large area around the circulation, and radar imagery indicated the eyewall is consistently becoming better defined.[11] Thereafter, the storm entered a phase of intensification as it began to accelerate towards the Chiapan coastline.[12]

Barbara strengthened into a hurricane, reaching its peak intensity around 1800 UTC on May 29 while located about 65 mi (105 km) east-southeast of Salina Cruz, Mexico.[13] At its peak intensity, it had maximum sustained winds of 75 mph (120 km/h) and a barometric pressure estimated at 990 mbar (hPa; 29.23 inHg).[13] With this intensity, Barbara made landfall on the coast of Chiapas at around 1250 PDT (1950 UTC).[14] This marked both the easternmost and second earliest landfalling hurricane in the basin since reliable records began in 1966.[15] As Barbara moved inland within the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, rapid dissipation occurred.[16] The cloud tops have warmed and Barbara degenerated into a tropical storm at 0000 UTC on May 30.[16][17] This was followed by a downgrade to tropical depression nine hours later as Barbara's low-level circulation was disrupted by the mountainous terrain.[18] The surface circulation of Barbara soon dissipated near 25 mi (40 km) north-northwest Coatzacoalcos, Mexico, prior to emerging into the Gulf of Mexico.[19]

Preparations

Immediately after developing into a tropical cyclone on May 28, a tropical storm warning was issued by the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional along the coast of southern Mexico spanning from Lagunas de Chacahua to Boca de Pijijiapan.[7] When the storm threatened to become a hurricane, a hurricane warning was declared for this region at 1025 UTC on May 29.[20] In Campeche, a blue (minimal) alert was issued.[21] In Guatemala, a "preventive" alert was issued; Barbara was similar to Hurricane Mitch and Tropical Storm Agatha (both which devastated the nation) and thus had the potential to produce flash floods.[22] A yellow alert (moderate risk) was declared for central and southern Oaxaca and western Chiapas.[23] For the southeastern and eastern part of Oaxaca and southwestern and central-western Chiapas, a red (high risk) alert was issued.[24]

Many shelters were opened adjacent to rivers.[25] In Chiapas, 122 shelters opened, having a grand capacity of 300,000 people[26] though only 147 people used these shelters. In these shelters, officials set up 57 health centers.[27] In Oaxaca, shelters were set up in 20 towns or hamlets.[28] In all, coastal residents and marine interests were advised to take extreme caution in the states of Chiapas, Oaxaca, and Guerrero.[29] In addition, classes were suspended in Oaxaca.[24] Meanwhile, both large boats and small boats were anchored in Playa Manzanillo, to prevent the strong winds and rough seas. Furthermore, water sports were suspended in Acapulco.[30] Ports in Chiapas were also closed because of the storm.[31]

Impact and aftermath

Central America

The precursor disturbance to brought light to moderate rainfall to El Salvador. Many homes were damaged, roads were floods, and several trees were downed.[32] A 44-year old woman died when a tree fell on her. Strong winds and high waves damage four homes in Barrio Playa, in the municipality of Acajutla. As a result, shelters had to be accommodated for seven people.[33] This same disturbance brought some landslides to Guatemala; consequently, 30 people moved to shelters.[34]

Southern Mexico

Hurricane Barbara as it makes landfall in Chiapas

Starting early on May 29, the outer rainbands of Tropical Storm Barbara brought torrential rains to several states and power outages to Oaxaca, Chiapas, Guerrero, Veracruz.[35][23] In Ocosingo, 220.5 mm (10 in)* fell in a 24 hour period.[26] Upon making landfall, Barbara struck a largely undeveloped stretch of coastal lagoons, containing small fishing villages.[28] In Acapulco, however, torrential rains caused severe flooding by resorts while damaging some highways. In all, considerable damage was reported.[24]

Two people were killed in Oaxaca. A 61-year old American drowned offshore from rough seas. A 26-year old man died from drowning while trying to cross a river while a 60-year old man died in Salina Cruz.[36][37][31] Furthermore, 14 fishermen went missing off the coast of Tapanatepec[31][38] two of which were quickly found alive.[36] Within a few days following Barbara, eight of the remaining missing had been found alive.[39] The towns of Tonala and Arriaga were the worst affected by the hurricane, where dozens of trees, poles, billboards and roofs were damaged due to strong winds. Many restaurants were also destroyed because of high waves. Several homes were flooded. In both cities, three shelters were opened, which each hosting over 1,000 residents. Many homes were destroyed, leaving many homeless.[30] Throughout the rest of Chiapas, however, damage was minor.[40] State-wide, 50 people were evacuated and 2,000 homes were damaged.[41] Throughout the region, 57,000 people were homeless and 10,000 hectares of crops were destroyed. [42]

Following the storm, which affected 19,000 people, 16 medical centers were opened, containing a combined 127 doctors and 318 nurses provide medical care to devastated municipalities.[43] A state of emergency was declared for 36 municipalities in Chiapas[43] and for 5 municipalities in Oaxaca.[44]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ All dates are based on Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

References

  1. ^ a b Daniel Brown (May 24, 2013). Tropical Weather Outlook (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-05-28.
  2. ^ Jorge Aguirre-Echevarria (May 24, 2013). Tropical Weather Discussion (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-05-28.
  3. ^ Jorge Aguirre-Echevarria (May 25, 2013). Tropical Weather Discussion (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-05-28.
  4. ^ John Cangialosi (May 26, 2013). Tropical Weather Outlook (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-05-28.
  5. ^ John Cangialosi/Michael Brennan (May 27, 2013). Tropical Weather Outlook (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-05-28.
  6. ^ Jorge Aguirre-Echevarria (May 28, 2013). Tropical Weather Discussion (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-05-28.
  7. ^ a b Richard Pasch (May 28, 2013). Tropical Depression Two-E Public Advisory Number 1 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-05-28.
  8. ^ John Cangialosi; Richard Pasch (May 28, 2013). Tropical Depression Two-E Discussion Number 1 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-05-28.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Robbie Berg/Jack Beven (May 29, 2013). Tropical Storm Barbara Intermediate Advisory Number 1A (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
  10. ^ a b Robbie Berg/Jack Beven (May 29, 2013). Tropical Storm Barbara Discussion Number 2 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
  11. ^ a b Todd Kimberlain/Daniel Brown (May 29, 2013). Tropical Storm Barbara Discussion Number 3 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
  12. ^ Richard Pasch/Christopher Landsea (May 29, 2013). Tropical Storm Barbara Discussion Number 5 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
  13. ^ a b Richard Pasch/Christopher Landsea (May 29, 2013). Hurricane Barbara Intermediate Public Advisory Number 5A (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
  14. ^ Richard Pasch/Robbie Bery (May 29, 2013). Hurricane Barbara Tropical Cyclone Update (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
  15. ^ Richard Pasch (May 29, 2013). Hurricane Barbara Discussion Number 6 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
  16. ^ a b Robbie Berg/Jack Beven (May 30, 2013). Hurricane Barbara Discussion Number 7 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
  17. ^ Robbie Berg/Jack Beven (May 30, 2013). Tropical Storm Barbara Public Advisory Number 6A (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
  18. ^ Michael Brennan (May 30, 2013). Hurricane Barbara Discussion Number 8 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
  19. ^ Richard Pasch (May 30, 2013). Remnants of Barbara Public Advisory Number 10 (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
  20. ^ Tropical Storm Barbara Tropical Cyclone Update (Report). National Hurricane Center. May 29, 2013. Retrieved 2013-05-29. {{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ Template:Es icon "Emiten alerta azul en Campeche por tormenta Bárbara". El Universal. May 28, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  22. ^ Template:Es icon "Guatemala en alerta preventiva por tormenta tropical "Bárbara" en el Pacífico". El Mundo. May 29, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  23. ^ a b Template:Es icon "Activan alerta en cinco estados por Bárbara". El Universal. May 29, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013. Cite error: The named reference "EU5" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  24. ^ a b c Template:Es icon "Bárbara se acerca a costas mexicanas ya como huracán". El Universal. May 29, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  25. ^ Template:Es icon "Alertan por intensas lluvias en Oaxaca". El Universal. May 28, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  26. ^ a b Template:Es icon Oscar Gutierrez (May 28, 2013). "Chiapas, en alerta preventiva por posible ciclón". El Universal. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  27. ^ Template:Es icon "Chiapas se prepara para enfrentar a Bárbara". El Universal. May 29, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  28. ^ a b "Hurricane Barbara landfall in Mexico 2nd earliest". Yahoo News. Associated Press. May 29, 2013. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
  29. ^ Template:Es icon "Alertan por ciclón frente a costas de Oaxaca". El Universal. May 28, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  30. ^ a b Template:Es icon "Acapulco coloca bandera roja y cierran puertos por Bárbara". El Universal. May 29, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013. Cite error: The named reference "EU8" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  31. ^ a b c "Hurricane Barbara slams into Mexico's Pacific Coast; two dead". Los Angeles Times. May 29, 2013. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
  32. ^ Template:Es icon Liseth Alues (May 27, 2013). "Lluvias persisten en el país por sistema de baja presión". El Salvador.com. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  33. ^ Template:Es icon "Dejan lluvias en el Salvador un muerto y varias viviendas afectadas". Rotavio. May 27, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  34. ^ Template:Es icon "Se forma la tormenta Barbara en el Pacífico". Press Libre. May 28, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  35. ^ Template:Es icon Notimex (May 29, 2013). "Tropical Storm Barbara would increase to hurricane". The Financial. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  36. ^ a b "Hurricane Barbara death toll rises to three in Mexico". The Voice of Russia: American edition. May 29, 2013. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
  37. ^ Template:Es icon Alberto López Morales (May 29, 2013). "Oleaje de huracán Bárbara deja un muerto en Oaxaca". El Universal. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
  38. ^ Jose Cortes (May 29, 2013). "Hurricane Barbara floods Mexico's southern Pacific coast, kills two". Ruters. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
  39. ^ "Declaran emergencia al sur de México por daños de huracán Bárbara". El Universo. May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
  40. ^ Template:Es icon "Daños menores en Chiapas tras paso de 'Bárbara'". El Universal. May 30, 2013. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
  41. ^ Template:Es icon Lopez Morals (May 30, 2013). "Hallan a salvo a pescadores dados por perdidos en Oaxaca". El Universal. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
  42. ^ Template:Es icon "Bárbara dejó más de 57 mil damnificados". El Universal. June 5, 2013. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
  43. ^ a b Template:Es icon "Bárbara deja 19 mil damnificados: Velasco". El Universal. May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2013. Cite error: The named reference "EU11" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  44. ^ Template:Es icon "Declaran emergencia en cinco municipios de Oaxaca". El Universal. May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 1, 2013.
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