Huwaida Arraf
Huwaida Arraf | |
|---|---|
 Arraf in 2009 | |
| Born | 1976 Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Citizenship | American |
| Education | University of Michigan, Ann Arbor American University |
| Occupation(s) | lawyer, activist |
| Spouse | Adam Shapiro |
Huwaida Arraf (born 1976 in Detroit, Michigan) is a Palestinian American human rights activist, lawyer and co-founder of the International Solidarity Movement (ISM), a Palestinian-led organization focused on assisting the Palestinian side of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict using non-violent protests. Her law practice is based in Ramallah.[1]
Family and education
Arraf was born to two Palestinian parents - her mother from the West Bank town of Beit Sahour and her father from the Palestinian village of Mi'ilya, in the Galilee, which was taken over by Israel in 1948 and became part of the state. Under Israeli law, she has Israeli citizenship through her father, a Palestinian citizen of Israel. Her parents moved from the West Bank to Detroit, Michigan, Arraf's birthplace, to be able to raise her away from the violence in the West Bank and the institutionalized racism against Palestinians living in Israel. She and her parents were able to visit Israel every few years until Arraf was ten years old.[2]
Arraf majored in Arabic and Judaic studies and political science at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. She spent a year at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and studied Hebrew on a kibbutz.[3] Arraf later earned a J.D. at American University's Washington College of Law. Her focus was on International Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, with a particular interest in war crimes prosecution.
As a law student Arraf conducted research for the Public International Law and Policy Group, which provides pro bono legal assistance to governments involved in conflicts. Arraf also worked with the International Human Rights Law Clinic at the Washington College of Law, where she represented clients before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights on issues ranging from indigenous lands rights to cross-border abductions and irregular rendition.[4]
Professional activities
In the spring of 2000, Arraf traveled to Jerusalem to serve as program coordinator for Seeds of Peace, a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that seeks to foster dialogue between Jewish and Palestinian youth.[5]
In 2001 her title at the Center for Coexistence in Jerusalem was Regional Coordinator.[6] Arraf married Adam Shapiro, another ISM co-founder, in 2002. They met while both were working at the Jerusalem center of Seeds of Peace.[7]
In 2003 Arraf and her husband were jointly awarded a Fellowship by the Echoing Green Foundation in New York, which they subsequently declined.
Involvement with the International Solidarity Movement
Arraf co-founded the ISM in 2001, while living in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. She founded the ISM with members of two Palestinian foundations with strong international ties, the Holy Land Trust and the Rapprochement Centre. At the ISM, she has participated in the training of thousands of volunteers from around the world in non-violence and in human-rights monitoring and reporting.
Arraf ’s ISM brands its method as “nonviolent direct action”: the members of the group knowingly place themselves in controversial situations and intentionally provoke physical confrontation. Huwaida Arraf and her husband Shapiro admit that it is important to understand that Palestinians have a legal right under the Geneva Convention to resist with arms, as they are an occupied people upon whom force and violence is being used at the same time they advocate non violent direct action as the best strategy to overcome Israeli oppression and occupation. They advocate that instead of turning to violence, Hamas send men eager for jihad to non violently stand out in roadblocks as martyrs, saying this should be considered by the jihad-is as no less noble as carrying out a suicide bombing which would kill people and that they would still be considered shaheed Allah.[8]
Arraf has acknowledged that the ISM has direct contact with Hamas, Islamic Jihad, and the PFLP—all US-designated terror organizations. She later clarified, saying that, in acknowledging those connections, but has insisted that in acknowledging those connections, she was “offering concrete examples of the ways in which these groups were engaging in nonviolent resistance.”[9]
During the second Intifada, Arraf organized what she termed a demonstration against Jewish settlers in the West Bank.[citation needed]
Gaza Freedom Flotilla
Arraf was the chair of the Free Gaza Movement,[10] the organization behind the Gaza Freedom Flotillas - a series of groups of ships carrying Pro-Palestinian activists that were organized to break Israel's naval blockade of the Gaza Strip. She was aboard the 2008 Free Gaza boats[3] as well as the 2010 flotilla that was raided by Israeli commandos on May 31.[11] Using a satellite phone on board, Arraf stated that their plan was to have the boats keep heading toward Gaza “until they either disable our boats or jump on board.”[11]
At the time of the raid, Arraf was aboard the Challenger 1,[11] one of the smallest ships (30 feet) of the flotilla. On Thursday, 3 June 2010, she provided her version of the events on Challenger 1 in an interview on Democracy Now.[12]
Arraf resigned from this position in October, 2012, following a series of anti-Semitic tweets posted on the official Twitter feed of the Free Gaza Movement.[13]
References
- ^ Arraf biodata
- ^ "http://www.radioproject.org/archive/2006/5106.html Women Rising X: International Changemakers - Human Rights Advocates]". National Radio Project: Making Contact. Season 9. Episode 51. 2006-12-20.
{{cite episode}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|episodelink=and|serieslink=(help); External link in|series=and|title= - ^ a b Huwaida Arraf, Biography at Global Exchange.
- ^ "Al-Quds University - Staff". Retrieved 26 May 2012.
- ^ Huwaida Arraf biography at American Friends Service Committee.
- ^ The Olive Branch, Winter 2001 and The Olive Branch, Spring 2001
- ^ Blincoe, Nicholas (31 May 2003). "A Love Under Fire". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 10 June 2010.
{{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ "Why Nonviolent Resistance is Important for the Palestinian Intifada: A Response to Ramzy Baroud". ISM.
- ^ "Allowing a Mideast Conference at Georgetown". The Washington Post. 17 February 2006.
- ^ Siegel, Robert (1 June 2010). "'Freedom Flotilla' Protesters Vowed Not To Use Violence, Organizer Tells NPR". NPR News.
{{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) Direct link to audio file - ^ a b c Kershner, Isabel (30 May 2010). "Israel Intercepts Gaza Flotilla; Violence Reported". New York Times. Jerusalem: New York Times. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
- ^ hosted by Amy Goodman and Juan Gonzalez (3 June 2010). "Flotilla Passengers Huwaida Arraf of Free Gaza Movement and Retired Army Col. Ann Wright Respond to Israeli Claims on Deadly Assault". Democracy Now!. 9:57 minutes in. Transcript.
{{cite episode}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|episodelink=and|city=(help); External link in|transcripturl=|serieslink=ignored (|series-link=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|transcripturl=ignored (|transcript-url=suggested) (help) - ^ Free Gaza co-founder tweets antisemitic message