Jump to content

Industry classification

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by InternetArchiveBot (talk | contribs) at 11:05, 17 November 2019 (Bluelink 1 book for verifiability.) #IABot (v2.0) (GreenC bot). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Industry classification or industry taxonomy is a type of economic taxonomy that organizes companies into industrial groupings based on similar production processes, similar products, or similar behavior in financial markets.

Many are used by national and international statistical agencies to summarize economic conditions. They are also used by securities analysts to understand common forces acting on groups of companies, to compare companies' performance to their peers', and to construct either specialized or diversified portfolios.[1]

Sectors and industries

Industries can be classified in a variety of ways. At the top level, industry is often classified according to the three-sector theory into sectors: primary (extraction and agriculture), secondary (manufacturing), and tertiary (services). Some authors add quaternary (knowledge) or even quinary (culture and research) sectors. Over time, the fraction of a society's industry within each sector changes.

Below the economic sectors are more detailed classifications. They commonly divide industries according to similar functions and markets and identify businesses producing related products.

Industries can also be identified by product, such as: construction industry, chemical industry, petroleum industry, automotive industry, electronic industry, power engineering and power manufacturing (such as gas or wind turbines), meatpacking industry, hospitality industry, food industry, fish industry, software industry, paper industry, entertainment industry, semiconductor industry, cultural industry, and poverty industry.

Market-based classification systems such as the Global Industry Classification Standard and the Industry Classification Benchmark are used in finance and market research.

List of classifications

A wide variety of taxonomies is in use, sponsored by different organizations and based on different criteria.[2]

Abbreviation Full name Sponsor Criterion/
unit
Node count by level Issued
ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities United Nations Statistics Division production/
establishment
4 digits
21/88/238/419
1948–present (Rev. 4, 2008)
NAICS North American Industry Classification System Governments of the United States, Canada, and Mexico production/
establishment
6 digits
17/99/313/724/1175 (/19745)1
1997, 2002, 2012
NACE Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community European Community production/
establishment
6 digits 1970, 1990, 2006
ANZSIC Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification Governments of Australia and New Zealand 1993, 2006
SIC Standard Industrial Classification Government of the United States production/
establishment
4 digits
1004 categories
1937–1987 (superseded by NAICS, but still used in some applications)
ICB Industry Classification Benchmark FTSE market/
company
10/20/41/114[3]
GICS Global Industry Classification Standard Standard & Poor's, Morgan Stanley Capital International market/
company
2-8 digits
10/24/68/154
UKSIC United Kingdom Standard Industrial Classification of Economic Activities Government of the United Kingdom 1948-present (2007)
TRBC Thomson Reuters Business Classification Thomson Reuters market/
company
10 digits

10/28/54/136/837[3]

SNI Swedish Standard Industrial Classification Government of Sweden
UNSPSC United Nations Standard Products and Services Code United Nations Product 8 digits (optional 9th) (four levels) 1998 - present


BICS Bloomberg Industrial Classification System[4] Bloomberg L.P. 10/.../2294
MGECS Morningstar Global Equity Classification System[5] Morningstar, Inc. Securities behavior 3/14/69/148
RBICS FactSet Revere Business Industry Classification System FactSet, acquired in 2013[6] line of business 11000
HSICS Hang Seng Industry Classification System[7] Hang Seng Indexes Revenue source 11/31/89
IBBICS Industry Building Blocks[8] Industry Building Blocks Market line of business 19/130/550/3000/20200

1The NAICS Index File[9] lists 19745 rubrics beyond the 6 digits which are not assigned codes.

Besides the widely used taxonomies above, there are also more specialized proprietary systems:

See also

Notes

  1. ^ MSCI Barra, "Frequently Asked Questions about GICS" [1]
  2. ^ Standard & Poor's, "What's an Industry" pdf
  3. ^ a b https://www.thomsonreuters.com/content/dam/openweb/documents/pdf/financial/trbc-methodology.pdf
  4. ^ Riccardo Di Clemente et al., "Supplementary Information" for "Diversification versus specialization in complex ecosystems" [2]
  5. ^ "Morningstar Global Equity Classification Structure", May 24, 2011[3]
  6. ^ http://www.factset.com/campaigns/revere
  7. ^ [4]
  8. ^ [5]
  9. ^ https://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/2007NAICS/2007_NAICS_Index_File.xls
  10. ^ First Research taxonomy at Hoover's

References

  • Michael E. Porter (1980). Competitive Strategy. Free Press, New York. ISBN 978-0743260886.
  • Michael E. Porter (1985). Competitive Advantage. Free Press, New York. ISBN 978-0743260879.
  • Bernard Guibert, Jean Laganier, and Michel Volle, "An Essay on Industrial Classifications", Économie et statistique 20 (February 1971) full text