View source for Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen

{{Infobox musical composition
| name                = "{{Lang|de|Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen|italic=no}}"
| type                = [[Renaissance music|Renaissance]] song
| image               = 
| image_size          = 
| alt                 = 
| caption             = 
| translation         = "Innsbruck, I must leave thee"
| genre               = 
| text                = 
| based_on            = 
| language            = German
| composed             = {{Start date|1485}}
}}
"'''{{Lang|de|Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen|italic=no}}'''" ("Innsbruck, I must leave thee") is a German [[Renaissance music|Renaissance]] song. It was first published as a choral movement by the [[Franco-Flemish School|Franco-Flemish]] composer [[Heinrich Isaac]] (ca. 1450–1517); the melody was probably written by him. The lyricist is unknown; an authorship of Emperor [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian I]], as was previously assumed, seems highly unlikely. Chester Lee Alwes writes that the song "became the gold standard of the [[Lied]] genre".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Alwes |first1=Chester Lee |title=A History of Western Choral Music |date=2015 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-936193-9 |page=66 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=brq6BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA66 |access-date=10 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

==Melody==
There has been doubt whether the melody was in fact written by Heinrich Isaac or copied from earlier tunes. The melody was later used in a [[Lutheran chorale]], "{{Lang|de|O Welt, ich muß dich lassen|italic=no}}", and still appears in modern English-language [[hymnal]]s under the name "Innsbruck", to a wide variety of text, of which the most common one is "The duteous day now closeth",<ref>{{cite web |title=Tune: 'Innsbruck' |url=https://hymnary.org/tune/innsbruck_isaac |website=Hymnary.org |access-date=10 May 2020}}</ref> a paraphrase of [[Paul Gerhardt]]'s "[[Nun ruhen alle Wälder]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The duteous day now closeth |url=https://hymnology.hymnsam.co.uk/t/the-duteous-day-now-closeth |website=The Canterbury Dictionary of Hymnology |publisher=Canterbury Press |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

The song exists in two different [[Four-part harmony|four-part]] settings by Heinrich Isaac: a {{Lang|de|Diskantlied}} with the melody in the [[soprano]] part (transcribed below),<ref>[[Denkmäler der Tonkunst in Österreich]], Vol. 28, Vienna: Österreichischer Bundesverlag, 1907, p. 15</ref><!--source: IMSLP; https://imslp.org/wiki/Secular_Works_(Isaac,_Heinrich) - German Songs no. 12 --> and a {{ill|Tenorlied|de}} with the {{Lang|la|[[cantus firmus]]}} in the [[tenor]] part.
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\new Lyrics \lyricmode {
""1 IS1 -- bruck,2 ich2 muss1 dich1 las -- sen,1.
ich2 far2. da4 -- hin1 mein stras -- sen1.
in2 frem -- de land da -- hin.1.
Mein2 freud ist mir1 ge -- no -- men,1.
die2 ich2. nit4 weiss1 be -- kum -- men,1.
wo2 ich im e1 -- "" -- "" -- ""2 -- lend1. bin,
wo2 ich im e1 -- "" -- "" -- ""2 -- lend1. bin,
}
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>> >>
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\midi { \tempo 2 = 108 }
</score>

The hymn "{{lang|de|In allen meinen Taten|italic=no}}" by [[Paul Fleming (poet)|Paul Fleming]] (1609–1640) was written for the same melody. [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] used it in several [[Bach cantata|cantata]]s, especially in the [[Chorale cantata (Bach)|chorale cantata]] [[In allen meinen Taten, BWV 97|''In allen meinen Taten'', BWV 97]] (1734).

== Lyrics ==
The song is famously associated with the city of [[Innsbruck]] in [[County of Tyrol|Tyrol]] (in modern-day Austria). The lyrics express sorrow at having to leave a post at court, as the singer is forced to abandon his love and to depart to a foreign country. He promises her faithfulness and commends her to God's protection. Though Heinrich Isaac indeed spent some time in Innsbruck, the text was probably not written by him.

The [[stanza]]ic form consists of six [[iambic trimeter]]s with a A–A–B–C–C–B [[rhyme scheme]]. 
{{verse translation|lang=de|Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen,
ich fahr dahin mein Straßen,
in fremde Land dahin;
mein Freud ist mir genommen,
die ich nicht weiß bekommen,
wo ich im Elend bin.

Groß Leid muss ich jetzt tragen,
das ich allein tu klagen
dem liebsten Buhlen mein;
ach Lieb, nun lass mich Armen
im Herzen dein erbarmen,
dass ich muss von dannen sein!

Mein Trost ob allen Weiben,
dein tu ich ewig bleiben,
stet' treu, der Ehren fromm;
nun muss dich Gott bewahren,
in aller Tugend sparen,
bis dass ich wieder komm!<ref>{{cite book|editor=Caesar Flaischlen |title=Das Buch unserer deutschen Dichtung: Die Frühzeit (1500–1800)|orig-date=1925|year=2015|page=159|publisher=BoD – Books on Demand |isbn=978-3-8460-8715-2}}</ref>
|
Innsbruck, I must leave you;
I will go my way
to foreign land(s).
My joy has been taken away from me,
that I cannot achieve
while being abroad.<ref>[http://idiome.deacademic.com/652/Elend "Elend"], {{Lang|de|Das Wörterbuch der Idiome}} [Lexicon of Idioms], deacademic.com</ref>

I must now bear great sorrow
that I can only share
with my dearest lover.
Oh love, hold poor me
(and) in your heart compassion
that I must be away.

My consolation: above all other women,
I will forever be yours,
always faithful, in true honor.
And now, may God protect you,
keep you in perfect virtue,
until I shall return.}}

== See also ==
* [[Music of Innsbruck]]

== References ==
'''Notes'''
<references />
'''Sources'''
* {{cite web|url=http://www.bach-cantatas.com/CM/O-Welt-ich-muss.htm|title=Chorale Melodies used in Bach's Vocal Works: 'O Welt, ich muß dich lassen / Nun ruhen alle Wälder'|access-date=7 November 2006|publisher=Bach Cantatas Website bach-cantatas.com}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Lib/Isaac-Heinrich.htm|title=Heinrich Isaac (Composer)|access-date=7 November 2006|work=Poets & Composers: Short Biographies|publisher=bach-cantatas.com}}

==External links==
* {{Commons category inline}}
* {{ChoralWiki|work=Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen (Heinrich Isaac)}}
* {{IMSLP|work=Innsbruck ich muss dich lassen (Isaac, Heinrich)}}
* {{YouTube|hpMIwuUg81E|Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen}}, [[Die Singphoniker]]
*  [https://stimmbuecher.digitale-sammlungen.de/view?id=bsb00071945 ''Des außbunds schöner Teutscher Liedlein zu singen''], Nürnberg: 1561. (discantus, altus, tenor, bassus)

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Volkslied]]
[[Category:Innsbruck]]
[[Category:15th-century songs]]