Iodine monofluoride
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| Names | |||
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| IUPAC name
Iodine monofluoride
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| Other names
Iodine fluoride
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| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |||
| FI | |||
| Molar mass | 145.903 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | unstable brown solid | ||
| Melting point | −45 °C (−49 °F; 228 K) | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Other anions
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Iodine monochloride Iodine monobromide Astatine monoiodide | ||
Other cations
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Chlorine monofluoride Bromine monofluoride Astatine monofluoride | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Iodine monofluoride is an interhalogen compound of iodine and fluorine with formula IF. It is a chocolate-brown solid that decomposes at 0 C,[1] disproportionating to elemental iodine and iodine pentafluoride:
- 5 IF → 2 I2 + IF5
However, its molecular properties can still be precisely determined by spectroscopy: the iodine-fluorine distance is 190.9 pm and the I−F bond dissociation energy is around 277 kJ mol−1. At 298 K, its standard enthalpy change of formation is ΔHf° = −95.4 kJ mol−1, and its Gibbs free energy is ΔGf° = −117.6 kJ mol−1.
It can be generated, albeit only fleetingly, by the reaction of the elements at −45 °C in CCl3F:
- I2 + F2 → 2 IF
It can also be generated by the reaction of iodine with iodine trifluoride at −78 °C in CCl3F:
- I2 + IF3 → 3 IF
The reaction of iodine with silver(I) fluoride at 0 °C also yields iodine monofluoride:
- I2 + AgF → IF + AgI
Reactions
Iodine monofluoride is used to produce pure nitrogen triiodide:
- BN + 3 IF → NI3 + BF3
See also
References
- ^ Mary Eagleson (1994), Concise Encyclopedia of Chemistry. Walter de Gruyter. 1201 pages. ISBN 3-11-011451-8, ISBN 978-3-11-011451-5.
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