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{{About|the municipality in West Bengal, India|its namesake district|Jalpaiguri district}}
{{About|the city cum municipality in West Bengal, India|its namesake district|Jalpaiguri district}}
{{multiple issues|
{{POV|date=December 2013}}
{{cleanup|reason=for adhering to MOS|date=December 2013}}
{{original research|date=December 2013}}
{{peacock|date=December 2013}}
{{refimprove|date=December 2013}}
}}

{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jalpaiguri
| name = Jalpaiguri
| native_name =
| native_name = जलपाईगुरि
| native_name_lang =
| native_name_lang = Bhutanese
| other_name =
| other_name = JPG
| nickname =
| nickname = The Olive City
| settlement_type = City
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline =
| image_skyline =
Line 29: Line 21:
| longm =
| longm =
| longs =
| longs =
| longEW = E
| longEW
| coordinates_display = inline,title
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jalpaiguri district]]
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Municipality
| governing_body = Jalpaiguri Municipality
| leader_title = Chairman
| leader_name = Mohan Bose
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 70.29
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 89
| population_total = 169013
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = 1426
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[English language|English]], [[Marwari language|Marwari]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 735 101
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 03561
| registration_plate = WB-71 WB-72
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Jalpaiguri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jalpaiguri (SC)]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Jalpaiguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jalpaiguri (SC)]], [[Rajganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Rajganj (SC)]]
| website = {{URL|jalpaiguri.gov.in/}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Jalpaiguri''' (Pron: ˌʤælpaɪˈgʊəri) ({{lang-bn|জলপাইগুড়ি}} ''[[Romanization of Bengali|Jôlpaiguṛi]]'') is a city in the state of [[West Bengal]], [[India]]. It is the headquarters of [[Jalpaiguri district]], and the divisional headquarters of the [[North Bengal]] region.

== History ==
The name of the city Jalpaiguri actually comes from the Bhutanese term je-le-pe-gu-ri meaning a place where warm clothes are traded, suggesting a trading center.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gupta|first=Om|title=Encyclopaedia of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh|year=2007|publisher=Isha Books|isbn=978-8182053892|page=1086}}</ref> Another suggestion is that it is from the word Jalpai meaning olive, and Guri meaning place.<ref>{{cite book|last=Raha|first=Manis Kumar|title=Matriliny to Patriliny: A Study of the Rabha Society|year=1989|publisher=Gian Publishing House|page=22}}</ref> Jalpaiguri once had many olive trees. With time, Jalpaiguri emerged as the most important city next to Siliguri in [[North Bengal]]. Lying just 42 kilometres away from [[Siliguri]], it is the [[Twin cities (geographical proximity)|Twin city]] to [[Siliguri]]. Jalpaiguri is the largest city and is presently the headquarters of the [[Jalpaiguri District]] and also the headquarters of the [[Jalpaiguri Division]], comprising all districts of [[North Bengal]].

==Geography==
[[Image:Tista.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Teesta River]]]]
Jalpaiguri is located at {{coord|26.52|N|88.73|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/Jalpaiguri.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jalpaiguri]</ref> It has an average elevation of 75&nbsp;metres (246&nbsp;feet). Jalpaiguri lies in the middle of the vast fertile plains([[Terai]])south of the [[Himalayas]],watered by innumerable rivers and rivulets rising from and flowing down the Himalayas.On a clear sunny day,[[Mount Kanchenjunga]] is visible from the city itself.The city lies on the banks of the [[Teesta River|Teesta]] river which is the second largest river in [[West Bengal]] after the [[Ganges]].A mass flood in 1968 nearly flattened out the city and huge spurs had to be built and the river diverted to some km. outside the city to avoid the same carnage as it caused. Other than the [[Teesta]], the Karala river, nicknamed the "''Thames of Jalpaiguri''", flows through the city thereby bisecting it into two halves.

==Climate==
The [[City]] of Jalpaiguri experiences three seasons mainly, namely Summer; Monsoons and Winter.
Summers are tropical and quite hot with temperatures ranging in the mid-thirties.The highest recorded temperature in Jalpaiguri is 42.5 degree Celsius. Monsoons are very severe with the [[City]] experiencing high amount of rainfall, sometimes stalling all life and activities. Winters are again quite severe and chilly, with the cold [[Himalaya]]n winds blowing straight into the city. Temperatures are around 8 to 14 degrees Celsius during this period. The lowest recorded temperature in [[Jalpaiguri City]] is 1.2 degree Celsius. (citation needed)

==Urbanization==
In the 2011 census, [[Jalpaiguri City]] [[Urban Agglomeration]] had a population of approximately more than 3,03,874; out of which 1,53,564 were males and 1,50,310 were females. The 0–6 years population was 76,526. Effective literacy rate for the 8+ population was 91.25 per cent.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title = Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | publisher = |accessdate = 2011-10-21 }}</ref>
{{see also|List of cities in West Bengal}}
{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{GR|India}}</ref> Jalpaiguri had a population of 2,30,145. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Jalpaiguri has an average literacy rate of 91%, higher than the national average of 79.5%:male literacy is 91%, and female literacy is 89%. In [[Jalpaiguri City]],34% of the population is under 6 years of age.

==Civic administration==
Administration is the responsibility of the Jalpaiguri city Municipality, the 5th oldest in West Bengal after that of [[Kolkata]], [[Howrah]], [[Baharampur|Berhampore]] and [[Burdwan]]. Setup in 1885, it is headed by a Chairman who is elected by the all residents of the [[City]]. It has quite about 40 wards, from where the councilors are elected. Presently the Communist Party of India (Marxist) is in power of this municipal body. The current Municipal Chairman is Mr. Mohan Bose. The responsibility of the welfare of the city and maintenance of public properties lies in its hands.
Presently,the [[New Jalpaiguri]] Railway Station lying just 38&nbsp;km. from the city which is the largest station in [[North Bengal]] & the 3rd in the [[North-East]] after [[Guwahati]] and [[Dibrugarh]], is shared by Jalpaiguri along with [[Siliguri]].
== Notable residents ==
*[[P. K. Banerjee]]
* [[Samaresh Majumdar]]
* [[Ratan Lal Basu]], renowned fiction writer in English
* [[Samaresh Majumdar]], famous Bengali author of novels like Uttoradhikar, Kalpurush, Kaalbela, etc.
* [[Pradip Kumar Banerjee]], renowned football player and coach who represented India at the international level.
* [[Mimi Chakraborty]], Bengali actress
* [[Nirmal Bose]], Senior Cabinet Minister government of West Bengal, Member of Parliament, President Indian Political Science Association

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Wikivoyage-inline|Jalpaiguri}}
* [http://jalpaiguri.nic.in/index.htm Jalpaiguri Website]
* [http://www.wb.nic.in/dist/jalpai.html West Bengal Jalpaiguri District]
* [http://www.sjda.org/ Siliguri Jalpaiguri Development Authority]

{{Jalpaiguri district}}
{{Jalpaiguri topics}}
{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Jalpaiguri district]]

Revision as of 11:39, 13 January 2014

This article is about the city cum municipality in West Bengal, India. For its namesake district, see Jalpaiguri district.

{{Infobox settlement | name = Jalpaiguri | native_name = जलपाईगुरि | native_name_lang = Bhutanese | other_name = JPG | nickname = The Olive City | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | pushpin_map = India West Bengal | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India | latd = 26.52 | latm = | lats = | latNS = N | longd = 88.73 | longm = | longs = | longEW

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