John Pratt, 1st Marquess Camden
The Marquess Camden | |
|---|---|
,_Marquis_Camden_by_William_Salter.jpg) | |
| Lord Lieutenant of Ireland | |
| In office 13 March 1795 – 14 June 1798 | |
| Monarch | George III |
| Prime Minister | Hon. William Pitt the Younger |
| Preceded by | The Earl Fitzwilliam |
| Succeeded by | The Marquess Cornwallis |
| Secretary of State for War and the Colonies | |
| In office 14 May 1804 – 10 July 1805 | |
| Monarch | George III |
| Prime Minister | Hon. William Pitt the Younger |
| Preceded by | Lord Hobart |
| Succeeded by | Viscount Castlereagh |
| Lord President of the Council | |
| In office 10 July 1805 – 19 February 1806 | |
| Monarch | George III |
| Prime Minister | William Pitt the Younger |
| Preceded by | Viscount Sidmouth |
| Succeeded by | The Earl Fitzwilliam |
| In office 26 March 1807 – 8 April 1812 | |
| Monarch | George III |
| Prime Minister | The Duke of Portland Spencer Perceval |
| Preceded by | Viscount Sidmouth |
| Succeeded by | Viscount Sidmouth |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 11 February 1759 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London |
| Died | 8 October 1840 (aged 81) Seale, Surrey |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Tory |
| Spouse(s) | Frances Molesworth (d. 1829) |
| Alma mater | Trinity College, Cambridge |
John Jeffreys Pratt, 1st Marquess Camden KG PC (11 February 1759 – 8 October 1840), styled Viscount Bayham from 1786 to 1794 and known as The Earl Camden from 1794 to 1812, was a British politician. He served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland between 1795 and 1798 and as Secretary of State for War and the Colonies between 1804 and 1805.
Background and education
Camden was born at Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, the only son of Lord Chancellor Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden, and Elizabeth, daughter of Nicholas Jeffreys, of The Priory, Brecknockshire.[1] He was baptised on the day Halley's Comet appeared. He was educated at the University of Cambridge (Trinity College).[1][2]
Political career
In 1780 Camden was elected Member of Parliament for Bath[1][3] and obtained the position of Teller of the Exchequer the same year,[1] a lucrative office which he kept until his death, although after 1812 he refused to receive the large income arising from it.[citation needed] He served under the Earl of Shelburne as Lord of the Admiralty between 1782 and 1783 and in the same post under William Pitt the Younger between 1783 and 1789, as well as a Lord of the Treasury between 1789 and 1792.[1]
In 1793 he was sworn of the Privy Council. In 1794 he succeeded his father in the earldom, and the following year he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland by Pitt.[4]
Disliked in Ireland as an opponent of Roman Catholic emancipation and as the exponent of an unpopular policy, Camden's term of office was one of turbulence, culminating in the rebellion of 1798; his refusal to reprieve the United Irishman William Orr, convicted of treason on the word of one witness of dubious credit, aroused great public indignation.[5]
Immediately after the suppression of the rising Camden resigned.[1] In 1804 he became Secretary of State for War and the Colonies under Pitt,[6] and in 1805 Lord President of the Council,[7] an office he retained until 1806. He was again Lord President from 1807 to 1812,[1] after which date he remained for some time in the cabinet without office.[citation needed] In 1812 he was created Earl of Brecknock and Marquess Camden.[8]
Camden was also Lord Lieutenant of Kent between 1808 and 1840[1][9] and Chancellor of Cambridge University between 1834 and 1840.[1] He was made a Knight of the Garter in 1799[10] and elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London in 1802.[1]
Family
Lord Camden married Frances, daughter of William Molesworth, in 1785. She died at Bayham Abbey, Sussex, in July 1829. Lord Camden survived her by eleven years and died at Seale, Surrey, on 8 October 1840, aged 81. He was succeeded by his only son, George.[1]
The family owned and lived in a house located at 22 Arlington Street in St. James's, a district of the City of Westminster in central London,[11] which is adjoining the Ritz Hotel.[12] In the year of his death, he sold the house to Major Henry Somerset, 7th Duke of Beaufort.[11]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k thepeerage.com Sir John Jeffreys Pratt, 1st Marquess Camden
- ^ "Hon. John Jeffreys Pratt (PRT776JJ)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
- ^ leighrayment.com House of Commons: Baillieston to Beckenham
- ^ "No. 13759". The London Gazette. 10 March 1795.
- ^ Ball, F. Elrington The Judges in Ireland 1221-1921 John Murray London 1926 Vol.2 p.183
- ^ "No. 15704". The London Gazette. 22 May 1804.
- ^ "No. 15823". The London Gazette. 9 July 1805.
- ^ "No. 16632". The London Gazette. 11 August 1812.
- ^ leighrayment.com Peerage: Cable to Cardwell
- ^ "No. 15169". The London Gazette. 13 August 1799.
- ^ a b Chancellor, E. Beresford (1908). The Private Palaces of London Past and Present. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co Ltd. pp. 366–367. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
- ^ "About this project". Architecture. London, England: The Royal Institute of British Architects. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
External links
- Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Marquess Camden
- . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
- Use dmy dates from April 2012
- British Secretaries of State
- Chancellors of the University of Cambridge
- Knights of the Garter
- Lord-Lieutenants of Kent
- Lord Presidents of the Council
- Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
- Lords of the Admiralty
- Marquesses in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
- Members of the Privy Council of Ireland
- Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies
- People of the Irish Rebellion of 1798
- 1759 births
- 1840 deaths
- Pratt family (England)