Kiichiro Higuchi

Kiichirō Higuchi
Japanese General Higuchi Kiichiro
Born	August 20, 1888 Minamiawaji, Hyōgo, Japan
Died	October 11, 1970(1970-10-11) (aged 82)
Allegiance	Empire of Japan
Service / branch	Imperial Japanese Army
Years of service	1910 - 1945
Rank	Lieutenant General
Commands	9th Division Fifth Area Army
Battles / wars	World War II

Template:Japanese name Kiichirō Higuchi (樋口 季一郎, Higuchi Kiichirō, 20 August 1888 – 11 October 1970) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II.

Biography

Higuchi was born in what is now part of Minamiawaji city on Awaji Island, Hyōgo Prefecture, as the eldest of nine siblings. When he was eleven years old, his parents divorced and he was raised by his mother's family. He was a graduate of the 21st class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, and the 30th class of the Army Staff College. As a junior officer, he was sent as military attaché to Poland. Due to his fluency in the Russian language, Higuchi was later posted to Manchuria with the Kwantung Army. Higuchi was a close confidant of General Kanji Ishiwara and Korechika Anami.

From 1933-1935, he was commander of the IJA 41st Infantry Regiment, and from 1935-1937 served as Chief of staff of the IJA 3rd Division. He was sent to Germany as part of a military delegation in 1937.

As a major general and the commander of the Harbin Special Branch in 1938, he, with the help of Yosuke Matsuoka, allowed many Jewish refugees who had fled Nazi Germany to cross the border from Otpor of the Soviet Union to Manchouli of Manchukuo, in an incident which later became known as the Otpor Incident. A few of his subordinates were responsible for feeding the refugees, settling them in Harbin or Shanghai, or arranging for exit visas. Assenting to Higuchi's view that the German policy against the Jews was a serious humanitarian concern, Hideki Tojo offered an opinion to Kwantung Army. Higuchi's lieutenant Norihiro Yasue appealed Jewish refugee protection to General Seishiro Itagaki, which let to the Japanese Jewish Policy Program of 1938. In December 2009, the Israeli ambassador to Japan presented the park to commemorate Higuchi's act with an olive sapling.

Recalled to Japan in late 1938, Higuchi served briefly on the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff before being assigned as commanding officer of the IJA 9th Division in 1939. In 1942, he was promoted to lieutenant general and assigned to the Sapporo-based 5th Area Army. He participated in the invasion of the Aleutian islands, including the disastrous campaigns on Attu Island and Kiska Island. Afterwards, as commander of the Northern District Army he organized the defenses of northern Japan against invasion by Allied forces, fortifying Shumshu island in the northern Kurile Islands, and the defense of South Sakhalin Island.

References

• Glantz, David (2003). The Soviet Strategic Offensive in Manchuria, 1945: 'August Storm'. Routledge. ISBN 0-7146-5279-2.
• Tokayer, Rabbi Marvin (2004). The Fugu Plan: The Untold Story Of The Japanese And The Jews During World War II. Gefen Publishing House. ISBN 965-229-329-6.
• Yamamuro, Shinichi (2005). Manchuria Under Japanese Domination. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-3912-1.

External links

• Ammenthorp, Steen. "Higuchi Kiichiro". The Generals of World War II.