Lev Artsimovich
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Lev Artsimovich | |
|---|---|
 Lev Artsimovich | |
| Born | February 25, 1909 |
| Died | March 1, 1973 (aged 64) |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Known for | Plasma, Tokamak |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physicist |
Lev Andreevich Artsimovich (Арцимович, Лев Андреевич in Russian; also transliterated Arzimowitsch) (February 25, 1909 (NS) – March 1, 1973) was a Soviet physicist, academician of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1953), member of the Presidium of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (since 1957), and Hero of Socialist Labor (1969).
Academic research
Artsimovich worked on the field of nuclear fusion and plasma physics.[1]
From 1930 to 1944 he worked at the Ioffe Institute, and in 1944 he joined the "Laboratory number 2" (currently Kurchatov Institute) for work on the Soviet atomic bomb project. From 1951 to his death in 1973, he was the head of the Soviet fusion power program.
He was known as "the father of the Tokamak",[2] a special concept for a fusion reactor. Once Artsimovich was asked when the first thermonuclear reactor would start its work. He replied: "When mankind needs it, maybe a short time before that."[3]
Under his guidance a thermonuclear fusion reaction was produced in the laboratory for the first time.
From 1963 to 1973 he was the vice-chairman of the Soviet Pugwash Committee and the chairman of the National Committee of Soviet Physicists.
He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1966.[4] The crater Artsimovich on the Moon is named after him.
Honours and awards
- 1946 - Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences
- 1953 - Academician of the USSR
- 1953 - Stalin Prize, first class
- 1957 - Academician-secretary of the Department of General Physics and Astronomy, USSR Academy of Sciences, member of the Presidium of the USSR
- 1958 - Lenin Prize
- 1965 - Honorary Member of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
- 1966 - Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- 1968 - Honorary Member of the Swedish Academy of Sciences
- 1969 - Honorary Member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences
- 1969 - Hero of Socialist Labour
- 1970 - Honorary Citizen of Texas (USA)
- 1971 - USSR State Prize
- 1972 - Honorary Doctor of the University of Warsaw
- Four Orders of Lenin
- Order of the Red Banner, twice (incl. 1945)
See also
References
- ^ Coppi, Bruno; Feld, Bernard T. (July 1973). "Obituary: L. A. Artsimovich". Physics Today. 26 (7): 60–61. Bibcode:1973PhT....26g..60C. doi:10.1063/1.3128152. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Fusion power - a step in the right direction.
- ^ "Chris Smith, The Path to Fusion Power".
- ^ "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter A" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
External links
- 1909 births
- 1973 deaths
- Soviet physicists
- 20th-century physicists
- Russian physicists
- Russian inventors
- Heroes of Socialist Labour
- Stalin Prize winners
- Lenin Prize winners
- Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
- Recipients of the USSR State Prize
- Recipients of the Order of Lenin
- Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology faculty
- Writers from Moscow
- Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- Belarusian State University alumni
- Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin