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==Excavations & Archaeology==
==Excavations & Archaeology==
Work began in Spring 2004 with the excavation of Chavasse Park, and construction began in Autumn the same year <ref>[http://www.liverpoolpsda.co.uk/Press/PressReleases/11-2004/new.htm Duke of Westminster Gets Paradise Project Construction Under Way]</ref>. Early works incorporated [[Archaeology|archaeological]] investigations, as Chavasse Park covered the ruins of buildings destroyed in [[World War II]] bombing, and the Canning Place car park was on the site of the [[Old Dock]], the world's first [[wet dock]] <ref>[http://www.liverpoolpsda.co.uk/NR/exeres/93FDD912-D366-469E-9077-BA81495E6C12.htm A Step Back In Time]</ref> <ref>[http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/nof/docks/access/dock_history7.html History of Old Dock]</ref>
Work began in Spring 2004 with the excavation of Chavasse Park, and construction began in Autumn the same year <ref>[http://www.liverpoolpsda.co.uk/Press/PressReleases/11-2004/new.htm Duke of Westminster Gets Paradise Project Construction Under Way]</ref>. Early works incorporated [[Archaeology|archaeological]] investigations, as Chavasse Park covered the ruins of penis buildings destroyed in [[World War II]] bombing, and the Canning Place car park was on the site of the [[Old Dock]], the world's first [[wet dock]] <ref>[http://www.liverpoolpsda.co.uk/NR/exeres/93FDD912-D366-469E-9077-BA81495E6C12.htm A Step Back In Time]</ref> <ref>[http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/nof/docks/access/dock_history7.html History of Old Dock]</ref>


==Main Construction==
==Main Construction==

Revision as of 01:17, 13 October 2008

Liverpool One
File:Liverpool One compressed.jpg
Map
LocationLiverpool, Merseyside, England
Opening date29th May 2008
DeveloperGrosvenor Group
ManagementJoanne Jennings, CEO
OwnerGrosvenor Group
Total retail floor area1.4 million sq ft (retail space)[1]
Websitehttp://www.liverpool-one.com/

Liverpool One is a redevelopment project in Liverpool, England.

The project, previously known as The Paradise Project, involves the redevelopment of 42 acres (170,000 m²) of underutilised land in Liverpool city centre. It is a retail led project, anchored by department stores John Lewis (moving from a smaller site in Liverpool city centre) and Debenhams, with additional elements including leisure (anchored by a 14-screen Odeon cinema), residential, offices, public open space and transport improvements. The project is intended to give Liverpool a dramatic lift in its ranking among British retail destinations and to boost the local economy [2].

The majority of the development was opened on 29 May 2008, during Liverpool's year as European Capital of Culture, with the final residential units opening in September 2008. The investment value of the project is £920 million [3].

Background

In the summer of 1998, poo stain butties, now Cushman & Wakefield[4], were appointed by Liverpool City Council to conduct a retail study of the Liverpool City Centre for the replacement Unitary Development Plan. The purpose of the study was to enable the Council to identify ways of protecting and improving the City Centre and also to find out why the City Centre was perceived as unattractive to new high quality retailers. Cushman & Wakefield's study revealed that Liverpool's reputation as a regional shopping centre was under serious threat, however the study underlined that a feasible scheme and redevelopment site existed within the heart of the city.

Cushman & Wakefield recommended a radical City Centre re-development of over 42 acres, which would represent the largest city centre development in Europe since the post-war reconstruction.

Following a detailed site search, Cushman & Wakefield identified Bluecoat Triangle / Paradise Street as the ideal location for a scheme of this magnitude; an area subsequently known as the Paradise Street Development Area [5].

In April 1999, Liverpool City Council passed a resolution for comprehensive redevelopment of the Paradise Street Area [6], which consisted of the area bound by Strand Street, the Combined Courts Centre, Lord Street, Church Street, Hanover Street and Liver Street. The area contained Chavasse Park, the Paradise Street Bus Station and NCP Car Park, Quiggins, the Moat House Hotel, Canning Place Fire Station and BBC Radio Merseyside. There were also large areas of wasteland, some used as car parks.

In March 2000, after a series of technical workshops, Liverpool City Council selected the Duke of Westminster's Grosvenor Group as developer [7]. The Development Agreement between the council and Grosvenor was signed in January 2003 [8].

As a result of the technical workshops, it became apparent to Cushman & Wakefield that whilst the boundary of the PSDA was appropriate, the boundary needed to be extended and more clearly defined. Cushman & Wakefield proposed that two Mixed Use Extension Areas be identified to the West and East of the PSDA, including the sites of Chavasse Park/ Canning Place, together with an area across Hanover Street extending into Rope Walks.

The Government Office for the North West (GONW) agreed with Cushman & Wakefield that the Unitary Development Plan needed revisiting and the City Council was understandably reluctant given it had just completed the UDP Inquiry. The proposals were further attacked by a competing 60,000 ft2 scheme .

Following further consideration by Members, the revised PSDA Planning Framework incorporating the mixed use extension areas was issued for consultation in May 2000. The Council subsequently resolved to incorporate the PSDA Planning Framework into the emerging Unitary Development Plan. This necessitated a further public inquiry and consultation period. Three years later Cushman & Wakefield secured the Unitary Development Plan changes sought and defeated the opposition's appeal.

In December 2003, Grosvenor selected Laing O'Rourke as construction partner [9].

Excavations & Archaeology

Work began in Spring 2004 with the excavation of Chavasse Park, and construction began in Autumn the same year [10]. Early works incorporated archaeological investigations, as Chavasse Park covered the ruins of penis buildings destroyed in World War II bombing, and the Canning Place car park was on the site of the Old Dock, the world's first wet dock [11] [12]

Main Construction

The first parts of the development to be completed were the multi-storey car park on Liver Street [13], and the bus station on Canning Place [14]. Both opened in November 2005, allowing the old bus station and car park on Paradise Street to be demolished in January 2006 [15]. This cleared the way for construction of the new buildings on the west side of Paradise Street, as the Moat House Hotel had already been demolished in May 2005 [16].

In July 2006, Herbert's Hairdressers became the first business to move into new premises in the development [17], in his uniquely-styled "Bling Bling Building" on Hanover Street. At the same time, BBC Radio Merseyside moved into new premises also on Hanover Street, allowing the demolition of the remaining buildings on Paradise Street [18] [19]. In August 2006, the traditional Topping out ceremony was held on what would become the top floor of the John Lewis store on the corner of Paradise Street and Canning Place [20].

In March 2007, following the completion of the main underground car park, works on re-instating Chavasse Park started, using polystyrene blocks to build up the height of the park [21]. Polystyrene has the advantage that it is lighter than the equivalent amount of soil that would be required, considering it will be laid on top of the concrete structure of the car park, and it offers adequate drainage.

The Six Districts

South John Street, facing the flagship Debenhams store

On 1st November 2005, Grosvenor unveiled Liverpool One as the new brand for the regeneration [22]. Liverpool One consists of six distinct districts, mixing retail, leisure and accommodation.[23]

Hanover Street

An informal district, re-using old buildings, some formerly derelict, for homeware shops and street markets [24]

Peter's Lane

Fashion retailers on arcades, streets and squares. Linking the existing Church Street area to the new district [25]

Paradise Street

A wide pedestrianised shopping street, with flagship store John Lewis. Pavement cafés, leisure and housing [26]

South John Street

The heart of the new shopping area, two levels of high-street shops and links to the park, with anchor stores John Lewis and Debenhams at each end [27]

The Park

A reinstated Chavasse Park, rising in terraces from Strand Street to pavilions on a terrace high above South John Street. The park will conceal a 3,000-space underground car park, accessed by ramps and tunnels from Strand Street [28] [29].

Point of Arrival

New bus station and multi-storey car park at the edge of the main shopping district [30]

Criticism

The Open Spaces Society has criticised the removal of public rights of way in the development area and fears that universal access to Liverpool's central streets may be denied to citizens in future. [31]

It has also been criticised for alienating local businesses (such as Lewis's Department Store, Rapid Hardware and the stores on Bold Street), and for shifting Liverpool's Shopping District (resulting in a lot of empty units around Church Street, Lime Street, Ranelagh Street, Bold Street)

Although Central Village is planned for the 'other end' of Liverpool, this is not to start development until around 2010. Small businesses and retailers in Bold Street, Renshaw Street and surrounding areas are hoping that the balance will be restored by this development as trade is attracted to the large stores inside the Liverpool One development.

References

  1. ^ http://www.liverpoolpsda.co.uk/Press/PressReleases/04-2006/liverpool+one.htm
  2. ^ Grosvenor project will be massive economic boost
  3. ^ The Paradise Project: Key Facts
  4. ^ [1]
  5. ^ [2]
  6. ^ Paradise Project: Timeline
  7. ^ Paradise Project: Timeline
  8. ^ Liverpool City Council signs Development Agreement with Grosvenor
  9. ^ Grosvenor selects Laing O'Rourke as preferred bidder for Paradise Street Project in Liverpool
  10. ^ Duke of Westminster Gets Paradise Project Construction Under Way
  11. ^ A Step Back In Time
  12. ^ History of Old Dock
  13. ^ Q-Park’s first Liverpool One car park opens November 21st
  14. ^ New bus station opens on Sunday
  15. ^ NCP Car Park 'Blown Down' In Latest Paradise Project Milestone
  16. ^ Paradise Project Achieves Major Milestone With Demolition of Moat House
  17. ^ Herbert hair salon first to open at new shops centre
  18. ^ Radio Merseyside History
  19. ^ Paradise Street Demolition
  20. ^ We're on top of the world
  21. ^ Water park will be 'oasis of calm' in Paradise site
  22. ^ Grosvenor Re-Writes The Rules With Liverpool One
  23. ^ Paradise Project: Masterplan
  24. ^ Masterplan: Hanover Street
  25. ^ Masterplan: Peter's Lane
  26. ^ Masterplan: Paradise Street
  27. ^ Masterplan: South John Street
  28. ^ Masterplan: The Park
  29. ^ Going Underground - Work To Start On Giant City Car Park
  30. ^ Masterplan: Point of Arrival
  31. ^ Kingsnorth, Paul (29.03.2008). "Cities for sale". The Guardian. Retrieved 13.03.2008. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help)

External links

Official Sites

Other Sites

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