Léon Chagnaud
Léon Chagnaud | |
|---|---|
| Born | Léon, Jean, Félicien Chagnaud 12 March 1866 Le Bourg-d'Hem, Creuse, France |
| Died | 31 July 1930 Champsanglard, Creuse, France |
| Resting place | Bonnat, Creuse, France |
| Alma mater | Ecole Nationale Supérieur d'Arts et Métiers |
| Occupation(s) | Businessman, politician |
| Spouse | Pauline Jouanny |
| Children | Charles Chagnaud Jeanne Lenormand |
| Parent(s) | Hippolyte Chagnaud Jeanne Chagnaud |
| Relatives | Philippe Fougerolle (brother-in-law) |
Léon Chagnaud (1866-1930) was a French businessman and politician.
Early life
[edit]Léon Chagnaud was born on 12 March 1866 in Le Bourg-d'Hem, rural France.[1][2] His father, Hippolyte Chagnaud, was a mason based in Guéret who owned quarries of granite which were used to pave some of the streets of Paris.[3] His mother was Jeanne Chagnaud.[2] His sister, Antoinette Chagnaud, married Philippe Fougerolle, a mason who founded Fougerolle,[1] a construction company acquired by Eiffage in 1992.
He graduated from the Arts et Métiers ParisTech engineering school in Châlons-sur-Marne.[2] His father died in 1891, when Chagnaud was 25.[2] He then did his military service.[2]
Career
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With his inheritance, Chagnaud founded Entreprise Chagnaud, a construction company.[2][3] In Paris, he built the Viaduct of Passy across the Seine as well as the Paris Métro Line 4 under the Seine, the railroad tracks from the Gare d'Austerlitz to the Gare d'Orsay, and the Opéra métro station.[2] In provincial France, he built locks of the Canal du Centre, the Rove Tunnel, the aqueduct of Achères, the Éguzon Dam.[2] He also built the Ghrib Dam in Oued Chorfa, and the Bou Hanifia Dam in Bou Hanifia, French Algeria.[3] Additionally, he built the Lötschberg Tunnel in Switzerland.[2]
Chagnaud purchased L'Écho de La Creuse, a regional newspaper.[2] He was also a large landowner in Creuse, Indre, and French Algeria.[2] He served on the board of directors of the Société des Mines de bitume et d'Asphalte du Centre (SMAC), which owned an asphalt mine in Pont-du-Château and pioneered the use of asphalt to build roads in France.[3] Additionally, he served on the Boards of Directors of two Moroccan companies: Omnium de Transports au Maroc and Ports Marocains.[3]
He served as a member of the French Senate from 1921 to 1930, representing Creuse.[1] He was a staunch supporter of Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré.[2] He ran for re-election in 1930, but lost his seat to François Binet.[3]
He became an Officer of the Legion of Honour.[2]
Personal life
[edit]He married Pauline Jouanny on 14 July 1875 in Bonnat.[2] They had a son, Charles Chagnaud, and a daughter, Mrs Jeanne Lenormand.[2] They resided at 83, Avenue Henri-Martin, in the 16th arrondissement of Paris.[2] They also owned two châteaux in La Creuse: the Château de Lasvy in Champsanglard, and the Château de Beauvais in Saint-Amand-Jartoudeix,[2] and another château in Indre: Château de Bélâbre.[3]
Death and legacy
[edit]He died at his Château de Lasvy in Champsanglard on 31 July 1930.[1] He was buried in Bonnat.[2] His son served in World War I and inherited the family business.[4] His company is now known as Chagnaud construction.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d French Senate: Léon Chagnaud
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Jean Gammal, Pascal Plas, Guy Avizou, Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Limousin sous la IIIe République: Creuse, Limoges: Presses Universitaires de Limoges, 2001, pp. 45-48
- ^ a b c d e f g Berthonnet, Arnaud (1999). "LÉON CHAGNAUD : UN ENTREPRENEUR INNOVATEUR DANS LE SECTEUR DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS (FIN XIX e -DÉBUT XX e SIÈCLE)". Histoire, Économie et Société. 18 (3): 613–642. doi:10.3406/hes.1999.2052. JSTOR 23613617.
- ^ Premiere Guerre Mondiale: Charles Chagnaud
- ^ Chagnaud construction, Bibliothèque nationale de France
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