Macaca majori

Macaca majori; Temporal range: Early Pleistocene
	Fossils
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Primates
Suborder:	Haplorhini
Infraorder:	Simiiformes
Family:	Cercopithecidae
Genus:	Macaca
Species:	†M. majori
Binomial name
	†Macaca majori; Schaub and Azzaroli, 1946
Synonyms
	Macaca sylvunus majori Azzaroli, 1946;

Macaca majori, commonly known as the dwarf macaque, is a prehistoric macaque from the Early Pleistocene of Sardinia, Italy.^[1] It descended from the Barbary macaque.^[2] Its temporal range spans from about 2 million to 0.8 million years ago, during the Nesogoral faunal complex, alongside the goat-antelope Nesogoral, the pig Sus sondaari, the hyena Chasmaporthetes, the pika Prolagus, the shrew Asoriculus, the mole Talpa tyrrhenica, the mustelid Pannonictis, and the dormouse Tyrrhenoglis.^[3]

The tooth microwear in Macaca majori indicates that M. majori likely fed on harder foods and occupied a different dietary niche compared to its mainland fossil relatives.^[4]

References

^ Fleagle, John G. (2013). Primate adaptation and evolution (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN 9780123786333.
^ Elton, Sarah; O'Regan, Hannah J. (15 July 2014). "Macaques at the margins: the biogeography and extinction of Macaca sylvanus in Europe" (PDF). Quaternary Science Reviews. 96: 117–130. Bibcode:2014QSRv...96..117E. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.04.025.
^ Palombo, Maria Rita; Rozzi, Roberto (10 April 2014). "How correct is any chronological ordering of the Quaternary Sardinian mammalian assemblages?". Quaternary International. 328–329: 136–155. Bibcode:2014QuInt.328..136P. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2013.09.046.
^ Plastiras, C. A.; Thiery, G.; Guy, F.; Alba, D. M.; Nishimura, T.; Kostopoulos, D. S.; Merceron, G. (2023). "Investigating the dietary niches of fossil Plio-Pleistocene European macaques: The case of Macaca majori Azzaroli, 1946 from Sardinia". Journal of Human Evolution. 185. 103454. Bibcode:2023JHumE.18503454P. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2023.103454. PMID 37977021. S2CID 265260157.

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[1] Fleagle, John G. (2013). Primate adaptation and evolution (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN 9780123786333.

[2] Elton, Sarah; O'Regan, Hannah J. (15 July 2014). "Macaques at the margins: the biogeography and extinction of Macaca sylvanus in Europe" (PDF). Quaternary Science Reviews. 96: 117–130. Bibcode:2014QSRv...96..117E. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.04.025.

[3] Palombo, Maria Rita; Rozzi, Roberto (10 April 2014). "How correct is any chronological ordering of the Quaternary Sardinian mammalian assemblages?". Quaternary International. 328–329: 136–155. Bibcode:2014QuInt.328..136P. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2013.09.046.

[4] Plastiras, C. A.; Thiery, G.; Guy, F.; Alba, D. M.; Nishimura, T.; Kostopoulos, D. S.; Merceron, G. (2023). "Investigating the dietary niches of fossil Plio-Pleistocene European macaques: The case of Macaca majori Azzaroli, 1946 from Sardinia". Journal of Human Evolution. 185. 103454. Bibcode:2023JHumE.18503454P. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2023.103454. PMID 37977021. S2CID 265260157.

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