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Maud Lewis

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Maud Lewis
Lewis in front of her home
Born
Maud Dowley

March 7, 1903 [citation needed]
South Ohio, Nova Scotia, Canada
DiedJuly 30, 1970(1970-07-30) (aged 67)
Digby, Nova Scotia, Canada
NationalityCanadian
Known forPainting
StyleFolk art
SpouseEverett Lewis

Maud Lewis (March 7, 1903 – July 30, 1970) was a Canadian folk artist[1][2] from Nova Scotia. She remains one of Canada's best known folk artists.

Early life

Lewis was born Maud Dowley on March 7, 1903 in South Ohio, Nova Scotia, the daughter of John and Agnes (Germain) Dowley.[3][4] She suffered from a result of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. In 1935, her father died and in 1937, her mother followed. As was typical at the time, her brother inherited the family home. After living with her brother for a short while, she moved to Digby, Nova Scotia to live with her aunt.[3] Dowley was introduced to art by her mother, who instructed her in the making of watercolour Christmas cards to sell.[5] She began her artistic career by selling hand-drawn and painted Christmas cards.

Marriage

Dowley married Everett Lewis, a fish peddler from Marshalltown, on January 16, 1938, at the age of 34.[6] According to Everett, Maud unexpectedly showed up at his door step in response to an advertisement he had posted in the local stores looking for a "live-in or keep house" for a forty year old bachelor. Several weeks later, they were married. They moved into Everett's one-room house with a sleeping loft in Marshalltown, a few miles west of Digby. This house would operate as Maud's studio, where Everett would perform all of the housework.[7] Lewis lived most of her life in poverty with her husband in the one-room house. The house is now located in the Art Gallery of Nova Scotia in Halifax.

Maud Lewis accompanied her husband on his daily rounds peddling fish, bringing along Christmas cards that she had drawn. She would sell the cards for twenty five cents each. These cards proved popular with her husband's customers as he sold fish door-to-door and encouraged her to begin painting. She started painting on various other surfaces such as pulp boards (beaverboards), cookie sheets, and Masonite. Lewis was a prolific artist and painted on more or less every available surface in their tiny home: walls, doors, breadboxes, and even the stove. She completely covered the simple patterned commercial wallpaper with sinewy stems, leaves, and blossoms.[8] Everett encouraged Lewis to paint, and he bought her her first set of oils.

Paintings

Maude Lewis Memorial in Marshalltown

Maud Lewis used bright colours in her paintings, and subjects were often of flowers, oxen teams, horses, birds, deer, or cats. Many of her paintings are of outdoor scenes, like Cape Island boats bobbing on the water, horses pulling sleigh, skaters, portraits of dogs, cats, deer, birds, and cows. Her paintings were inspired by childhood memories of the landscape and people around Yarmouth and South Ohio as well as Digby locations such as Point Prim and Bayview. Christmas cards and calendars also provided influence. Most of her paintings are quite small - often no larger than eight by ten inches, although she is known to have done at least five paintings 24 inches by 36 inches. The size was limited by the extent she could move her arms. She used mostly wallboard and tubes of Tinsol, an oil-based paint. Lewis's technique consisted of first coating the board with white, then drawing an outline and then applying paint directly out of the tube. She never blended or mixed colours.[9]

Early Maud Lewis paintings from the 1940s are quite rare. A large collection of Lewis' work can be found in the Art Gallery of Nova Scotia (AGNS). The AGNS occasionally displays the Chaplin/Wennerstrom shutters (now part of the Clearwater Fine Foods Inc. collection). This collection comprises twenty-two exterior house shutters that Lewis did in the early 1940s. The work was done for some Americans who owned a cottage on the South Shore. Most of the shutters are quite large, at 5 ft x 1 ft.6 inches. Lewis was paid 70 cents a shutter.

Between 1945 and 1950, people began to stop at Lewis' Marshalltown home on Highway No. 1, the main highway and tourist route in western Nova Scotia, and buy her paintings for two or three dollars. Only in the last three or four years of Lewis' life did her paintings begin to sell for seven to ten dollars. She achieved national attention as a result of an article in the Toronto-based Star Weekly in 1964, and in 1965, she was featured on CBC-TV's Telescope. Two of Lewis' paintings were ordered by the White House in the 1970s during Richard Nixon's presidency.[10] Unfortunately, her arthritis deprived her from completing many of the orders that resulted from the national exposure. In recent years, her paintings have sold at auction for ever increasing prices. Two of her paintings have sold for more than $16,000. The highest auction price so far is $22,200.00 for lot 196 "A Family Outing". The painting was sold at a Bonham's auction in Toronto on November 30, 2009. Another painting, "A View of Sandy Cove", sold in 2012 for $20,400.[11] A painting found in 2016, "Portrait of Eddie Barnes and Ed Murphy, Lobster Fishermen", at an Ontario thrift store sold in auction for almost three times its estimated price. The online auction ended May 19, 2017, and the painting, which was appraised at $16,000, went for $45,000.

Later life and death

In the last year of her life, Maud Lewis stayed in one corner of her house, painting as often as she could while travelling back and forth to the hospital. She died in Digby, Nova Scotia, on July 30, 1970.[12] Her husband Everett was killed when a burglar murdered him during an attempted robbery at the house in 1979.[13]

Maud Lewis House

After both the Lewises' deaths, the painted home began to deteriorate. In response, a group of concerned citizens from the Digby area started the Maud Lewis Painted House Society; their only goal was to save this landmark. In 1984, the house was sold to the Province of Nova Scotia and turned over to the care of Art Gallery of Nova Scotia (AGNS) in Halifax.[3] The AGNS restored her house and installed it in the gallery as part of a permanent Maud Lewis exhibit.

A steel memorial sculpture based on her house has been erected at the original site of her house in Marshalltown, Nova Scotia, designed by architect Brian MacKay-Lyons. A replica of the Maud Lewis House built by retired fisherman Murray Ross, complete with interior, was built in 1999 and is located a few kilometres north of Marshalltown on the road to Digby Neck in Seabrook.[14]

Further reading and other media

Maud Lewis is the subject of a book by Lance Woolaver, The Illuminated Life of Maud Lewis, and three National Film Board of Canada documentaries, Maud Lewis - A World Without Shadows (1976),[15] The Illuminated Life of Maud Lewis (1998), and I Can Make Art ... Like Maud Lewis (2005), a short film in which a group of Grade 6 students are inspired by Lewis' work to create their own folk art painting.[16]

In 2009, the Art Gallery of Nova Scotia in conjunction with Greg Thompson Productions presented a new Maud Lewis play on stage at the AGNS. A Happy Heart: The Maud Lewis Story was written and produced by Greg Thompson, the same writer and producer who brought Marilyn: Forever Blonde to the Art Gallery of Nova Scotia in January 2008. Thompson wrote the one-woman play while in Nova Scotia in 2008; the work examines the life and art of Maud Lewis. The play ran until October 25, 2009.

Screenwriter Sherry White wrote a script for a film about Lewis, entitled Maudie.[17] Maudie made its Canadian debut at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival. The film was directed by Aisling Walsh, and stars Sally Hawkins as Maud and Ethan Hawke as Everett Lewis.[18] The film was shot in Newfoundland instead of Nova Scotia because the Stephen McNeil government eliminated the province's film credit program.[19][20][21] The film's director found alternate locations in the Keels and Trinity Bay area to stand in for the Nova Scotian landscape of Maud Lewis' youth.[22]

See also

References

  1. ^ Roadshow-style drop-in comes to Ottawa Art Gallery". Ottawa Metro. Haley Ritchie, Sep 14 2015
  2. ^ "'The Snow Queen' takes on Canadian twist". CBC News Dec 04, 2014
  3. ^ a b c "Maud Lewis". Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  4. ^ Nova Scotia Historical Vital Statistics
  5. ^ "Digby County: A Journey Through Time". www.virtualmuseum.ca. Virtual Museum Canada. Retrieved 2015-03-07.
  6. ^ "Yarmouth promoting its Maud Lewis". John DeMings, Digby Courier, on June 07, 2014
  7. ^ Woolaver, Lance (1995). The Illuminated Life of Maud Lewis. Halifax: Nimbus Publishing Limited. pp. 16–21. ISBN 1-55109-176-3.
  8. ^ Laurie Hamilton, The Painted House of Maud Lewis Goose Lane Editions (2001), p. 34
  9. ^ "Women's work : a selection of work by 4 significant Nova Scotia artists : Maria Morris, Alice Hagen, Maud Lewis, Suzanne Swannie". Mount Saint Vincent University. Art Gallery. 1981.
  10. ^ Woolaver, Lance (1995). The Illuminated Life of Maud Lewis. Nimbus Publishing/Art Gallery of Nova Scotia. p. XVII. ISBN 1-55109-176-3.
  11. ^ Barnard, Elissa (28 November 2012). "Maud Lewis work fetches $20,000". Halifax Chronicle-Herald.
  12. ^ "45 Years ago". The Vanguard. Eric Bourque, August 04, 2015
  13. ^ Woolaver, Lance (1995). The Illuminated Life of Maud Lewis. Nimbus Publishing/Art Gallery of Nova Scotia. p. 81. ISBN 1-55109-176-3.
  14. ^ Whitehead, Jeanne (Dec 3, 2008). "Renewed appreciation for Maud Lewis replica". The Digby Courier. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  15. ^ "Maud Lewis: A World Without Shadows" (Requires Adobe Flash). Online documentary. National Film Board of Canada. 1976. Retrieved 18 March 2011.
  16. ^ Churchill, Jane (2005). "I Can Make Art ... Like Maud Lewis". National Film Board of Canada. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
  17. ^ "Maudie explores folk artist's love for another N.S. outsider". Halifax Chronicle-Herald. 26 February 2015.
  18. ^ "Maudie". Toronto International Film Festival. Retrieved 2 May 2017.
  19. ^ Barnard, Elissa (11 April 2017). "The movie that Maud built". Local Xpress. Retrieved 21 April 2017.
  20. ^ Thorne, Tara (12 April 2017). "Maudie: wrongly located, but beautifully shot". The Coast. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  21. ^ [https://www.halifaxexaminer.ca/province-house/epilogue-maudie-take-4/ Jennifer Henderson, "Epilogue, Maudie: Take 4", Halifax Examiner, May 31, 2017
  22. ^ Barnard, Elissa (11 April 2017). "The movie that Maud built". Local Xpress.
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