# Mean reciprocal rank

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The mean reciprocal rank is a statistic measure for evaluating any process that produces a list of possible responses to a sample of queries, ordered by probability of correctness. The reciprocal rank of a query response is the multiplicative inverse of the rank of the first correct answer: 1 for first place, ​12 for second place, ​13 for third place and so on. The mean reciprocal rank is the average of the reciprocal ranks of results for a sample of queries Q:[1][2]

${\displaystyle {\text{MRR}}={\frac {1}{|Q|}}\sum _{i=1}^{|Q|}{\frac {1}{{\text{rank}}_{i}}}.\!}$

where ${\displaystyle {\text{rank}}_{i}}$ refers to the rank position of the first relevant document for the i-th query.

The reciprocal value of the mean reciprocal rank corresponds to the harmonic mean of the ranks.

## Example

For example, suppose we have the following three sample queries for a system that tries to translate English words to their plurals. In each case, the system makes three guesses, with the first one being the one it thinks is most likely correct:

Query Proposed Results Correct response Rank Reciprocal rank
cat catten, cati, cats cats 3 1/3
tori torii, tori, toruses tori 2 1/2
virus viruses, virii, viri viruses 1 1

Given those three samples, we could calculate the mean reciprocal rank as (1/3 + 1/2 + 1)/3 = 11/18 or about 0.61.

If none of the proposed results are correct, reciprocal rank is 0. Please note that only the rank of the first relevant answer is considered, possible further relevant answers are ignored. If users are interested also in further relevant items, mean average precision is a potential alternative metric.

## References

1. ^ E.M. Voorhees (1999). "Proceedings of the 8th Text Retrieval Conference". TREC-8 Question Answering Track Report. pp. 77–82.
2. ^ D. R. Radev; H. Qi; H. Wu; W. Fan (2002). "Evaluating web-based question answering systems". Proceedings of LREC.