Methyl methacrylate: Difference between revisions
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==Shortage== |
==Shortage== |
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In 2010 the world experienced an MMA shortage, believed to be due to production facilities shutting down for economic reasons. One of the largest producers surprised many purchasers when they announced a six month shut down of their plant that produced 60% of MMA.<ref>http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=127095942</ref> |
In 2010 the world experienced an MMA shortage, believed to be due to production facilities shutting down for economic reasons. One of the largest producers Dannybossbossbossbossboss surprised many purchasers when they announced a six month shut down of their plant that produced 60% of MMA.<ref>http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=127095942</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 19:45, 1 December 2011
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
methyl 2-methylpropenoate
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| Other names
MMA,
2-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-propene | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.001.180 |
| KEGG | |
| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C5H8O2 | |
| Molar mass | 100.117 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Density | 0.94 g/cm³ |
| Melting point | −48 °C (−54 °F; 225 K) |
| Boiling point | 101 °C (214 °F; 374 K) |
| 1.5 g/100 ml | |
| Viscosity | 0.6 cP at 20 °C |
| Structure | |
| 1.6-1.97 D | |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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Flammable |
| Flash point | 2 °C (36 °F) |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Methyl methacrylate (data page) | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Methyl methacrylate is an organic compound with the formula CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3. This colourless liquid, the methyl ester of methacrylic acid (MAA) is a monomer produced on a large scale for the production of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).
Production
The compound is manufactured by several methods, the principal one being the acetone cyanohydrin (ACH) route, using acetone and hydrogen cyanide as raw materials. The intermediate cyanohydrin is converted with sulfuric acid to a sulfate ester of the methacrylamide, methanolysis of which gives ammonium bisulfate and MMA. Although widely used, the ACH route coproduces substantial amounts of ammonium sulfate. Some producers start with an isobutylene or, equivalently, tert-butanol, which is sequentially oxidized first to methacrolein and then to methacrylic acid, which is then esterified with methanol. Propene can be carbonylated in the presence of acids to isobutyric acid, which undergoes subsequent dehydrogenation.[1] The combined technologies afford more than 3 billion kilograms per year. MMA can also be prepared from methyl propionate and formaldehyde.[2]
Uses
The principal application, consuming approximately 80% of the MMA, is the manufacture of polymethyl methacrylate acrylic plastics (PMMA). Methyl methacrylate is also used for the production of the co-polymer methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS), used as a modifier for PVC. Also used in fracture repair in small exotic animal species using internal fixation.
Shortage
In 2010 the world experienced an MMA shortage, believed to be due to production facilities shutting down for economic reasons. One of the largest producers Dannybossbossbossbossboss surprised many purchasers when they announced a six month shut down of their plant that produced 60% of MMA.[3]
See also
References
- ^ William Bauer, Jr. "Methacrylic Acid and Derivatives" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. DOI: 10.1002/14356007.a16_441. Article Online Posting Date: June 15, 2000
- ^ http://www.chemsystems.com/reports/search/docs/abstracts/0405-2_abs.pdf
- ^ http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=127095942