Muhammad Torres
Muhammad Torres | |
|---|---|
محمد ابن العربي الطريس | |
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| Nationality | Morocco |
Muhammad ibn al-'Arabi at-Torres (Arabic: محمد ابن العربي الطريس; approximately 1820 - September 13, 1908)[1] was a diplomat, representative of the sultan in Tangier, and foreign minister of Morocco at the turn of the 20th century.[2] He was present at the 1906 Algeciras Conference, which established French preëminence among European powers in Morocco.[3]
Biography
[edit]He was qa'id of Casablanca from about 1880.[4]
He then assumed the position of Naib or representative of the sultan in Tangier in 1883, taking over for Muhammad Bargash.[5] The duties of this post involved interlocution between the Makhzen and the European diplomatic bodies in Tangier.
Envoy to the Vatican
[edit]Torres, sent by Sultan Hassan I to Pope Leo XIII, led the first Moroccan diplomatic mission to the Vatican in 1888.[6]
The position temporarily became less important from the death of Hassan I in 1894 until the death of Ba Ahmed in 1900, when his role of grand vizier was more important.[7]
Algeciras Conference
[edit]
He served as plenipotentiary representative of Sultan Abdelaziz at the Algeciras Conference of 1906, although Muhammad al-Muqri led the negotiations.[3][8] They encountered a number of challenges at the conference, chief among which was the matter of language, as they could not understand what was being said. They had to rely on an Algerian translator who was present in the service of France: Abdelqader Ben Ghabrit.[3]
Release of the Qa'id of Casablanca
[edit]Torres negotiated the release and return of Abu Bakr Ibn Abi Zaid as-Slawi, qa'id of Casablanca at the time of the French Bombardment of Casablanca August 1907.[9] as-Slawi had been taken to Algeria by force in the aftermath of the bombardment and invasion of Casablanca.[9]
Torres passed away in 1908, and was replaced by Muhammad al-Guebbas.
References
[edit]- ^ Les articles nécrologiques lui attribuent « 90 ans » (L'Humanité, 14 septembre 1908, p. 1) ou « environ 85 ans » (Le Matin, 14 septembre 1908, p. 3). Archived 2019-04-10 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "محمد بن العربي الطريس : وزير خارجية لأكثر من ربع قرن". 2018-03-08. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
- ^ a b c ""شروط الخزيرات" في أشهر مؤتمر قرر في مصير المغرب الحديث". Retrieved 2020-05-09.
- ^ Bulletin de la Société de géographie d'Alger et de l'Afrique du Nord, 3e trimestre 1909, p. 90.
- ^ Albert Cousin et Daniel Saurin, Le Maroc, Paris, Librairie du Figaro, 1905, p. 80-82.
- ^ "صفحات من تاريخ الوجود المسيحي بالمغرب". Retrieved 2020-05-09.
- ^ Albert Cousin et Daniel Saurin, Le Maroc, Paris, Librairie du Figaro, 1905, p. 80-82.
- ^ Le Radical, 14 septembre 1908, p. 2.
- ^ a b فيلالي، عبد (2006). التاريخ السياسي للمغرب العربي الكبير (in Arabic). ع.ك. الفيلالي،. ISBN 9789954870204. Archived from the original on 2020-05-20. Retrieved 2020-05-21.
