Ohangwena Region

This article is about the Region, the first-level administrative unit of Namibia. For the electoral constituency, see Ohangwena Constituency. For the suburb and former village of Ohangwena, see Helao Nafidi.

Ohangwena Region
Region
Location of the Ohangwena Region in Namibia
Country	Namibia
Capital	Eenhana
Government
• Governor	Usko Nghaamwa
Area
• Total	10,706 km2 (4,134 sq mi)
Population  (2011)
• Total	245,100
• Density	23/km2 (59/sq mi)
Time zone	South African Standard Time: UTC+1

Ohangwena is one of the fourteen regions of Namibia, its capital is Eenhana. The northern and western parts of the region are the most densely populated of this essentially subsistence agricultural region in which small scale mahangu cultivation and the keeping of cattle form the predominant activities. Although the region depends on rain fed agriculture, other crops can be established under intensive cultivation.

The main settlements in the region straddle the good paved road from the Angolan border to Ondangwa, where it joins the Oshakati-Tsumeb trunk road. The eastern part of the region possesses good grazing land, but the shortage of water and poor communications render it uninhabitable at present. There is a tarred road from Onhuno to Okongo that was recently completed, it is thought to greatly increase the area's agricultural potential.

In the north, Ohangwena borders Angola: the Cunene Province, except for a small border with Cuando Cubango Province in the far northeast. Domestically, it borders the following regions:

• Okavango - east
• Oshikoto - south
• Oshana - southwest
• Omusati - west

It is traversed by the northwesterly line of equal latitude and longitude.

The region comprises twelve constituencies:

• Eenhana
• Endola
• Engela
• Epembe
• Ohangwena
• Okongo
• Omulonga
• Omundaungilo
• Ondobe
• Ongenga
• Oshikango
• Oshikunde (created in 2013)

Economy and infrastructure

Ohangwena has 234 schools with a total of 90,703 pupils.

Demographics

According to the Namibia 2001 Population and Housing Census, Ohangwena had a population of 228,384 (124,823 females and 103,556 males or 83 males for every 100 females) growing at an annual rate of 2.4%. The fertility rate was 5.3 children per woman. 1% lived in urban areas while 99% lived in rural areas, and with an area of 10,703 km², the population density was 21.3 persons per km². By age, 15% of the population was under 5 years old, 33% between 5–14 years, 41% between 15–59 years, and 9% 60 years and older. The population was divided into 35,958 households, with an average size of 6.3 persons. 60% of households had a female head of house, while 40% had a male. For those 15 years and older, 59% had never married, 17% married with certificate, 9% married traditionally, 4% married concensually, 4% were divorced or separated, and 6% were widowed.

The most commonly spoken languages at home were Oshiwambo languages, spoken in 97% of households. For those 15 years and older, the literacy rate was 79%. In terms of education, 53% of girls and 47% of boys between the ages of 6-15 were attending school, and of those 15 years and older, 51% had left school, 23% were currently at school, and 23% had never attended.

In 2001 the employment rate for the labor force (43% of those 15+) was 64% employed and 36% unemployed. For those 15+ years old and not in the labor force (53%), 35% were students, 41% homemakers, and 24% retired, too old, etc. According to the 2012 Namibia Labour Force Survey, unemployment in the Ohangwena Region stood at 34.6%. The two studies are methodologically not comparable.

Among households, 78% had access to safe water but only 11% to improved sanitation (toilet facilities). 4% of the households have electricity for lighting, 72% access to radio, and 94% had wood or charcoal for cooking. In terms of households' main sources of income, 52% derived it from farming, 13% from wages and salaries, 5% cash remittances, 8% from business or non-farming, and 20% from pension.

For every 1000 live births there were 56 female infant deaths and 56 male. The life expectancy at birth was 45 years for females and 43 for males. Among children younger than 15, 5% had lost a mother, 11% a father, and 2% were orphaned by both parents. 5% of the entire population had a disability, of which 22% were deaf, 32% blind, 11% had a speech disability, 15% hand disability, 26% leg disability, and 5% mental disability.

Politics in Ohangwena region

The governor of Ohangwena Region is Usko Nghaamwa of the ruling SWAPO party. The region is one of the regions where many Namibian politicians are from, including former President Hifikepunye Pohamba, Hidipo Hamutenya (President of the Rally for Democracy and Progress, RDP), Minister of Environment and Tourism Pohamba Shifeta, founding member of SWAPO Mzee Kaukungwa and several other ministers and high-profile politicians.

A significant amount of fighting occurred in the region during the Namibian War of Independence. Just as Namibia was set for independence, fighting broke out on April 1, 1989 in the region between People's Liberation Army of Namibia combatants and soldiers in the occupying South African Defence Force. The resulting "9 day war" left many dead.

In the 2015 regional elections SWAPO won all twelve constituencies with 90% or more. The RDP managed to name opposition candidates in all constituencies but one, and the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA) in two.

Villages

• Ongenga, 47 kilometres (29 mi) from Oshakati and approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the Angolan border. As of 2011 the village was headed by Paulus Muxwangi Nghifilenya and the village counselor was Shimutwikeni Leonard. The village hosts about 10,000 inhabitants. There is a clinic, a church, community hall, sub-police station and three schools: Ongenga Primary School, Ongenga Junior School and Ongenga English Private School. Entrepreneurs established businesses such as salons, lodges, tailoring, Omahangu pounding machines and China shops.
• Onamahoka, approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) from the Angolan border. The village is headed by mr David Kasheshe. It has one combined school known as Onamahoka Combined School ruled by Ms Hambeleleni Shikulo and it also has multiples of pre-primary schools such as Okasheshe Kindergarten.