Oriflamme
The Oriflamme (from Latin aurea flamma, "golden flame") was the royal standard of the King of France.
It was originally the sacred banner of the Abbey of St. Denis,[1] a monastery near Paris. The banner was red or orange-red and flown from a lance. It was suggested that the lance was originally the important object, with the banner a decoration - but that this changed over time.[2] Its colour stems from the legend of it being dipped in the blood of the recently-beheaded St. Denis. The Oriflamme later became the royal standard of the King of France, and it was carried at the head of the king's forces whenever they met another army in battle. The bearer of the standard, the Porte Oriflamme, became an office (like that of Marshal or Constable) and a great honour, as it was an important and very dangerous job to take charge of such a visible symbol in battle.
It was mentioned in the eleventh century ballad the Chanson de Roland[3] as a royal banner, first called Romaine and then Montjoie.[4] It is mentioned as the banner of Charlemagne in Anne of Geierstein by Sir Walter Scott[5].
Notable Bearers of the Oriflamme
- Geoffroi de Charny - 14th century knight and author of several works on chivalry. Died at Poitiers defending the banner.
- Arnoul d'Audrehem - 14th century former Marshal of France.
References
- ^ Oriflamme Society
- ^ Heraldica.org
- ^ Verses 3093-5
- ^ Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- ^ p 271, Edinburgh edition