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Ostrobothnians

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Ostrobothnians
Coat of arms of the historical province of Ostrobothnia
Regions with significant populations
South, Central and North Ostrobothnia
Languages
Finnish (South, Central and Northern Ostrobothnian dialects)
Religion
Lutheranism (Awakening and Laestadianism)
Related ethnic groups
Other Finns

Ostrobothnians (Finnish: Pohjalaiset, IPA: [ˈpohjɑˌlɑi̯set]) are a subgroup (heimo) of the Finnish people who live in the areas of the historical province of Ostrobothnia in the northwestern parts of Finland.

History

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Ostrobothnians descend from Tavastians and Savonians, the latter started to settle in Ostrobothnia during the 1500s.[1][2]

A notable historical event involving the Ostrobothnians is the Cudgel War, in which peasants led by the local rebel leader Jaakko Ilkka rose in a revolt against the nobility during the Swedish rule.[3]

Dialects

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South Ostrobothnian dialect

The South Ostrobothnian dialect is characterized by the changed of /d/ in Finnish to /r/ in Ostrobothnia leh(e)ren (Finnish: lehden, lit.'leaf's'), the middle vowel in tylysä (Finnish: tylsä, lit.'boring') and the diphthongs uo, and ie changing into ua, and .[4]

Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects

The Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects have been influenced by the Savonian dialects. They have changed the written Finnish sound of /t͡s/ into /s:/ or /ʰt/ and the vowels -ea and -eä into -ia and -iä.[5]

Description and stereotypes

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The stereotypical Ostrobothnian is brave, calm and dependable.[6][7][8]

Many Ostrobothnians are either Laestadians,[9] or active in the Awakening movement (körttiläisyys).[10]

Notable Ostrobothnians

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Suomen heimojen peruspiirteet". Turun Sanomat (in Finnish). 2003-12-28. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  2. ^ Lappalainen, Tuuli; Koivumäki, Satu; Salmela, Elina; Huoponen, Kirsi; Sistonen, Pertti; Savontaus, Marja-Liisa; Lahermo, Päivi (2006). "Regional differences among the Finns: A Y-chromosomal perspective". Gene. 376 (2): 207–215. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2006.03.004. PMID 16644145. Geographically, Northern Ostrobothnia is in the west but it was populated from Eastern Finland during the 1500s, and is thus genetically regarded as an eastern province.
  3. ^ "Nuijasota oli hyvin verinen sisällissota – Kunnaksen uusi Koiramäki-kirja kertoo siitäkin lapsille sopivasti". Yle Uutiset (in Finnish). 25 October 2017. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  4. ^ "Eteläpohjalaisten murteiden piirteitä". sokl.uef.fi. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  5. ^ "Keski- ja pohjoispohjalaisia murrepiirteitä". sokl.uef.fi. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  6. ^ "Suomen heimojen peruspiirteet". Turun Sanomat (in Finnish). 2003-12-28. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  7. ^ "Professori Hannu Katajamäki: Pohjalaiset ymmärretään usein väärin". Studio55.fi (in Finnish). 2009-11-04. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  8. ^ "Heimoerot: pohjalaiset". yle.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  9. ^ "Lestadiolaiset pitävät Pohjois-Pohjanmaan väkiluvun kasvussa". Kaleva (in Finnish). Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  10. ^ "Körttiläiset". yle.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 2021-05-26.