Paniri
Paniri | |
---|---|
Highest point | |
Elevation | 5,960 m (19,550 ft)[1] |
Prominence | 1,653 m (5,423 ft)[1] |
Listing | Ultra |
Coordinates | 22°03′33″S 68°13′42″W / 22.05917°S 68.22833°W[2] |
Geography | |
Location | Antofagasta, Chile |
Parent range | Andes |
Geology | |
Mountain type | Stratovolcano |
Last eruption | Unknown |
Climbing | |
First ascent | pre-Columbian |
Paniri (Aymara) is a stratovolcano located in El Loa Province, Antofagasta Region, Chile, and near the border with Bolivia. To its northwest lie the twin volcanoes San Pedro and San Pablo, and to its southeast lies Cerro del León, from which it is separated by the huge Chao lava dome.
The volcano features lava flows, which are well preserved on the south-southwest flanks, and both a crater and a scoria cone on its summit. Paniri also shows evidence of glacier activity on its southeastern slope.[3] The volcano developed in four stages, the last two of which generated the main cone. One date obtained from the youngest stage is 400,000 years ago, with an uncertainty of 50,000 years.[4]
Claudio Lucero and Nelson Muñoz made the first recorded ascent of Paniri in 1972. They found archaeological remains on its summit.[5] The mountain is the sacred mountain for the village of Ayquina.[6]
Paniri is part of the San Pedro-Linzor volcanic chain, a chain of volcanoes formed by lava flows and pyroclastic flows. Composition of the rocks ranges from basaltic andesite and dacite.[7]
See also
- List of volcanoes in Chile
- San Pedro de Inacaliri River
- Salado River
- List of Ultras of South America
- List of andean peaks with known pre-columbian ascents
References
- ^ a b "Cerro Paniri, Chile". Peakbagger.com.
- ^ "Argentina and Chile, North: Ultra-Prominences" Peaklist.org. Retrieved 2012-04-28.
- ^ Francis, P.W.; Silva, S.L. De. "Application of the Landsat Thematic Mapper to the identification of potentially active volcanoes in the central Andes". Remote Sensing of Environment. 28: 245–255. doi:10.1016/0034-4257(89)90117-x.
- ^ Lazcano, J.; Godoy, B.; Aguilera, F.; Wilke, H. (2012-12-01). "Volcanological evolution of Paniri volcano, Central Andes, northern Chile". AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts. 21.
- ^ Humberto Barrera, "Paniri", American Alpine Journal, 1974, p. 194. Available at AAJ Online (PDF).
- ^ Castro, Victoria; Aldunate, Carlos (2003-02-01). "Sacred Mountains in the Highlands of the South-Central Andes". Mountain Research and Development. 23 (1): 73–79. doi:10.1659/0276-4741(2003)023[0073:SMITHO]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0276-4741.
- ^ Godoy, Benigno; Wörner, Gerhard; Kojima, Shoji. "Análisis de Inclusiones Fundidas de la Cadena Volcánica San Pedro – Linzor, Andes Centrales" (PDF). SERNAGEOMIN (in Spanish).
External links
- Media related to Paniri at Wikimedia Commons
- "Paniri". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.
- South American Summits Ranked By Re-Ascent