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Paul Vinogradoff

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Paul Gavrilovich Vinogradoff
Born18 November 1854 O.S.
Kostroma, Russian Empire
Died19 December 1925(1925-12-19) (aged 71)
Paris, France
OccupationHistorian, Educator
NationalityRussian (to 1918); British (from 1918)
SubjectMedieval Europe
Notable worksVillainage in England: Essays in English Medieval History
SpouseLouise Stang
ChildrenHelen, Igor

Sir Paul Vinogradoff (Russian: Па́вел Гаври́лович Виногра́дов, transliterated: Pavel Gavrilovich Vinogradov; 18 November 1854 (O.S.) in Kostroma, Russian Empire – 19 December 1925 in Paris, France) was a highly reputable Russian and British historian and medievalist.

Career

He became professor of history at the University of Moscow, but his zeal for the spread of education brought him into conflict with the authorities, and consequently he was obliged to leave Russia. Having settled in England, Vinogradoff brought a powerful and original mind to bear upon the social and economic conditions of early England, a subject which he had already begun to study in Moscow.[1]

In 1903 he was appointed Corpus Professor of Jurisprudence in the University of Oxford, and subsequently became a fellow of the British Academy. He received honorary degrees from the principal universities, was made a member of several foreign academies and was appointed honorary professor of history at Moscow.[1]

Books

Writing in 1911, the anonymous author of Vinogradoff's biography in the Encyclopædia Britannica thought that Vinogradoff's Villainage in England (1892) was perhaps the most important book written on the peasantry of the feudal age and the village community in England; it can only be compared for value with FW Maitland's Domesday Book and Beyond. In masterly fashion Vinogradoff here shows that the villein of Norman times was the direct descendant of the Anglo-Saxon freeman, and that the typical Anglo-Saxon settlement was a free community, not a manor, the position of the freeman having steadily deteriorated in the centuries just around the Norman Conquest. The status of the villein and the conditions of the manor in the 12th and 13th centuries are set forth with a legal precision and a wealth of detail which shows its author, not only as a very capable historian, but also as a brilliant and learned jurist.[1]

The 1911 author thought that almost equally valuable was Vinogradoff's essay on “Folkland” in vol. viii. of the English Historical Review (1893), which proved for the first time the real nature of this kind of land. Vinogradoff followed up his Villainage in England with The Growth of the Manor (1905) and English Society in the Eleventh Century (1908), works on the lines of his earlier book.[1]

In "Outlines in Historical Jurisprudence" (1920–22), Vinogradoff traces the development of basic themes of jurisprudence, including marriage, property, and succession, in six different types of society: the totemistic, the tribal, the ancient city state, the medieval system of feudalism and canon law, and modern industrial society.[1]

Works

Other

As editor

Articles

Notes

References

  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainAnonymous (1911). "Vinogradoff, Paul". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.