Psenidae
| Psenidae | |
|---|---|
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| Psen erythropoda | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Superfamily: | Apoidea |
| Family: | Psenidae A. Costa, 1858 |
| Synonyms | |
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Psenidae is a family of aphid wasps in the superfamily Apoidea formerly treated as the tribe Psenini.[1] There are 12 genera and at least 485 described species of Psenidae.[2]
Taxonomy and phylogeny
[edit]As Psenini, this taxon was previously treated as one of 4 tribes under the subfamily Pemphredoninae within Crabronidae. Following phylogenetic analyses Crabronidae was found to be paraphyletic due to the exclusion of Anthophila. As part of this revision, Pemphredoninae was also found to be polyphyletic and was split into 4 families. Psenini and Odontosphecini were combined and elevated to Psenidae. Ammoplanina (a subtribe of Pemphredonini) was elevated to Ammoplanidae, the remaining Pemphredonini to Pemphredonidae, and Entomosericini to Entomosericidae.[1][3]
Psenidae is the sister lineage to Ammoplanidae, while Pemphredonidae is sister to Philanthidae.[1]
Genera
[edit]These 12 genera belong to the family Psenidae:
- Ammopsen Krombein, 1959 i c g
- Deinomimesa Perkins, 1899 i c g
- Lithium Finnamore, 1987 i c g
- Mimesa Shuckard, 1837 i c g b
- Mimumesa Malloch, 1933 i c g b
- Nesomimesa R. Perkins in R. Perkins and Forel, 1899 i c g
- Odontopsen Tsuneki, 1964 i c g
- Odontosphex Arnold, 1951[1]
- Pluto Pate, 1937 i c g
- Psen Latreille, 1796 i c g b
- Pseneo Malloch, 1933 i c g b
- Psenulus Kohl, 1897 i c g b —
Data sources: i = ITIS,[4] c = Catalogue of Life,[5] g = GBIF,[6] b = Bugguide.net[7]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Sann, Manuela; Niehuis, Oliver; Peters, Ralph S.; Mayer, Christoph; Kozlov, Alexey; Podsiadlowski, Lars; Bank, Sarah; Meusemann, Karen; Misof, Bernhard; Bleidorn, Christoph; Ohl, Michael (2018). "Phylogenomic analysis of Apoidea sheds new light on the sister group of bees". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 18 (71). doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1155-8. PMC 5960199.
- ^ Pulawski, Wojciech J. (2024). "Catalog of Genera and Species". California Academy of Sciences Institute of Biodiversity. Retrieved 2024-08-25.
- ^ Sann, Manuela; Meusemann, Karen; Niehuis, Oliver; Escalona, Hermes E.; Mokrousov, Mikhail; Ohl, Michael; Pauli, Thomas; Schmid-Egger, Christian (2021). "Reanalysis of the apoid wasp phylogeny with additional taxa and sequence data confirms the placement of Ammoplanidae as sister to bees". Systematic Entomology. 46 (3): 558–569. doi:10.1111/syen.12475.
- ^ "Psenini Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
- ^ "Catalogue of Life". Retrieved 2018-03-26.
- ^ "GBIF". Retrieved 2018-03-26.
- ^ "Tribe Psenini". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
Further reading
[edit]- Gittins, Arthur R. (1969). "Revision of the Nearctic Psenini (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) I. Redescriptions and Keys to the Genera and Subgenera". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 95(1) pp. 49-76.
- Krombein, Karl V.; Hurd Jr., Paul D. Jr.; Smith, David R.; Burks, B.D., eds. (1979). "Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico". Smithsonian Institution Press. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Psenini at Wikimedia Commons
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