Renee Rabinowitz

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Renee Rabinowitz
Born
Renee Ginsberg Rabinowitz

1934 (age 89–90)
Belgium
Nationality (legal)Belgian
Other namesRenee Wagner
CitizenshipUnited States
Israel
Alma materUniversity of Chicago (MA, PhD)
Notre Dame Law School (JD)
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1991; died 2013)​
Children3
Scientific career
FieldsPsychology, Law
InstitutionsUniversity of Indiana
Colorado College

Renee Ginsberg Rabinowitz (born 1934)[1] is a Belgian-born Israeli-American psychologist and lawyer. In 2017, she successfully sued El Al after the airline forced her to move at the request of a Haredi Jewish man who refused to sit beside her due to his religious beliefs.

Early life and education

Renee Ginsberg Rabinowitz was born in 1934 in Belgium. She is a survivor of the Holocaust; her family fled Europe in 1941. Rabinowitz was raised in New York City as an Orthodox Jew.[2][3][4] She attended the University of Chicago where she earned a Master of Arts and doctorate in educational psychology.[5][6] Her 1969 Master's thesis was titled The perceived locus of control of reinforcements among sixth-grade Negro children.[7] Her 1974 dissertation was titled Personal Causation, Role-Taking, and Effectiveness with Peers: A Study of Social Competence in Elementary School Children.[6] Rabinowitz earned a law degree from Notre Dame Law School.[8]

Career

Rabinowitz taught psychology at Indiana University.[8] She later worked at Colorado College where she served in-house legal counsel.[8][9] She is a professional volunteer at the Israel Center for the Treatment of Psychotrauma.[8] As of 2016, Rabinowitz is a retired lawyer.[10]

El Al discrimination lawsuit

In December 2015, Rabinowitz was on an El Al flight from Newark, New Jersey, US to Tel Aviv, Israel. She was seated next to a Haredi Jewish man, who complained to an onboard flight attendant that he did not want to sit next to a woman because of his religious beliefs. As a result, Rabinowitz had to move seats.[2][3] After speaking to Anat Hoffman, director of the Israel Religious Action Center (IRAC), the organization filed a court case on her behalf for unlawful discrimination. IRAC represented Rabinowitz at the trial.[2][4] In June 2017, Rabinowitz was awarded 6,500 shekels (about $1,800). The trial also declared it unlawful for El Al to force women to move seats for religious reasons, and in violation of the Prohibition of Discrimination in Products law. The ruling required El Al to update its policy within 6 months to comply with Israeli discrimination law.[2][3][4][11] After the verdict, IRAC lawyer Riki Shapira Rosenberg said they expected this to be extended to other airlines.[11]

Related incidents

In 2018, the Israel Religious Action Center attempted to run an advertising campaign reminding Israeli women that they were not required to change seats at the request of men. The proposed advertisements were blocked by the authorities.[12] In the same year, NICE Ltd. CEO Barak Eilam criticised El Al after they forced women to move seats at the request of Haredi men. Speaking about the incident, IRAC said that the incident was a violation of Rabinowitz's court decision.[13]

Personal life

Rabinowitz had three children.[14] In November 1990, Rabinowitz married Rabbi Stanley M. Wagner of Denver, Colorado.[9] She gained two stepchildren through her marriage to Wagner. Rabinowitz and Wagner made aliyah to Israel in 2006 but frequently visit the United States.[15] He died on February 23, 2013.[14] As of 2017, Rabinowitz lives in an assisted-living facility in Jerusalem.[3]

Awards and honors

In 2016, Rabinowitz was included in the BBC 100 Women list of most influential women.[16]

Selected works

  • Rabinowitz, Renee G. (1978). "Internal-External Control Expectancies in Black Children of Differing Socioeconomic Status". Psychological Reports. 42 (3): 1339–1345.
  • Rabinowitz, Renee G. (1982). "Applicability of the Freedom of Information Act's Disclosure Requirements to Intellectual Property". Notre Dame Law Review. 57 (3).

References

  1. ^ "Rabinowitz, Renee Ginsburg 1934-". World Cat. Retrieved September 15, 2018. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  2. ^ a b c d Beaumont, Peter (June 22, 2017). "Israeli airline can't make women move seats for religious reasons, court rules". The Guardian. Retrieved June 22, 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d Kershner, Isabel (September 12, 2018). "Israeli Woman Who Sued El Al for Sexism Wins Landmark Ruling". New York Times. Retrieved September 12, 2018.
  4. ^ a b c Wootliff, Raoul (June 22, 2017). "In landmark ruling, El Al ordered to end policy of asking women to move seats". Times of Israel. Retrieved September 12, 2018.
  5. ^ Sommer, Allison Kaplan (June 22, 2017). "El Al Can No Longer Ask Passengers to Change Seats to Accommodate ultra-Orthodox Men, Israeli Court Rules". Haaretz. Retrieved September 15, 2018.
  6. ^ a b Rabinowitz, Renee (1974). "Personal Causation, Role-Taking, and Effectiveness with Peers: A Study of Social Competence in Elementary School Children". Retrieved September 15, 2018 – via ProQuest. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help); Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ Rabinowitz, Renee Ginsburg (1969). The perceived locus of control of reinforcements among sixth-grade Negro children (Thesis).
  8. ^ a b c d Brom, Danny; Pat-Horenczyk, Ruth; Ford, Julian D. (October 6, 2008). Treating Traumatized Children: Risk, Resilience and Recovery. Routledge. ISBN 9781134092154.
  9. ^ a b "Class News". The University of Chicago Magazine. April 1997. Retrieved September 15, 2018. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  10. ^ Chabin, Michele (February 29, 2016). "Israeli-American woman sues El Al after she was asked to change seats". Washington Post. Retrieved September 15, 2018. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  11. ^ a b Sharan, Jeremy (June 22, 2017). "ISRAELI COURT: HAREDI CALLS FOR WOMEN TO MOVE SEATS ON EL AL NOW ILLEGAL". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved September 12, 2018.
  12. ^ Baynes, Chris (April 4, 2018). "Israeli authorities block adverts urging female airline passengers not to move seats for ultra-Orthodox Jewish men". The Independent. Retrieved September 12, 2018.
  13. ^ Weiss, Mark (June 26, 2018). "Airline moves women from seats due to ultra-Orthodox passengers". Irish Times. Retrieved September 14, 2018.
  14. ^ a b Draper, Electa (March 8, 2013). "Rabbi Stanley Wagner memorial Monday at The Denver Synagogue". The Denver Post. Retrieved September 16, 2018.
  15. ^ "Rabbi Wagner leaves multifaceted legacy". Intermountain Jewish News. February 28, 2013. Retrieved September 16, 2018.
  16. ^ "BBC 100 Women 2016: Who is on the list?". BBC News. November 21, 2016. Retrieved September 12, 2018.
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