Road and Waterway Construction Service Corps
| Road and Waterway Construction Service Corps | |
|---|---|
| Väg- och vattenbyggnadskåren (VVK) | |
 | |
| Active | 1851–2010 |
| Allegiance | Sweden |
| Size | Corps |
| Insignia | |
| Banner |  |
Road and Waterway Construction Service Corps[1] (Template:Lang-sv, VVK) was during the years 1851-2010 a military corps of reserve personnel in the Swedish Army, who was responsible for in the case of war provide the Swedish Armed Forces with specially trained personnel to maintain positions in the field of civil engineering.
History
The Road and Waterway Construction Service Corps was established in 1851 as a military corps that primarily catered to the Swedish government's need for engineers for the planning and management of the so-called public works.[2] The corps sorted under the Ministry of Communications and had under the regulations issued on 22 December 1851 the purpose of assisting the National Swedish Road Board (Väg- och vattenbyggnadsstyrelsen) in its dealings with public works;[3] the officers of the corps could during the case of war be commanded to the engineering service in the Swedish Army. Concerning discipline, subordination and liability rules, the corps was under the jurisdiction of martial law. The corps was first set up only by certain officers of the Navy Mechanical Corps (Flottans mekaniska kår), the Army and the Navy, which had been employed in public companies and therein acquired practical skills.[3]
The training of corps officers occurred in 1846-78 at the Higher Artillery and Engineering Grammar School (Högre artilleri- och ingenjörläroverket) in Marieberg in Stockholm, but according royal letter on 12 June 1885 a special military course for aspirants to the corps was now organized.[3] To gain entry to this course required among other things that one had completed their final examination from the Royal Institute of Technology's Department of Civil Engineering. By royal letter on 19 October 1894 and 6 April 1900, new regulations had been provided for the military training. The corps officers were listed in accordance with the Royal Proclamation on 9 February 1906 to the Army's surplus staff.[3]
The regulations in 1922 for entry into the corps were; to have completed the four-year syllabus of the training school (fackskola) for civil engineering at the Royal Institute of Technology, and from there have obtained full leaving certificate; after completing military service, have undergone a 7 1/2 months long practical and theoretical course in artillery and fortification et cetera at the Svealand Engineer Corps or be a reserve officer in the Fortifications (Fortifikationen); and after completing the course at the Royal Institute of Technology, have served at least 3 years at any public work or investigation function as well as to have evinced qualities, required for management of larger companies.[3] During the early 1920s, 10 new corps officers were appointed annually. In 1921 the corps consisted of 221 officers. Of these, one was colonel (who was also the Director General of the National Swedish Road Board), seven lieutenant colonels, 34 majors, 102 captains and 77 lieutenants.[3]
The development of this corps formed the basis for civil engineering education in Sweden and subsequently the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. Also the Swedish Transport Administration has its roots in the corps.[2] The corps later sorted under the Chief of the Amy and the head was a colonel 1st rank. The deputy head was a colonel. The rest of the corps staff held the ranks of lieutenant colonel, major, lieutenant or captain.[4] Since 1937 the Road and Waterway Construction Service Corps has been a reserve officer corps.[2] The corps was decommissioned on 30 September 2010 and the corps officers civil-military expertise in the infrastructure field was then transferred to Götaland Engineer Regiment (Ing 2) in Eksjö. A ceremonial handover took place in mid-August 2010. The corps had during decommissioning 84 active officers.[2]
Tasks
The Road and Waterway Construction Service Corps had the task of in the case of war to provide the Swedish Armed Forces with specially trained personnel to maintain positions, which required insight in civil engineering, and if that conveniently can take place, also in peace time provide the Swedish Armed Forces agencies counsel in matters that require access to particular expertise in civil engineering, to keep records of those who have completed university's civil engineering programme or have equivalent competence and other useful techniques in civil engineering for the Swedish Armed Forces, and in cooperation with the Enrollment Administration of the Swedish Armed Forces (Värnpliktsverket) and other relevant agencies of the Swedish Armed Forces propose both selection for the needs of the Swedish Armed Forces of a necessary number of technicians in civil engineering as measures for this personnel's appropriate activity during heightened preparedness.[4]
Heads
Until 1934, the head of the Road and Waterway Construction Service Corps was also the Director General of the National Swedish Road Board (Väg- och vattenbyggnadsstyrelsen).
- 1851–1856 – Axel Erik von Sydow
- 1858–1877 – Otto Modig
- 1877–1887 – Carl Gottreich Beijer
- 1887–1887 – Rudolf Cronstedt
- 1887–1893 – Josef Richert
- 1893–1903 – Lars Berg
- 1903–1924 – Fridolf Wijnbladh
- 1924–1928 – Carl Meurling
- 1926–1932 – Fredrik Enblom
- 1932–1932 – Richard Ekwall
- 1933–1934 – Nils Bolinder (acting)
- 1934–1946 – Ernst Lindh
- 1946–1951 – Agne Sandberg
- 1952–1963 – Tord Lindblad
- 1963–1971 – Torsten R. Åström
- 1971–1982 – Anders Lilja
- 1982–1987 – Harald Alexandersson
- 1987–2000 – ?
- 2000–2007 – Hans Engebretsen
- 2008–2010 – Sven-Erik Delsenius
References
- ^ Gullberg, Ingvar E. (1977). Svensk-engelsk fackordbok för näringsliv, förvaltning, undervisning och forskning [A Swedish-English dictionary of technical terms used in business, industry, administration, education and research] (in Swedish) (2nd ed.). Stockholm: Norstedt. p. 1698. ISBN 91-1-775052-0. SELIBR 8345587.
- ^ a b c d Gustafsson, Peter (17 September 2010). "Kårkompetens lever vidare" [Corps competence lives on] (in Swedish). Swedish Armed Forces. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f Westrin, Theodor, ed. (1922). Nordisk familjebok: konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi (in Swedish). Vol. 33 (New, rev. and richly ill. ed.). Stockholm: Nordisk familjeboks förl. p. 76. SELIBR 8072220.
- ^ a b "Kungörelse (1962:322) angående väg- och vattenbyggnadskåren: SFS 1962:322" (in Swedish). Riksdag. 1962-06-06. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
Further reading
- Kungl väg- och vattenbyggnadskåren 1851-1901: minnesskrift med anledning af kårens femtioåriga tillvaro (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. 1904. SELIBR 1928160.
- Meurling, Carl; Smedberg, Richard, eds. (1926). Kungliga Väg- och vattenbyggnadskåren 1851 22/12 1926: festskrift med anledning av dess 75-åriga tillvaro (in Swedish). Stockholm: Väg- och vattenbyggnadsklubben. SELIBR 8225815.
- Smedberg, Richard, ed. (1937). Kungliga Väg- och vattenbyggnadskåren 1851-1937 (in Swedish). Stockholm: utg. SELIBR 2108990.
- Ekelund, Sten D., ed. (1951). Kungl. Väg- och vattenbyggnadskåren 1851-1951: [minnesskrift utg. vid Kungl. Väg- och vattenbyggnadskårens 100-årsjubileum] (in Swedish). Stockholm: utg. SELIBR 1468701.