Robert Summers (economist)
Robert Summers (June 22, 1922 – April 17, 2012)[1][2] was an American economist and professor at the University of Pennsylvania, where he taught from 1960. A widely cited early work by Summers is on the small-sample statistical properties of alternate regression estimators where analytical measures are unavailable.[3]
Summers received his Ph.D. from Stanford University.
He was part of a team at Penn that developed estimates of national income and output across countries which adjust GDP and components for purchasing power parity in the cost of goods and services among different countries,[4][5] later termed the Penn World Table. This yielded large, systematic differences from the common method of using only international exchange rates to convert national products to a common currency. For that work, Summers and Alan Heston were recognized as American Economic Association Distinguished Fellows for 1998.[6]
Prior to joining the Penn faculty, Summers was on the faculty at Yale University.[7]
Robert Summers was married to Anita Summers. Their son is Lawrence Summers. Robert Summers' brother was Paul Samuelson. (Their older brother Harold, a lawyer, changed his name to Summers in his youth, and Robert did the same.[8]) Lawrence Summers also is a noted economist, as were Samuelson, Anita Summers, and her brother Kenneth Arrow.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Lin, Jennifer (18 April 2012). "Robert Summers, 89, Penn economics professor". Philly.com. Archived from the original on November 22, 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
- ^ Summers, Robert. "Death Index". Genealogy bank. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
- ^ Summers, Robert (1965). "A Capital Intensive Approach to the Small Sample Properties of Various Simultaneous Equation Estimators" (PDF). Econometrica. 33 (1): 1–41. doi:10.2307/1911887. JSTOR 1911887.
- ^ Irving B. Kravis, Alan W. Heston, and Robert Summers (1978). "Real GDP Per Capita for More Than One Hundred Countries," Economic Journal, 88(350), p p. 215-242.
- ^ Robert Summers and Alan Heston (1991). "The Penn World Table (Mark 5): An Expanded Set of International Comparisons, 1950-1988," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(2), p p. 327-368.
- ^ "American Economic Association".
- ^ Richard Bradley. Harvard Rules: The Struggle for the Soul of the World's Most Powerful University. p. 4
- ^ Kilborn, Peter T. (5 June 1988). "THE ECONOMISTS BEHIND THE CANDIDATES; Summers: A Legacy of Liberalism". The New York Times.
External links
[edit]- "Robert Summers: American Economics Association Distinguished Fellow Citation, 1998"
- Mark Blaug and Howard R. Vane (2003). Who's Who in Economics, pp. 811–812.
- "Robert Summers". EconPapers.
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