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Route panorama

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Route panorama is a continuous 2D image that includes all the scenes visible from a route, as it first appeared in Zheng and Tsuji′s work of panoramic views in 1990.[1] Different from a local panorama at a static viewpoint, a digital route panorama is constructed from partial views at consecutive viewpoints along a path.[2] A general approach to obtain such a complete route panorama is to use a line camera or slit camera mounted on a vehicle moving along the path smoothly. The camera scans temporal scenes in the side direction of the path and connect them to the spatial image. This is realized by a program that processes temporal image data or video data in a computer. The route panorama can extend to a long distance for indexing scenes and navigation on the Internet. The long image can further be transmitted to and be scrolled on computer screens or handheld devices as moving panorama for access of geospatial locations, navigation, georeferencing,[3] etc.

Mathematically, the route panorama employs a parallel-and-perspective projection [4] that is a continuous and extreme case of multi-perspective view to pixel lines. It may have the aspect ratio of an object different from what a normal perspective projection generates. In addition, a video camcorder is used to produce the route panorama by taking only one pixel line in the video frame at a time with the auto-exposure function of the camcorder and shaking removal function using the inter-frame matching.

If the depth of scenes from the path has a dominant layer, a route panorama can also be created on that layer by stitching discrete photos consecutively taken along the path [5] using Photomontage. Under the same circumstance, a dynamic slit selected in the video frame can generate a route panorama with less shape distortion.[6][7]

A route panorama image captured with a video camera on a vehicle along Alabama St. Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
Ancient painting scroll: Along the River During Qingming Festival, 18th century remake of a 12th century original by Chinese artist Zhang Zeduan.

See also

References

  1. ^ Jiang Yu Zheng, Saburo Tsuji, Panoramic representation for route recognition by a mobile robot, International Journal of Computer Vision 9(1): 55-76 (1992)
  2. ^ Jiang Yu Zheng, Digital Route Panorama, IEEE Multimedia, 10(3): 57-67 (2003)
  3. ^ Jiang Yu Zheng, Min Shi: Mapping cityscapes into cyberspace for visualization. Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation 16(2): 97-107 (2005)
  4. ^ Jiang Yu Zheng, Yu Zhou, Panayiotis Mili Scanning Scene Tunnel for City Traversing, IEEE Trans. on Visualization and Computer Graphics 12(2) (March 2006), 155 - 167, 2006
  5. ^ Aseem Agarwala et. al. Photographing long scenes with multi-viewpoint panoramas, SIGGRAPH06, 2006
  6. ^ Augusto Román, Hendrik P.A. Lensch, Automatic Multiperspective Images Eurographics Symposium on Rendering (2006)
  7. ^ Alex Rav-Acha, Giora Engel and Shmuel Peleg, Minimal Aspect Distortion (MAD) Mosaicing of Long Scenes, International Journal of Computer Vision 78(2-3), 187-206, 2008
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