Tadj ol-Molouk
| Tadj ol-Molouk | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||
| Queen Consort of Iran | |||||
| Tenure | 15 December 1925 – 16 September 1941 | ||||
| Born | 17 March 1896 Baku, Russian Empire (now in Azerbaijan) | ||||
| Died | 10 March 1982 (aged 85) Acapulco, Mexico | ||||
| Spouse | Reza Shah | ||||
| Issue | Princess Shams Mohammad Reza Shah Princess Ashraf Prince Ali Reza I | ||||
| |||||
| House | House of Pahlavi | ||||
| Father | Teymūr Khan Ayromlou | ||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||
Tadj ol-Molouk (born Nimtaj Ayromlou; 17 March 1896 – 10 March 1982) was Queen consort of Iran as the wife of Reza Shah, founder of the Pahlavi dynasty and Shah of Iran between 1925 and 1941. The title she was given after becoming Queen means "Crown of the Kings" in the Persian language. She was the daughter of Brigadier General Teymūr Khan Ayromlou.[1]
Biography
Tadj ol-Molouk (Nimtaj Ayromlou) was the first Queen of Iran to have played a public role, and to have performed an official position out in public society. She played an important part in the abolition of the veil in Iran during the reign of her husband. In the winter of 1934, Reza Shah demanded the presence of the Queen and the two princesses in an official ceremony at the Tehran Teacher's College. All three were present at this ceremony and were dressed in Western clothes, without a veil. This was the first time an Iranian queen showed herself in public. Afterwards, the Shah had pictures of his wife and daughters published; other men were ordered to unveil their wives and daughters. With this, the veil was abolished. Reza Shah was deposed in 1941.
Queen Nimtaj had four children: Shams Pahlavi, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran, and his twin sister Ashraf, and Ali Reza Pahlavi I.[2]
Before the 1979 revolution, Tadj ol-Molouk was sent by Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to the house of Shams Pahlavi in Beverly Hills.[3] She arrived in Los Angeles on 30 December 1978 abroad an Imperial Iranian Air Force Boeing 747.[4] Soon after her arrival, on 2 January 1979, Iranian students in the city attacked the house and attempted to burn it.[3][5] Then she and her daughter took refuge at the Palm Springs estate of Walter Annenberg, former US ambassador to the United Kingdom.[3]
She died in Acapulco (Mexico) on 10 March 1982[6] after a lengthy battle with leukemia seven days before her 86th birthday.
Titles, styles and honours
| Styles of Queen Tadj ol-Molouk of Iran | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Reference style | Her Imperial Majesty |
| Spoken style | Your Imperial Majesty |
| Alternative style | Ma'am |
Titles
- 1896–1918: Miss Nimtaj Ayromlou
- 1918–1925: Mrs Reza Khan
- 1925–1941: Her Majesty The Queen of Iran
- 1941–1982: Her Majesty The Queen Mother of Iran
Honours
National honours
House of Pahlavi: Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the Light of the Aryans[1][7][8][9][10]- House of Pahlavi: Former Grand Mistress Dame Grand Cordon of the Order of Aftab[11][12][13]
- House of Pahlavi: Former Grand Mistress Dame Grand Cordon of the Order of the Pleiades, 1st Class[1]
- House of Pahlavi: Recipient of the Emperor Reza Shah I Coronation Medal
- House of Pahlavi: Recipient of the Persepolis Medal
- House of Pahlavi: Recipient of the Commemorative Medal of the 2,500 year Celebration of the Persian Empire
- House of Pahlavi: Recipient of the Emperor Reza Shah I Centennial Medal
Foreign honours
Egyptian Royal Family: Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the Virtues, Supreme Class[1][14][15]
References
- ^ a b c d "Royal Ark". royalark.net. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
- ^ Cyrus Ghani; Sīrūs Ġanī (6 January 2001). Iran and the Rise of the Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power. I.B.Tauris. p. 194. ISBN 978-1-86064-629-4. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
- ^ a b c Scott, Lois (24 February 1980). "The Shah's dawnfall". The Victoria Advocate. Retrieved 5 November 2012.
- ^ Kent, Thomas (30 December 1978). "Shah looking for way out Iran". Williamson Daily News. Tehran. AP. Retrieved 5 November 2012.
- ^ "Riots force Shah's mother to leave house". Boca Raton News. Beverly Hills. AP. 3 January 1979. Retrieved 5 November 2012.
- ^ "Late Shah's mother dies". Gadsden Times. Paris. AP. 16 March 1982. Retrieved 5 November 2012.
- ^ http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-1jOMYIJ01qQ/T4mdyjhUnVI/AAAAAAAAAuA/9DG6grpHCOE/s1600/419953_182522521856399_100002959562453_275887_439297286_n.jpg
- ^ http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Xq4fitorv7s/T3MmHf6Mj1I/AAAAAAAAAQI/IyUeeB1xQOM/s1600/opera4.jpg
- ^ "All sizes | The Pahlavi Family,Royal Family of Iran | Flickr - Photo Sharing!". Flickr. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
- ^ http://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/coronation-of-the-shah-and-farah-diba-téhéran-27-octobre-news-photo/166481664
- ^ http://iranian.com/main/files/blogimages/shahsmother.jpg
- ^ https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3322/3626594174_e8070b2e39_b.jpg
- ^ http://danamotor.ir/Reza_Shah_Tajolmoluk.jpg
- ^ "Image: Reza_Shah_Tajolmoluk.jpg, (409 × 515 px)". fouman.com. 2 April 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
- ^ "Image: 8512151874_3f4e043e90_b.jpg, (1024 × 603 px)". c1.staticflickr.com. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
- (fr) Yves Bomati et Houchang Nahavandi : Mohammad Réza Pahlavi, le dernier shah - 1919–1980 . Editions Perrin, Paris, 2013. ((ISBN 2262035873)) ((EAN 978-2262035877))
External links
- Use dmy dates from November 2012
- Use dmy dates from October 2012
- 1896 births
- 1982 deaths
- Iranian Azerbaijani politicians
- Iranian women royalty
- Pahlavi dynasty
- Supreme Classes of the Order of the Virtues (Egypt)
- People from Baku
- Imperial Russian emigrants to Iran
- Iranian Shia Muslims
- Ethnic Azerbaijani Shia Muslims
- First Classes of the Order of the Pleiades (Iran)
- Exiles of the Iranian Revolution in the United States
- Iranian emigrants to the United States
- Exiles of the Iranian Revolution in Mexico