Jump to content

The Highway, London

Coordinates: 51°30′35″N 0°03′28″W / 51.5097°N 0.0579°W / 51.5097; -0.0579
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 185.113.42.70 (talk) at 15:21, 15 August 2018 (→Location: Deleted a wrong post code. E98 doesn’t exist in London.). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

For other Highways, see Highway (disambiguation).

51°30′35″N 0°03′28″W / 51.5097°N 0.0579°W / 51.5097; -0.0579

The Highway
The Highway near the junction of Garnet Street
Former name(s)Ratcliffe Highway
Length1.4 mi (2.3 km)
LocationLondon Borough of Tower Hamlets, United Kingdom
Postal codeE1
West endTower Hill
East endLimehouse
Other
Known forRatcliff Highway murders

The Highway, formerly known as the Ratcliffe Highway, is a road in the East End of London.

The route dates back to Roman times. In the 19th century it had a notorious reputation for vice and crime and was the location of the infamous Ratcliff Highway murders. The name "Ratcliffe" literally means "red cliff", referring to the red sandstone cliffs which descended from the plateau on which the road was situated down to the Wapping Marshes to the south.

Location

The Highway runs west-east from the eastern edge of London's financial district, the City of London, to Limehouse. It runs parallel to and south of Commercial Road, the Docklands Light Railway and Cable Street. It connects East Smithfield and the Limehouse Link tunnel.

The road forms an unofficial boundary of Wapping, which lies between the River Thames and The Highway. It is also close to Shadwell Basin to the southeast, Tower Hill to the west, and Whitechapel and Stepney to the north.

The Highway is in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, in postal districts E1 and E1W. It lies within the parliamentary constituencies of Bethnal Green and Bow and Poplar and Canning Town.

History

The Ratcliffe (sometimes Ratcliff) Highway was probably originally a Roman road, running east from the City of London, London's historic core, along the top of a plateau near the edge of the eponymous "red cliff" which descended onto the low-lying tidal marshes of Wapping to the south.

Jamrach, the famous dealer in wild animals. According to one source the animals (including lions) were kept in cages in the basement.[1]

In the late 1800s Charles Jamrach, then the world's most renowned dealer in wild animals, opened Jamrach's Animal Emporium on The Highway. The store became the largest pet store in the world as seafarers moored at the Port of London sold any exotic animals they had brought with them to Jamrach, who in turn supplied zoos, menageries and private collectors. At the north entrance to the nearby Tobacco Dock stands a bronze sculpture of a boy standing in front of a tiger, commemorating an incident where a fully-grown Bengal tiger escaped from Jamrach's shop into the street and picked up and carried off a small boy, who had approached and tried to pet the animal having never seen such a big cat before. The boy escaped unhurt after Jamrach gave chase and prised open the animal's jaw with his bare hands. The tale was the inspiration for the 2011 novel Jamrach's Menagerie by British author Carol Birch.[2]

By 1908 Ratcliff Highway had different names for each of its sections. From west to east these ran: St. George's Street East, High Street (Shadwell), Cock Hill, and Broad Street. The whole of the central area of The Highway was named after St. George in the East church and the parish of St. George in the East.

A Roman bath house was excavated in 2004 by the junction of The Highway and Wapping Lane. The discovery of women's jewellery along with soldiers' possessions suggested that this location outside of the Roman walls allowed less restricted use of the baths than those in the City itself. The remains of the baths and under-floor heating system were re-buried (for later archaeologists) under the car-park of a development of new apartments.

Landmarks

Listed from west to east:

Transport

Road

The Highway is a major arterial route into and out of the City of London and can become heavily congested during rush hour. There are two lanes in each direction throughout its length. It lies outside of the London congestion charge zone (CCZ).

Bus

There are few bus stops on The Highway, but London Buses routes 100 and D3 pass along short lengths of it. Route 100 connects to Shadwell, Liverpool Street, St. Paul's and Elephant and Castle, while D3 connects to the Isle of Dogs, Limehouse, Shadwell and Bethnal Green.

Rail

The following stations are located on or near The Highway, all in Transport for London's fare zone 2:

Docklands Light Railway stations:

People

Some names associated with the area include:

Blue plaque for Captain James Cook, who lived in the area.
  • Captain James Cook (1728–1779), explorer and cartographer, who lived in the area from 1763 to 1765 and baptised some of his children at St. Paul's Church, Shadwell. A blue plaque commemorates him at No. 326, The Highway. (A slate plaque also marks another of his homes at No. 88, Mile End Road.)
  • Jane Randolph (1720–1776), mother of Thomas Jefferson, was baptised at St. Paul's Church, Shadwell
  • John Wesley (1703–1791), the famous cleric, who preached at St. Paul's Church, Shadwell
  • Nicholas Hawksmoor (1661–1736), the architect who designed the church of St. George in the East

The following people inspired some local street names:

Neighbouring streets

West of The Highway:

North of The Highway, from west to east:

  • Cable Street – runs parallel to The Highway
  • Dock Street
  • Ensign Street – formerly Wells Street (1862)
  • Hard's Place – a path between Wellclose Square and the south end of Ensign Street
  • Grace's Alley – formerly Gracie's Alley, a path between Wellclose Square and the north end of Ensign Street, and home to Wilton's Music Hall
  • Wellclose Square
  • Swedenbourg Gardens
  • Betts Street – formerly connected Cable Street to The Highway
  • Crowder Street – formerly Denmark Street
  • Cannon Street Road
  • Dellow Street
  • Solander Gardens
  • King David Lane
  • Juniper Street – formerly Juniper Row
  • Tarbert Walk
  • Redcastle Close – formerly Carriage Way
  • Glamis Road
  • Glamis Place
  • Brodlove Lane – formerly Love Lane
  • Elf Row – formerly Elm Row
  • Glasshouse Fields – formerly Glasshouse Street
  • Schoolhouse Lane
  • Heckford Street – formerly Burlington Place, a trades wholesaler park
  • Ratcliffe Orchard – formerly The Orchard

East of The Highway:

South of The Highway, from west to east:

  • Vaughan Way
  • Telford's Yard
  • Artichoke Hill – the escape route for the Ratcliff Highway murderers
  • Chigwell Hill
  • Pennington Street
  • Wapping Lane – formerly Old Gravel Lane
  • Sovereign Close
  • Princes Court
  • West Gardens
  • Rum Close
  • Garnet Street – formerly New Gravel Lane
  • Newlands Quay – formerly Elbow Lane
  • Maynards Quay
  • Glamis Road
  • Pear Tree Lane – formerly Fox's Lane, now named after The Pear Tree, the inn where the second Ratcliff Highway murders took place
  • Shadwell Basin
  • Jardine Road
  • Rialto Avenue

References

  1. ^ Frank T. Bullen, "With Christ in Sailor Town", (Hodder & Stoughton: London), 1901, p.35.
  2. ^ "BBC - Tiger snatch tale inspires Docklands novel".
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Highway,_London&oldid=855046903"