Trucial States
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Trucial States | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1820–1971 | |||||||||||||||||||||
.svg) Flag of the Trucial States Council. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Status | Protectorates of the United Kingdom | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||||||||
• General Treaty of Peace | 8 January 1820 | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Perpetual Maritime Truce | 1853 | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Trucial States Council | 1952 | ||||||||||||||||||||
• End of Protectorate | 1 December 1971 | ||||||||||||||||||||
• United Arab Emirates | 2 December 1971 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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The Trucial States (also known as Trucial Oman, the Trucial Coast, and the Trucial Sheikhdoms) were a group of sheikhdoms in the Persian Gulf. The sheikdoms included:
- Abu Dhabi (1820 – 1971)
- Ajman (1820 – 1971)
- Dubai (1820 – 1971)
- Sharjah (1820 – 1971)
- Umm al-Quwain (1820 – 1971)
- Ras al-Khaimah (1822 – 1972)
- Dibba (1871 – 1951)
- Hamriyah (1875 – 1922)
- Fujairah (1902 – 1971)
- Kalba (1903 – 1952)
- Heera (1915 – 1942)
The sheikdoms permanently allied themselves with the United Kingdom by the Perpetual Maritime Truce of 1853. The states formally became British protectorates in 1892. In 1952, the Trucial States Council was established to encourage co-operation between the seven remaining sheiks.
The United Kingdom announced its intention to end its protectorate over the Trucial Coast in 1968. The sheikdoms attempted to establish a federation with Qatar and Bahrain, but it ultimately failed to materialize. The British government terminated its treaty relationship on 1 December 1971, leading to the independence of the seven states. The next day, Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Sharjah, and Umm al-Quwain united to form the United Arab Emirates. Ras al-Khaimah joined on 11 February 1972.