List of ambassadors of the United States to Turkmenistan
| Ambassador of the United States to Turkmenistan | |
|---|---|
 Seal of the United States Department of State | |
| Nominator | Barack Obama |
| Inaugural holder | Joseph S. Hulings, III as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary |
| Formation | August 11, 1992 |
| Website | U.S. Embassy - Ashgabat |
The following is a list of United States ambassadors to Turkmenistan. Note: The United States recognized Turkmenistan on December 25, 1991, and established diplomatic relations on February 19, 1992. Embassy Ashkabad (now Ashgabat) was established March 17, 1992, with Jeffrey White as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim.
Ambassadors
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U.S. diplomatic terms |
|---|
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Career FSO After 1915, The United States Department of State began classifying ambassadors as career Foreign Service Officers (FSOs) for those who have served in the Foreign Service for a specified amount of time. Political appointee A person who is not a career foreign service officer, but is appointed by the president (often as a reward to political friends). Appointed The date that the ambassador took the oath of office; also known as "commissioning". It follows confirmation of a presidential appointment by the Senate, or a Congressional recess appointment by the president. In the case of a recess appointment, the ambassador requires subsequent confirmation by the Senate to remain in office. Presented credentials The date that the ambassador presented his letter of credence to the head of state or appropriate authority of the receiving nation. At this time the ambassador officially becomes the representative of his country. This would normally occur a short time after the ambassador's arrival on station. The host nation may reject the ambassador by not receiving the ambassador's letter, but this occurs only rarely. Terminated mission Usually the date that the ambassador left the country. In some cases a letter of recall is presented, ending the ambassador's commission, either as a means of diplomatic protest or because the diplomat is being reassigned elsewhere and replaced by another envoy. Chargé d'affaires The person in charge of the business of the embassy when there is no ambassador commissioned to the host country. Ad interim Latin phrase meaning "for the time being", "in the meantime". |
- Joseph S. Hulings, III - Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointment: August 11, 1992
- Presentation of Credentials: September 25, 1992
- Termination of Mission: Left post September 5, 1995
- Michael W. Cotter - Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointment: October 3, 1995
- Presentation of Credentials: November 7, 1995
- Termination of Mission: Left post August 27, 1998
- Steven Robert Mann - Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointment: October 1, 1998
- Presentation of Credentials: November 10, 1998
- Termination of Mission: Left post May 28, 2001
- Laura E. Kennedy - Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointment: September 21, 2001
- Presentation of Credentials: October 5, 2001
- Termination of Mission: Left post July 7, 2003
- Tracey Ann Jacobson - Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointment: July 1, 2003
- Presentation of Credentials: August 25, 2003
- Termination of Mission: Left post April 9, 2007
- Richard E. Hoagland - Career FSO
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires ad interim
- Appointment: 2007
- Presentation of Credentials: 2007
- Termination of Mission: 2010
- Robert E. Patterson, Jr. - Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointment: April 26, 2011
- Presentation of Credentials: May 16, 2011
- Termination of Mission: Left post June 1, 2014
- Allan Phillip Mustard - Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointment: November 19, 2014
- Presentation of Credentials: January 19, 2015
- Termination of Mission: Incumbent
Notes
See also
- Turkmenistan – United States relations
- Foreign relations of Turkmenistan
- Ambassadors of the United States
References
- United States Department of State: Background notes on Turkmenistan
This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.
External links
- United States Department of State: Chiefs of Mission for Turkmenistan
- United States Department of State: Turkmenistan
- United States Embassy in Ashgabat
