User:Любослов Езыкин/Comparison of the IPA variants for English
Appearance
Lexical sets | RP | GA | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jones (1909, 1917)[1][2] |
Gimson (1962, 1967)[3][4] |
Upton (1995)[5] |
Kenyon&Knott (1944)[6] |
Roach et al. (1997)[7] | |
FLEECE | iː | iː | iː | i | iː |
KIT | i | ɪ | ɪ | ɪ | ɪ |
DRESS | e | e | ɛ | ɛ | e |
TRAP | æ | æ | a | æ | æ |
START | ɑː | ɑː | ɑː | ɑr~ɑː[i] | ɑːr |
PALM | ɑː | ɑː | ɑː | ɑ | ɑː |
LOT | ɔ | ɒ | ɒ | ɑ~ɒ[i] | ɑː |
THOUGHT | ɔː | ɔː | ɔː | ɔ | ɔː |
NORTH | ɔː | ɔː | ɔː | ɔr~ɔə[i] | ɔːr |
FOOT | u | ʊ | ʊ | ᴜ | ʊ |
GOOSE | uː | uː | uː | u | uː |
STRUT | ʌ | ʌ | ʌ | ʌ | ʌ |
NURSE | əː | ɜː | əː | ɝ~ɜ[i] | ɝː |
LETTER | ə | ə | ə | ɚ~ə[i] | ɚ |
COMMA | ə | ə | ə | ə | ə |
FACE | ei | eɪ | eɪ | e | eɪ |
GOAT | ou | əʊ | əʊ | o | oʊ |
PRICE | ai | aɪ | ʌɪ | aɪ | aɪ |
MOUTH | au~ɑu[ii] | aʊ | aʊ | aᴜ | aʊ |
CHOICE | ɔi | ɔɪ | ɔɪ | ɔɪ | ɔɪ |
NEAR | iə | ɪə | ɪə | ɪr~ɪə[i] | ɪr |
SQUARE | ɛə | eə | ɛː | ɛr~ɛə[i] | er |
CURE | uə | ʊə | ʊə | ᴜr~ᴜə[i] | ʊr |
Notes |
- ^ a b Jones, Daniel (1909). The Pronunciation of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. XIV-XV.
- ^ Jones, Daniel (1917). An English Pronouncing Dictionary. J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. p. XXV.
- ^ Gimson, A. C. (1962). An introduction to the pronunciation of English (1 ed.).
- ^ Crystal, David (1995). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English language. p. 237.
- ^ Concise Oxford English Dictionary (10 ed.). Oxford University Press. 1995.
- ^ a b Kenyon, John S.; Knott, Thomas A. (1944). A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English. Springfield, MA: G.& C. Merriam Co.
- ^ Jones, Daniel (1997). Roach, Peter; Hartman, James; Setter, Jane (eds.). English Pronouncing Dictionary. Cambridge University press.