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"Chemical Interactions": Web Book

Electrostatics

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  • Coulomb's law:
    • Permittivity , vacuum permittivity , relative permittivity
    • When in a medium other than vacuum, Coulomb's law becomes , that is
  • Lennard-Jones potential

Equations of state

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Phase equilibria

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F: number of degrees of freedom of the system
P: number of phases present
C: number of independent components present
N: number of constituents present
R: number of constraints (e.g. constraint of mass balance)
For water, Ttp = 273.16 K

Properties of mixtures

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