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Aetiology

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Open fractures can occur due to direct mechanisms such as high-energy trauma, motor vehicular accidents, firearms and fall from height or indirect mechanisms like torsional injuries and fall from standing position.[1] These mechanisms are usually associated with substantial degloving of the soft-tissues, but can also have a subtler appearance with a small poke hole and accumulation of clotted blood in the tissues. Depending on the nature of the trauma, it can cause different types of fractures:[2][3]

Common fractures:

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Result from significant trauma to the bone. This trauma can come from a variety of forces – a direct blow, axial loading, angular forces, torque, or a mixture of these.[3]

Pathological fractures

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Result from minor trauma to diseased bone. These preexisting processes include metastatic lesions, bone cysts, advanced osteoporosis, etc.[3]

Fracture-dislocations

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Severe injury in which both fracture and dislocation take place simultaneously.[2]

Gunshot wounds

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Caused by high-speed projectiles, they cause damage as they go through the tissue, through secondary shock wave and cavitation.[2]

Comments

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Thanks for the suggestions. I have a few notes:

  • Please consult WP:MEDMOS for the appropriate headings for this type pf article. Since you are adding substantial content, I think you should rename and re-organize the section as per Wikipedia's manual of style. Each of these types of fractures may not need to be subheadings themselves. I think that the name needs to be used in the sentence. Open to feedback here though.
  • References go immediately after the punctuation like this.1

JenOttawa (talk) 01:19, 6 November 2018 (UTC)

  1. ^ Halawi, Mohamad J.; Morwood, Michael P. (2015-11). "Acute Management of Open Fractures: An Evidence-Based Review". Orthopedics. 38 (11): e1025–1033. doi:10.3928/01477447-20151020-12. ISSN 1938-2367. PMID 26558667. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ a b c Vanderhave, Kelly (2015), Doherty, Gerard M. (ed.), "Orthopedic Surgery", CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Surgery (14 ed.), McGraw-Hill Education, retrieved 2018-11-05
  3. ^ a b c Menkes, Jeffrey S. (2016), Tintinalli, Judith E.; Stapczynski, J. Stephan; Ma, O. John; Yealy, Donald M. (eds.), "Initial Evaluation and Management of Orthopedic Injuries", Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (8 ed.), McGraw-Hill Education, retrieved 2018-11-05