User:Hehkpop
| Kazakh 1-st Civil War | |||||||
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 Confrontation between Khans | |||||||
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Kazakh 1-st Civil War (1522-1538) — internecine war in Kazakh Khanate betweets descendants of Zhanibek Khan. The war started just after the death of Qasym Khan.
Prehistory
[edit]Kazakh Khanate in the beginning of XVI century was powerful country in the region, which could withstand any neighboring country. At that time Qasym Khan ruled over the Khanate, who has united all tribes and nations of Eastern Cumania in one state - Kazakh Khanate. Unity of Khanate relied on Qasym Khan's authority, but after his death internecine war started between descendants of Janibek Khan for the throne. This war named after civil war between Janibek's descendants.
History
[edit]Kasim-khan's heir, Mamash Khan, was unable to resist the Nogai Horde, which conqueted the territory of the Torgay River. After Mamash Khan's death, During the reign of Tahir-khan the Oirat invasion of the Kazakh Khanate began. From beginning of the war between the Oirats and the Kazakhs. Tahir Khan failed to suppress powerful sultans of the Kazakh Khanate, such rulers as Zhetysu Buydash Khan, ruler of Sighnaq Ahmet.
Tahir Khan was defeated by the ruler of Moghulistan Keldi-Muhammad and fled to Kyrgyzstan, where he died. Then, Tughum Khan became the new ruler of kazakh lands. But his government was not recognized by the ruler Zhetysu Buydash and the ruler of Sygnak Ahmet - both of them declared themselves as a khans. At the same time, the savior of the Kazakh people appeared, the son of Qasym Khan, Sultan Hak-Nazar, the ruler of Sozak. Sultan Hak-Nazar recognizes Tugim as khan.
Ahmet began a campaign against the Nogai horde. Unfortunately, he was defeated by the Nogais and was captured by them with fifteen of his sons. In 1535, Ahmet was killed by Orak Baghatur. Sultan Hak-Nazar captured Ahmed's territories. The western border of the Khanate passed through the Aral Sea.
Sultan Hak-Nazar inflicted a crushing defeat on Buydash Khan, who fled to Mogulistan. Hak-Nazar got western part of Zhetysu.
In 1538, after the death of Tugim Khan Khak-Nazar became khan, the civil war ended in his victory.
Results
[edit]Kazakh Khanate reached inner unity. Nevertheless, It has lost nearly the half of their territory. Western Kazakhstan was captured by Nogai horde, Eastern Kazakhstan - by Four Oirat, Northern - by Khanate of Sibir, Moghulistan obtained Western Zhetusy, while the Khanate of Bukhara got Tashkent.