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Nemonte Nenquimo is an Indigenous activist and member of the Waorani Nation from the Amazonian Region of Ecuador. She is the first female president of the Waorani of Pastaza (CONCONAWEP) and co-founder of the Indigenous-led nonprofit organization Ceibo Alliance. In 2020, she was named in the Time 100 list of the 100 most influential people in the world, the only Indigenous woman on the list and the second Ecuadorian to ever be named in its history. In recognition of her work, in 2020 the United Nations Environment Programme gave her the "Champions of the Earth" award in the category Inspiration and Action.[1]

Nenquimo was the plaintiff in a lawsuit against the Ecuadorian government, which culminated in a 2019 ruling that protects half a million acres of Waorani ancestral land in the Amazon rainforest from oil drilling.

Early Life and Career[edit]

Nenquimo was born in the community of Nemompare in 1985 in the Pastaza region of the Ecuadorian Amazon.[2][3] She is a member of the Waorani Nation of hunter-harvesters.[4]

In 2015, Nenquimo co-founded Ceibo Alliance, an Indigenous-led nonprofit to protect Indigenous lands from resource extraction. She was elected the first female president of the Waorani organization of Pastaza province (CONCONAWEP) in 2018.[3][5][6][7]

Love For Her Land[edit]

Nenquimo has expressed a love for her land going back generations. Her community, the Waorani Nation, were first colonized in 1958 by Christian missionaries.[8]  Soon after in the 1960s, the Ecuadorian government, driven by oil, began building roads and destroying their forest.[9]  The government has also divided Waorani land to be auctioned for oil extraction.[10]  Most of the Ecuadorian Amazon has been affected by this, with six of the blocks auctioned to oil companies belonging to the Waorani.[11]  One of these blocks is Nemompare, Nenquimo’s birthplace.[12]  As a result, the Waorani people have been forced to moved further into the forest to avoid any contact.[13]

Nemonte Nenquimo says that her people have felt the effects of climate change long before it became a mainstream conversation.  She has also stated that abuelas (elderly Waorani women) have provided her with the knowledge and passion to fight for change.[14]  

2019 Court Ruling[edit]

Location of Yasuní National Park and Waorani land in Ecuador

The Ecuadorian Amazon Rainforest is home to many indigenous people.[15] Many often claim that their rights, access to their land, and ability to make decisions has been ignored by the government.[16] As a result, as part of CONCONAWEP (Coordinating Council of the Waorani Nationality of Ecuador-Pastaza), Nenquimo co-filed a lawsuit with Ecuador’s human rights ombudsmen against the Ecuadorian government.[4][17] Nenquimo was the plaintiff in the lawsuit, whose 2019 ruling by a three-judge panel of the Pastaza Provincial Court protects half a million acres of the Amazon rainforest in Ecuador from oil drilling.[5][4][3] The verdict that the Ecuadorian government must engage in the free, prior and informed consent process according to the standards of international law and the Constitutional Court of Ecuador before auctioning land provides a legal precedent for other Indigenous nations to counteract resource extraction within Indigenous territory.[3][17]

A parade of hundreds of Waorani people celebrated the ruling in April 2019 in Puyo, the regional capital of the eastern province of Pastaza. Many traveled great distances to attend.[17]

Current Work[edit]

Nemonte Nenquimo, along with her husband Mitch Anderson (founder of Amazon Frontlines) is set to publish a book We Will Not Be Saved in March 2023.[18][19] In this memoir, she confronts the racist perceptions of indigenous people with a dive into oral history to demonstrate not only her life story but also that of the Amazon.[20]

Awards[edit]

In 2020, she was featured on the Time 100 list, the only Indigenous woman that year and among the first Amazonians ever to be named.[3] She was also on the list of the BBC's 100 Women announced on 23 November 2020.[21] In 2020, Nenquimo was one of six environmental leaders to be awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize.[22][23][24][25]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Environment, U. N. (2020-12-09). "Nemonte Nenquimo". Champions of the Earth. Retrieved 2020-12-24.
  2. ^ Zúñiga, Cecilia (September 24, 2020). "Ya basta de encender fuegos en la selva amazónica, dice la líder waorani Nemonte Nenquimo, una de las 100 personas más influyentes del mundo para la revista Time". El Universo.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ a b c d e Pinchetti, Sophie (April 26, 2019). "Waorani People Win Landmark Legal Victory Against Ecuadorian Government". Amazon Frontlines.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ a b c Pinchetti, Sophie (September 23, 2020). "Indigenous Amazonian Leader Nemonte Nenquimo Is Named TIME 100 Most Influential People In The World". Amazon Frontlines.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b DiCaprio, Leonardo (September 22, 2020). "The 100 Most Influential People of 2020: Nemonte Nenquimo". TIME.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. ^ Specter, Emma (October 14, 2019). "These Indigenous Activists Are Fighting for the Future of a Ravaged Amazon". Vogue.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ Nenquimo, Nemonte (October 20, 2020). "This is my message to the western world – your civilisation is killing life on Earth". The Guardian.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ León, Carolina Loza. "'We saw it coming': The Indigenous leader fighting climate change". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  9. ^ León, Carolina Loza. "'We saw it coming': The Indigenous leader fighting climate change". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  10. ^ León, Carolina Loza. "'We saw it coming': The Indigenous leader fighting climate change". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  11. ^ León, Carolina Loza. "'We saw it coming': The Indigenous leader fighting climate change". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  12. ^ León, Carolina Loza. "'We saw it coming': The Indigenous leader fighting climate change". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  13. ^ León, Carolina Loza. "'We saw it coming': The Indigenous leader fighting climate change". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  14. ^ León, Carolina Loza. "'We saw it coming': The Indigenous leader fighting climate change". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  15. ^ Environment, U. N. (2020-12-09). "Nemonte Nenquimo". Champions of the Earth. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  16. ^ Environment, U. N. (2020-12-09). "Nemonte Nenquimo". Champions of the Earth. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  17. ^ a b c Riederer, Rachel (May 15, 2019). "An Uncommon Victory for an Indigenous Tribe in the Amazon". The New Yorker.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  18. ^ Chandler, Mark (June 24, 2021). "Wildfire signs rainforest campaigner Nenquimo's 'clarion call'". Retrieved February 16, 2022.
  19. ^ "We Will Not Be Saved by Nemonte Nenquimo | WHSmith". 'WHSmith. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  20. ^ "We Will Not Be Saved by Nemonte Nenquimo | WHSmith". 'WHSmith. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  21. ^ "BBC 100 Women 2020: Who is on the list this year?". BBC News. 2020-11-23. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
  22. ^ "Nemonte Nenquimo". www.rewild.org. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  23. ^ "Nemonte Nenquimo". Goldman Environmental Prize. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
  24. ^ "The Goldman environmental prize winners 2020 – in pictures". The Guardian. November 30, 2020. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
  25. ^ Buschschlüter, Vanessa (November 30, 2020). "Nemonte Nenquimo: The indigenous leader named 'environmental hero'". BBC News. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
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