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References
[edit]- ^ Buzuvis, Erin, Sex Discrimination and the Transformation of U.S. Education (2018). The Oxford Handbook of U.S. Education Law (2018), Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3713996
- ^ "Sierra Leone: Pregnant Students in Africa Need Your Support, Not Rejection." allAfrica.com, 5 Nov. 2019. Gale In Context: Global Issues, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A604813742/GIC?u=psucic&sid=bookmark-GIC&xid=0fcf3271. Accessed 25 Oct. 2022.
- ^ Stanford, Libby. “Proposed Title IX Overhaul: Key Questions on What’s Next.” Education Week, vol. 41, no. 37, July 2022, p. 12. EBSCOhost, https://search-ebscohost-com.ezaccess.libraries.psu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=157942257&site=ehost-live&scope=site.
- ^ González Ramos Ana, M., et al. "The Spanish Equality Law and the Gender Balance in the Evaluation Committees: An Opportunity for Women’s Promotion in Higher Education." Higher Education Policy, vol. 33, no. 4, 2020, pp. 815-833. ProQuest, https://ezaccess.libraries.psu.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fscholarly-journals%2Fspanish-equality-law-gender-balance-evaluation%2Fdocview%2F2473274998%2Fse-2%3Faccountid%3D13158, doi:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41307-018-0103-y.
- ^ "Education". European Institute for Gender Equality. Retrieved 2022-10-25.
- ^ "The Beijing Platform for Action: inspiration then and now". UN Women – Beijing+20. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
In September 1995 the Beijing Platform for Action was created, representatives from 189 different governments attended in the aim of improving gender equality. This meeting brought the issues of gender equality into the public eye for the entire world to see. While the plan wasn’t confined to just education, it has had a positive effect on sex discrimination in education. Over the years since the creation of the plan we’ve seen the promises made translate into actual change in individual countries. [1]
United States
[edit]In the years since the passing of Title IX, issues have arisen with the original law. One of the issues has to do with the LGBTQ+ community and securing protection for them by including them in the law. The other major proposed change is about the ways in which we review and handle sexual assaults' and harassment allegations. The law change will mean that schools won't be able to discriminate "sex stereotypes, sex characteristics, pregnancy or related conditions, sexual orientation, or gender identity."(From) However, despite all the proposed changes it will take time to see how they affect LGBTQ students and when going over the proposed changes a few key issues still seem to be unaddressed. There are still issues with things like pronouns, banned LGBTQ literature, bathrooms, transgender athletes and more issues that will only shows themselves with time. This still represents massive improvement for LGBTQ students and will aid in getting rid of sex discrimination in education.
Sub-Saharan Africa
[edit]In many parts of Africa the biggest contributing factor to sex discrimination is the mistreatment of pregnant girls. The President of Sierra Leone Julius Maada Bio remarked: "We have wasted a lot of time in restricting the potentials of women and girls." Despite that comment Sierra Leone still discriminates against pregnant girls, alongside several other African countries. In Tanzia for example they have gone as far as prosecuting and arresting pregnant teens. Pregnancy almost always ends girls opportunities to continue their education, this alongside the severe stigma around pregnancy, and the ostracization from family, peers, and your community. Young girls fear what will happen to them if they become pregnant but it still continues to happen at an alarming rate. A lot of these young girls were never able to get a comprehensive sex education, which only contributes to this problem. But this issue isn’t limited only to school, in their communities young girls are being coerced into sex for a variety of reasons. Some of the reasons include: raped, relationships with their peers and/or members of their community, sexually exploited in exchange for food, money or grades or persuaded by adults, including their own teachers, and by boys their age.
Europe
[edit]In Europe small but steady improvement has been made for the last few years. In part the sex discrimination in Europe is caused by under repristinating of women in positions of power, teaching positions at higher learning institutes and across various other positions. In 2007, the European Union sought to begin addressing these concerns by creating the European institute for gender equality. The goal of EIGE is to provide evidence to support gender equality and give potential solutions to gender inequality. Despite the creation of EIGE and all the work they've done their plans still face a lot of resistance or aren't being acknowledged which is hindering progress. Through the many obstacles, they've still been able to progress with the goals set by the Ljubljana Declaration. While looking at Europe as a whole there has been progress but that progress isn't evenly distributed with some countries even regressing in terms of gender equality.