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Book of Genesis

Composition

LORD

Not in article:

Many theories have been proposed for why these separate sources were compiled into a single document.

As for why the book was created, a theory which has gained considerable interest, although still controversial, is that of Persian imperial authorisation. This proposes that the Persians of the Achaemenid Empire, after their conquest of Babylon in 539 BC, agreed to grant Jerusalem a large measure of local autonomy within the empire, but required the local authorities to produce a single law code accepted by the entire community. The two powerful groups making up the community—the priestly families who controlled the Second Temple and who traced their origin to Moses and the wilderness wanderings, and the major landowning families who made up the "elders" and who traced their own origins to Abraham, who had "given" them the land—were in conflict over many issues, and each had its own "history of origins". However, the Persian promise of greatly increased local autonomy for all provided a powerful incentive to cooperate in producing a single text.

According to the documentary hypothesis, the sources were dated to the following: 

* J = 10th–9th century BC
* E = 8th century BC
* D = 7th century BC (Josiah's reforms, ca. 625 BC)
* P = 5th century BC (postexilic, Ezra)

Van Seters proposes the following dates: 

* D = ca. 625 BC
* J = ca. 540 BC (exilic) 
* P = ca. 400 BC (postexilic) 

Adherents of the documentary hypothesis generally ascribed portions of Genesis as follows: 

* Chapters 1–11 are from J (2:4b–4:26, 6:1–8, 7:1–5;

Bibliography

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• Bergant, Dianne (2013). Genesis: In the Beginning. Liturgical Press. ISBN 978-0-8146-8275-3.
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• Hamilton, Victor P (1990). The Book of Genesis: chapters 1–17. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-2521-6.
• Hendel, R. S. (1992). "Genesis, Book of". In Freedman, D. N. (ed.). Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary. Vol. 2. Doubleday.
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• Longman, Tremper (2005). How to Read Genesis. How to Read Series. InterVarsity Press. ISBN 9780830875603.
• Mathews, Kenneth A. (1996). The New American Commentary: Genesis 1-11:26 Vol. 1A. Nashville: B&H Publishing Group. ISBN 9780805401011.
• McKeown, James (2008). Genesis. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-2705-0.
• Schwartz, Sarah (2016). "Narrative Toledot Formulae in Genesis: The Case of Heaven and Earth, Noah, and Isaac". Journal of Hebrew Scriptures. 16: 1–36. doi:10.5508/jhs.2016.v16.a8. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 21, 2020.
• Ska, Jean-Louis (2006). Introduction to Reading the Pentateuch. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 978-1-57506-122-1.
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