User:Mr. Ibrahem/Carcinoid
| Carcinoid tumor | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Carcinoid |
 | |
| Picture of a carcinoid tumor (center of image) that encroaches into the lumen of the small bowel. The prominent folds are plicae circulares, a characteristic of the small bowel. | |
| Specialty | Oncology |
| Symptoms | Digestive tract: Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea[1] Lungs: Trouble breathing, chest pain[1] |
| Causes | Generally unknown[1] |
| Risk factors | Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Lab tests, medical imaging, biopsy[1] |
| Treatment | Surgery, somatostatin analogs, targeted therapy, chemotherapy[1] |
| Frequency | 4 in 100,000 adults[1] |
Carcinoid tumor, also known as carcinoid, are a type of tumor that develop from neuroendocrine tissue.[1] When the digestive tract is involve, symptoms may include abdominal pain, vomiting, or diarrhea.[1] When the lungs are involves, symptoms may include trouble breathing or chest pain.[1] Spread may results in a large liver.[2] One in ten cases involving the appendix presents with appendicitis.[2] About 5% of cases result in carcinoid syndrome.[2]
The cause is generally unknown.[1] They are associated with a genetic condition known as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1).[1] It is a type of neuroendocrine tumor.[1] They develop from enterochromaffin cells, a type of neuroendocrine cell in the intestines.[2] They are generally slow-growing.[3] Diagnosis is based on lab tests, medical imaging, and biopsy.[1]
Treatment often involves surgery.[1] When surgery is not possible somatostatin analogs, targeted therapy, or chemotherapy may be used.[1] In young people who can have the lung tumor removed 5 year survival is greater than 90%.[1] They are estimated to affect about 4 in 100,000 adults.[1] They occur more commonly in adults than children.[1] About 10% of small bowel tumors are carcinoids, and most of these occur in the appendix and terminal ileum.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Carcinoid Tumor - National Cancer Institute". www.cancer.gov. 30 July 2020. Archived from the original on 2 December 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2022.
- ^ a b c d e Jawad, Noor; Skinner, Charlotte (2020). "32. Gatroentrology". Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine (10th ed.). Elsevier. p. 1197. ISBN 978-0-7020-7870-5. Archived from the original on 2022-02-06. Retrieved 2022-02-06.
- ^ Maroun J, Kocha W, Kvols L (April 2006). "Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of carcinoid tumors. Part 1: The gastrointestinal tract. A statement from a Canadian National Carcinoid Expert Group". Curr Oncol. 13 (2): 67–76. doi:10.3390/curroncol13020006. PMC 1891174. PMID 17576444.
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