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User:Mr. Ibrahem/Liraglutide

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Mr. Ibrahem/Liraglutide
X-ray structure of liraglutide. PDB entry 4apd​
Clinical data
Trade namesVictoza, Saxenda, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
Routes of
administration		Subcutaneous
Drug classGLP-1 receptor agonist[1]
Legal status
Legal status
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC172H265N43O51
Molar mass3751.262 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)NCCCC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)C(O)=O
  • InChI=1S/C172H265N43O51/c1-18-20-21-22-23-24-25-26-27-28-29-30-37-53-128(223)193-112(59-64-132(227)228)148(244)180-68-41-40-50-111(154(250)199-116(62-67-135(233)234)155(251)204-120(73-100-44-33-31-34-45-100)160(256)214-140(93(11)19-2)168(264)192-97(15)146(242)201-122(76-103-79-183-108-49-39-38-48-106(103)108)158(254)203-118(72-90(5)6)159(255)212-138(91(7)8)166(262)200-110(52-43-70-182-172(177)178)150(246)184-81-129(224)194-109(51-42-69-181-171(175)176)149(245)187-84-137(237)238)196-144(240)95(13)189-143(239)94(12)191-153(249)115(58-63-127(174)222)195-130(225)82-185-152(248)114(61-66-134(231)232)198-156(252)117(71-89(3)4)202-157(253)119(75-102-54-56-105(221)57-55-102)205-163(259)124(85-216)208-165(261)126(87-218)209-167(263)139(92(9)10)213-162(258)123(78-136(235)236)206-164(260)125(86-217)210-170(266)142(99(17)220)215-161(257)121(74-101-46-35-32-36-47-101)207-169(265)141(98(16)219)211-131(226)83-186-151(247)113(60-65-133(229)230)197-145(241)96(14)190-147(243)107(173)77-104-80-179-88-188-104/h31-36,38-39,44-49,54-57,79-80,88-99,107,109-126,138-142,183,216-221H,18-30,37,40-43,50-53,58-78,81-87,173H2,1-17H3,(H2,174,222)(H,179,188)(H,180,244)(H,184,246)(H,185,248)(H,186,247)(H,187,245)(H,189,239)(H,190,243)(H,191,249)(H,192,264)(H,193,223)(H,194,224)(H,195,225)(H,196,240)(H,197,241)(H,198,252)(H,199,250)(H,200,262)(H,201,242)(H,202,253)(H,203,254)(H,204,251)(H,205,259)(H,206,260)(H,207,265)(H,208,261)(H,209,263)(H,210,266)(H,211,226)(H,212,255)(H,213,258)(H,214,256)(H,215,257)(H,227,228)(H,229,230)(H,231,232)(H,233,234)(H,235,236)(H,237,238)(H4,175,176,181)(H4,177,178,182)/t93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98+,99+,107-,109-,110-,111-,112-,113-,114-,115-,116-,117-,118-,119-,120-,121-,122-,123-,124-,125-,126-,138-,139-,140-,141-,142-/m0/s1
  • Key:KAIWQAZASNVPLR-QCIJIYAXSA-N

Liraglutide, sold under the brand name Victoza among others, is a medication used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity.[1] In diabetes it is a less preferred agent compared to metformin.[1][3] Its effects on long-term health outcomes like heart disease and life expectancy are unclear.[1] In obesity if after 12 weeks less than 5% of body weight is lost it is recommended the medication be stopped.[4] It is given by injection under the skin.[1]

Common side effects include low blood sugar, nausea, dizziness, abdominal pain, and pain at the site of injection.[1] Other serious side effects may include medullary thyroid cancer, angioedema, pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, and kidney problems.[1] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is of unclear safety.[1] Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 receptor agonist) also known as incretin mimetics.[1] It works by increasing insulin release from the pancreas and decreases excessive glucagon release.[1]

Liraglutide was approved for medical use in Europe in 2009 and in the United States in 2010.[5][6] A month supply in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £79 as of 2019.[4] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$98.[7] In 2017, it was the 163rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than three million prescriptions.[8][9]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Liraglutide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference WHO2020DDD was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Shyangdan D, Cummins E, Royle P, Waugh N (May 2011). "Liraglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes". Health Technol Assess. 15 Suppl 1: 77–86. doi:10.3310/hta15suppl1/09. PMID 21609656.
  4. ^ a b British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 685. ISBN 9780857113382.
  5. ^ "Liraglutide". European Medicines Agency. 17 September 2018. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  6. ^ "DailyMed - liraglutide injection". dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 27 March 2021. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  7. ^ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  8. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  9. ^ "Liraglutide - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 8 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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