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User:Mr. Ibrahem/Prilocaine

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Mr. Ibrahem/Prilocaine
Clinical data
Pronunciation/ˈpraɪləˌkeɪn/[1]
Trade namesCitanest, Prilotekal, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa603026
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: A
Routes of
administration		Subcutaneous
Drug classLocal anesthetic (amide)[2]
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding55%
MetabolismLiver and kidney
Elimination half-life10-150 minutes, longer with impaired liver or kidney function
Identifiers
  • (RS)-N-(2-methylphenyl)-N2-propylalaninamide
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC13H20N2O
Molar mass220.316 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
ChiralityRacemic mixture
Melting point37 to 38 °C (99 to 100 °F)
  • O=C(Nc1ccccc1C)C(NCCC)C
  • InChI=1S/C13H20N2O/c1-4-9-14-11(3)13(16)15-12-8-6-5-7-10(12)2/h5-8,11,14H,4,9H2,1-3H3,(H,15,16) checkY
  • Key:MVFGUOIZUNYYSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Prilocaine, sold under the trade name Citanest among others, is a local anesthetic used for numbing a specific area, for a nerve block, or as part of spinal anesthesia.[3][2] It is used by injection.[4] It is also available as a lidocaine/prilocaine cream.[2]

Side effects may include dizziness, high blood pressure, low blood pressure, nausea, and arrhythmia.[2] Other side effects may include methemoglobinemia and cardiac arrest.[2] Use in pregnancy appears to be relatively safe.[5] It is an amide type local anesthetic.[2]

Prilocaine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1965.[4] In the United Kingdom 50 mL of a 1% solution costs about £5.[2] Manufacture has been discontinued in the United States as of 2012;[6] though it previously costs about 1 USD for 1.8 mL of a 4% solution.[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Prilocaine". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 1409. ISBN 978-0857114105.
  3. ^ a b "DailyMed - CITANEST PLAIN- prilocaine hydrochloride injection, solution". dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 30 October 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
  4. ^ a b "Prilocaine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
  5. ^ Giglio, JA; Lanni, SM; Laskin, DM; Giglio, NW (February 2009). "Oral health care for the pregnant patient". Journal (Canadian Dental Association). 75 (1): 43–8. PMID 19239743.
  6. ^ "Determination That CITANEST (Prilocaine Hydrochloride) Injection, 1%, 2%, and 3%, and CITANEST PLAIN (Prilocaine Hydrochloride) Injection, 4%, Were Not Withdrawn From Sale for Reasons of Safety or Effectiveness". Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
  7. ^ "Citanest HCl Plain Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
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