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China
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The one-child policy of the People's Republic of China requires couples to have no more than one child. Beginning in 1979, the policy was implemented to control rapid population growth.[1] Chinese women receive free contraception and family planning services.[2] Greater than 70% of those of childbearing age use contraception.[3] Since the policy was put into place in 1979, over 400 million births have been prevented.[2] Because of various exemptions, fertility rate is about 1.7 children per woman, down from 5.9 in the 1960s. A strong preference for boys and free access to fetus sex determination and abortion has resulted in an artificially high proportion of males in both rural and urban areas.[2]
Beginning January 1, 2016, China officially abolished the one-child policy. The Chinese government decided to allow families to have a second child to supposedly grow a bigger work force and allow the aging population to relax more. They predict that another economic boom with occur in the near future. The new policy was also seen as a solution to the massive gender disparity, with China's current population leaning heavily toward males. There are no concrete estimates for the new rate of growth of the Chinese population, but there are testimonies from the citizens about there new freedom. Some mothers have said that they are exciting at the opportunity of having another child, while others still follow the one child tradition. [4]
- ^ Kane, P.; Choi, C. Y. (Oct 9, 1999). "China's one child family policy". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 319 (7215): 992–4. doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7215.992. PMC 1116810. PMID 10514169.
- ^ a b c Hesketh, T.; Lu, L.; Xing, Z. W. (Sep 15, 2005). "The effect of China's one-child family policy after 25 years". The New England Journal of Medicine. 353 (11): 1171–6. doi:10.1056/NEJMhpr051833. PMID 16162890.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Dar2010p10was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Buckley, Chris (29 October 2015). "China Ends One-Child Policy, Allowing Families Two Children". The New York Times.