User:Whitefke/sandbox

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Week 13: Final Edits and Submission[edit]

Link to Group Sandbox[edit]

User:JDinauer/Group_Sandbox

Article Being Edited[edit]

The Wikipedia my group is editing is called, "Hagfish." Here is the link: Hagfish.

Original Version from the "Slime" Section[edit]

Hagfish are long and vermiform, and can exude copious quantities of a milky and fibrous slime or mucus from some 100 glands or invaginations running along their flanks.[1] The species Myxine glutinosa was named for this slime. When captured and held, e.g., by the tail, they secrete the microfibrous mucus, which expands into up to 20 litres (5+1⁄4 US gallons) of sticky, gelatinous material when combined with water;[2] one litre of slime has about 40 milligrams of mucus and proteins.[3] If they remain captured, they can tie themselves in an overhand knot, which works its way from the head to the tail of the animal, scraping off the slime as it goes and freeing them from their captor. Rheological investigations showed that hagfish slime viscosity increases in elongational flow which favors gill clogging of suction feeding fish, while its viscosity decreases in shear which facilitates scraping off the slime by the travelling-knot.[4]

A hagfish using its slime to get away from a predator.
Edited Version[edit]

Hagfish are long and vermiform, and can exude copious quantities of a milky and fibrous slime or mucus from about 100 glands or invaginations running along their flanks.[1] Hagfish are able to produce a lot of slime, which combines with seawater, when they are in danger as a defense mechanism. This slime that hagfish excrete has very thin fibers that make it more durable and sticky than the slime excreted by other animals.[5] The fibers are made of proteins and also make the slime flexible. If they are caught by a predator, they can quickly release a large amount of slime to escape.[6] If they remain captured, they can tie themselves in an overhand knot, and work their way from the head to the tail of the animal, scraping off the slime and freeing themselves from their captor. Rheological investigations have shown that hagfish slime viscosity increases in elongational flow which favors gill clogging of suction feeding fish, while its viscosity decreases in shear which facilitates scraping off the slime by the travelling-knot.[4]

Original Version from the "Nervous System" Section[edit]

The origins of the vertebrate nervous system are of considerable interest to evolutionary biologists, and cyclostomes (hagfish and lampreys) are an important group for answering this question. The complexity of the hagfish brain has been an issue of debate since the late 19th century, with some morphologists believing that they do not possess a cerebellum, while others believe that it is continuous with the midbrain.[7] It is now believed that the hagfish neuroanatomy is similar to that of lampreys.[8] A common feature of both cyclostomes is the absence of myelin in neurons.[9]

Edited Version[edit]

The origins of the vertebrate nervous system are of considerable interest to evolutionary biologists, and cyclostomes (hagfish and lampreys) are an important group for answering this question. The complexity of the hagfish brain has been an issue of debate since the late 19th century, with some morphologists suggesting that they do not possess a cerebellum, while others suggest that it is continuous with the midbrain.[7] It is now considered that the hagfish neuroanatomy is similar to that of lampreys.[8] A common feature of both cyclostomes is the absence of myelin in neurons.[9] The brain of a hagfish has specific parts similar to the brains of other vertebrates.[10] The dorsal and ventral muscles located towards the side of the hagfish body are connected to spinal nerves. The spinal nerves that connect to the muscles of the pharyngeal wall grow individually to reach them. [11]

References[edit]
  1. ^ a b Rothschild, Anna (2013-04-01). "Hagfish slime: The clothing of the future?". BBC News. Retrieved 2013-04-02.
  2. ^ "Snotties at Southern Encounter". Southern Encounter Aquarium and Kiwi House. 2007-10-30. Archived from the original on June 7, 2013. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
  3. ^ Yong, Ed (2019-01-23). "No One Is Prepared for Hagfish Slime". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2019-01-26.
  4. ^ a b Böni, Lukas; Fischer, Peter; Böcker, Lukas; Kuster, Simon; Rühs, Patrick A. (September 2016). "Hagfish slime and mucin flow properties and their implications for defense". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 30371. doi:10.1038/srep30371.
  5. ^ Fudge, Douglas; Levy, Nimrod; Chiu, Scott; Gosline, John (2005). "Composition, morphology and mechanics of hagfish slime". Journal of Experimental Biology. 208: 4613-4625. doi:10.1242/jeb.01963.
  6. ^ Böni, Lukas; Fischer, Peter; Böcker, Lukas; Kuster, Simon; Rühs, Patrick (2016). "Hagfish slime and mucin flow properties and their implications for defense". Scientific Reports. 6. doi:10.1038/srep30371.
  7. ^ a b Larsell, O (1947), "The cerebellum of myxinoids and petromyzonts including developmental stages in the lampreys.", Journal of Experimental Biology, 210 (22): 3897–3909, doi:10.1002/cne.900860303, PMID 20239748
  8. ^ a b Wicht, H (1996), "The brains of lampreys and hagfishes: Characteristics, characters, and comparisons.", Brain, Behavior and Evolution, 48 (5): 248–261, doi:10.1159/000113204, PMID 8932866
  9. ^ a b Bullock, T.H.; Moore, J.K.; Fields, R.D. (1984). "Evolution of myelin sheaths: both lamprey and hagfish lack myelin". Neuroscience Letters. 48 (2): 145–148. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(84)90010-7. PMID 6483278.
  10. ^ Ota, Kinya; Kuratani, Shigeru (2008). "Developmental Biology of Hagfishes, with a Report on Newly Obtained Embryos of the Japanese Inshore Hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri". Zoological Science. 25 (10): 999-1011.
  11. ^ Oisi, Yasuhiro; Fujimoto, Satoko; Ota, Kinya; Kuratani, Shigeru (2015). "On the peculiar morphology and development of the hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves and hypobranchial muscles in the hagfish". Zoological Letters. 1 (6). doi:10.1186/s40851-014-0005-9.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

Whitefke (talk) 21:21, 11 May 2021 (UTC)

Week 12: Images[edit]

I have already added an image to my article. Here is the link: Hagfish. It is also in the group sandbox in the 1st and 2nd drafts of my edits: User:JDinauer/Group_Sandbox.

Whitefke (talk) 17:50, 7 May 2021 (UTC)

Week 11: Draft #2[edit]

Link to Group Sandbox[edit]

User:JDinauer/Group_Sandbox

Article Being Edited[edit]

The Wikipedia my group is editing is called, "Hagfish." Here is the link: Hagfish.

Original Version from the "Slime" Section[edit]

Hagfish are long and vermiform, and can exude copious quantities of a milky and fibrous slime or mucus from some 100 glands or invaginations running along their flanks.[1] The species Myxine glutinosa was named for this slime. When captured and held, e.g., by the tail, they secrete the microfibrous mucus, which expands into up to 20 litres (5+1⁄4 US gallons) of sticky, gelatinous material when combined with water;[2] one litre of slime has about 40 milligrams of mucus and proteins.[3] If they remain captured, they can tie themselves in an overhand knot, which works its way from the head to the tail of the animal, scraping off the slime as it goes and freeing them from their captor. Rheological investigations showed that hagfish slime viscosity increases in elongational flow which favors gill clogging of suction feeding fish, while its viscosity decreases in shear which facilitates scraping off the slime by the travelling-knot.[4]

A hagfish using its slime to get away from a predator.
Edited Version[edit]

Hagfish are long and vermiform, and can exude copious quantities of a milky and fibrous slime or mucus from about 100 glands or invaginations running along their flanks.[1] Hagfish are able to produce a lot of slime, which combines with seawater, when they are in danger as a defense mechanism. This slime that hagfish excrete has very thin fibers that make it more durable and sticky than the slime excreted by other animals.[5] The fibers are made of proteins and also make the slime flexible. If they are caught by a predator, they can quickly release a large amount of slime to escape.[6] If they remain captured, they can tie themselves in an overhand knot, and work their way from the head to the tail of the animal, scraping off the slime and freeing themselves from their captor. Rheological investigations have shown that hagfish slime viscosity increases in elongational flow which favors gill clogging of suction feeding fish, while its viscosity decreases in shear which facilitates scraping off the slime by the travelling-knot.[4]

Original Version from the "Nervous System" Section[edit]

The origins of the vertebrate nervous system are of considerable interest to evolutionary biologists, and cyclostomes (hagfish and lampreys) are an important group for answering this question. The complexity of the hagfish brain has been an issue of debate since the late 19th century, with some morphologists believing that they do not possess a cerebellum, while others believe that it is continuous with the midbrain.[7] It is now believed that the hagfish neuroanatomy is similar to that of lampreys.[8] A common feature of both cyclostomes is the absence of myelin in neurons.[9]

Edited Version[edit]

The origins of the vertebrate nervous system are of considerable interest to evolutionary biologists, and cyclostomes (hagfish and lampreys) are an important group for answering this question. The complexity of the hagfish brain has been an issue of debate since the late 19th century, with some morphologists suggesting that they do not possess a cerebellum, while others suggest that it is continuous with the midbrain.[7] It is now considered that the hagfish neuroanatomy is similar to that of lampreys.[8] A common feature of both cyclostomes is the absence of myelin in neurons.[9] The brain of a hagfish has specific parts in similar to the brains of other vertebrates.[10] The dorsal and ventral muscles located towards the side of the hagfish body are connected to spinal nerves. The spinal nerves that connect to the muscles of the pharyngeal wall grow individually to reach them [11]

References[edit]
  1. ^ a b Rothschild, Anna (2013-04-01). "Hagfish slime: The clothing of the future?". BBC News. Retrieved 2013-04-02.
  2. ^ "Snotties at Southern Encounter". Southern Encounter Aquarium and Kiwi House. 2007-10-30. Archived from the original on June 7, 2013. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
  3. ^ Yong, Ed (2019-01-23). "No One Is Prepared for Hagfish Slime". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2019-01-26.
  4. ^ a b Böni, Lukas; Fischer, Peter; Böcker, Lukas; Kuster, Simon; Rühs, Patrick A. (September 2016). "Hagfish slime and mucin flow properties and their implications for defense". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 30371. doi:10.1038/srep30371.
  5. ^ Fudge, Douglas; Levy, Nimrod; Chiu, Scott; Gosline, John (2005). "Composition, morphology and mechanics of hagfish slime". Journal of Experimental Biology. 208: 4613-4625. doi:10.1242/jeb.01963.
  6. ^ Böni, Lukas; Fischer, Peter; Böcker, Lukas; Kuster, Simon; Rühs, Patrick (2016). "Hagfish slime and mucin flow properties and their implications for defense". Scientific Reports. 6. doi:10.1038/srep30371.
  7. ^ a b Larsell, O (1947), "The cerebellum of myxinoids and petromyzonts including developmental stages in the lampreys.", Journal of Experimental Biology, 210 (22): 3897–3909, doi:10.1002/cne.900860303, PMID 20239748
  8. ^ a b Wicht, H (1996), "The brains of lampreys and hagfishes: Characteristics, characters, and comparisons.", Brain, Behavior and Evolution, 48 (5): 248–261, doi:10.1159/000113204, PMID 8932866
  9. ^ a b Bullock, T.H.; Moore, J.K.; Fields, R.D. (1984). "Evolution of myelin sheaths: both lamprey and hagfish lack myelin". Neuroscience Letters. 48 (2): 145–148. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(84)90010-7. PMID 6483278.
  10. ^ Ota, Kinya; Kuratani, Shigeru (2008). "Developmental Biology of Hagfishes, with a Report on Newly Obtained Embryos of the Japanese Inshore Hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri". Zoological Science. 25 (10): 999-1011.
  11. ^ Oisi, Yasuhiro; Fujimoto, Satoko; Ota, Kinya; Kuratani, Shigeru (2015). "On the peculiar morphology and development of the hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves and hypobranchial muscles in the hagfish". Zoological Letters. 1 (6). doi:10.1186/s40851-014-0005-9.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

Whitefke (talk) 01:58, 1 May 2021 (UTC)

Week 9: Feedback Responses[edit]

Note: I originally thought that we were supposed to start working on the second draft as well this week. I did not realize until later that we only had to make a plan. Instead of deleting it, however, I thought I would just leave it in.

Changes to Make for 2nd Draft Based on Peer Reviews[edit]
  • Rearrange my edit in the paragraph about the slime so that it flows better.
  • Make copy edit changes suggested by Knowl8dge. Fix any grammar errors and try to use better word choices.
  • Specify which sections from the article are being edited.
  • Expand on the paragraph about the nervous system more. Add more information.
  • I did not notice this before, but it seems like my citations and reference list got changed slightly somehow in our group sandbox. I will have to be careful it does not happen again with the second draft. I will be more careful when moving things to the group sandbox.
  • It was brought to my attention that two of the sources in the reference list may not be reliable. For my edits, I used three sources that were peer-reviewed journal articles. The other sources in the list were already in the original article. The main focus of my edits were to add more information and images to areas of the article that needed them. I will replace the sentences that use the unreliable sources with information from reliable sources, like peer-reviewed journal articles. I will find a reliable source to replace the unreliable ones.
  • Include a link to the actual article.
  • Double check to see if there is anywhere else I can cross-link to other pages.
Draft After Peer Reviews[edit]

Link to Group Sandbox

User:JDinauer/Group_Sandbox

Article Being Edited

The Wikipedia my group is editing is called, "Hagfish." Here is the link: Hagfish.

Original Version from the "Slime" Section

Hagfish are long and vermiform, and can exude copious quantities of a milky and fibrous slime or mucus from some 100 glands or invaginations running along their flanks.[1] The species Myxine glutinosa was named for this slime. When captured and held, e.g., by the tail, they secrete the microfibrous mucus, which expands into up to 20 litres (5+1⁄4 US gallons) of sticky, gelatinous material when combined with water;[2] one litre of slime has about 40 milligrams of mucus and proteins.[3] If they remain captured, they can tie themselves in an overhand knot, which works its way from the head to the tail of the animal, scraping off the slime as it goes and freeing them from their captor. Rheological investigations showed that hagfish slime viscosity increases in elongational flow which favors gill clogging of suction feeding fish, while its viscosity decreases in shear which facilitates scraping off the slime by the travelling-knot.[4]

A hagfish using its slime to get away from a predator.

Edited Version

Hagfish are long and vermiform, and can exude copious quantities of a milky and fibrous slime or mucus from about 100 glands or invaginations running along their flanks.[1] Hagfish are able to produce a lot of slime, which combines with seawater, when they are in danger as a defense mechanism. This slime that hagfish excrete has very thin fibers that make it more durable and sticky than the slime excreted by other animals.[5] The fibers are made of proteins and also make the slime flexible. If they are caught by a predator, they can quickly release a large amount of slime to escape.[6] If they remain captured, they can tie themselves in an overhand knot, and work their way from the head to the tail of the animal, scraping off the slime and freeing themselves from their captor. Rheological investigations have shown that hagfish slime viscosity increases in elongational flow which favors gill clogging of suction feeding fish, while its viscosity decreases in shear which facilitates scraping off the slime by the travelling-knot.[4]

Original Version from the "Nervous System" Section

The origins of the vertebrate nervous system are of considerable interest to evolutionary biologists, and cyclostomes (hagfish and lampreys) are an important group for answering this question. The complexity of the hagfish brain has been an issue of debate since the late 19th century, with some morphologists believing that they do not possess a cerebellum, while others believe that it is continuous with the midbrain.[7] It is now believed that the hagfish neuroanatomy is similar to that of lampreys.[8] A common feature of both cyclostomes is the absence of myelin in neurons.[9]

Edited Version

The origins of the vertebrate nervous system are of considerable interest to evolutionary biologists, and cyclostomes (hagfish and lampreys) are an important group for answering this question. The complexity of the hagfish brain has been an issue of debate since the late 19th century, with some morphologists suggesting that they do not possess a cerebellum, while others suggest that it is continuous with the midbrain.[7] It is now considered that the hagfish neuroanatomy is similar to that of lampreys.[8] A common feature of both cyclostomes is the absence of myelin in neurons.[9] The brain of a hagfish has specific parts in similar to the brains of other vertebrates.[10] The dorsal and ventral muscles located towards the side of the hagfish body are connected to spinal nerves. The spinal nerves that connect to the muscles of the pharyngeal wall grow individually to reach them [11]

References

  1. ^ a b Rothschild, Anna (2013-04-01). "Hagfish slime: The clothing of the future?". BBC News. Retrieved 2013-04-02.
  2. ^ "Snotties at Southern Encounter". Southern Encounter Aquarium and Kiwi House. 2007-10-30. Archived from the original on June 7, 2013. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
  3. ^ Yong, Ed (2019-01-23). "No One Is Prepared for Hagfish Slime". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2019-01-26.
  4. ^ a b Böni, Lukas; Fischer, Peter; Böcker, Lukas; Kuster, Simon; Rühs, Patrick A. (September 2016). "Hagfish slime and mucin flow properties and their implications for defense". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 30371. doi:10.1038/srep30371.
  5. ^ Fudge, Douglas; Levy, Nimrod; Chiu, Scott; Gosline, John (2005). "Composition, morphology and mechanics of hagfish slime". Journal of Experimental Biology. 208: 4613-4625. doi:10.1242/jeb.01963.
  6. ^ Böni, Lukas; Fischer, Peter; Böcker, Lukas; Kuster, Simon; Rühs, Patrick (2016). "Hagfish slime and mucin flow properties and their implications for defense". Scientific Reports. 6. doi:10.1038/srep30371.
  7. ^ a b Larsell, O (1947), "The cerebellum of myxinoids and petromyzonts including developmental stages in the lampreys.", Journal of Experimental Biology, 210 (22): 3897–3909, doi:10.1002/cne.900860303, PMID 20239748
  8. ^ a b Wicht, H (1996), "The brains of lampreys and hagfishes: Characteristics, characters, and comparisons.", Brain, Behavior and Evolution, 48 (5): 248–261, doi:10.1159/000113204, PMID 8932866
  9. ^ a b Bullock, T.H.; Moore, J.K.; Fields, R.D. (1984). "Evolution of myelin sheaths: both lamprey and hagfish lack myelin". Neuroscience Letters. 48 (2): 145–148. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(84)90010-7. PMID 6483278.
  10. ^ Ota, Kinya; Kuratani, Shigeru (2008). "Developmental Biology of Hagfishes, with a Report on Newly Obtained Embryos of the Japanese Inshore Hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri". Zoological Science. 25 (10): 999-1011.
  11. ^ Oisi, Yasuhiro; Fujimoto, Satoko; Ota, Kinya; Kuratani, Shigeru (2015). "On the peculiar morphology and development of the hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves and hypobranchial muscles in the hagfish". Zoological Letters. 1 (6). doi:10.1186/s40851-014-0005-9.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

Whitefke (talk) 21:55, 16 April 2021 (UTC)

Week 8: Peer Reviews[edit]

Group Sandboxes[edit]

1. Cat Anatomy Group Sandbox

2. Shark Anatomists Group Sandbox

Peer Reviews for Cat Anatomy Group Sandbox[edit]

General Comments:

  • This group is working on editing the "Cat Anatomy" page.
  • Everyone does a good job keeping their edits neutral. I did not notice any personal opinions in any of the edits.
  • Everyone seems to be contributing evenly.
  • I liked how it was easy to see who did what. Ashley worked on the "Muscles" section of the article. Cyah worked on the introduction of the article. Maria worked on the "Legs" section of the article. Cindy worked on the "Mouth" section of the article.
  • In regards to sources, it was hard for me to tell which sources were added by the group members.
  • In terms of integration, my group and I are working on an article about hagfish, while your group is working on an article about cats, which are mammals. This means that there is probably nothing much that links up between our groups. I am sure, however, that there is a lot of things that link up between your group and the mammalian group.

Ashley Press:

  • You did a good job restructuring the part of the article you are editing. It makes it much easier to read.
  • I noticed some grammatical errors in the "Neck and Back" section. I would recommend looking at the first, third, and fourth sentences of the paragraph. For example, I think it should be "allow," instead of "allows," in the first sentence. I also saw a grammar error and spelling error in the "Trapezius" section. I would recommend looking at the first and last sentences of the paragraph. For example, I think you meant "draw," instead of "draes," in the last sentence. Some of the errors are very minor, but others make the sentences awkward to read.
  • I was wondering if you had any plans to add any images.
  • Did you happen to use any new sources. I was wondering because I noticed that there were no citations in your draft.

Cyah Dade:

  • In general, your paragraph looks good. It is well organized and easy to follow. I felt like the last two sentences, however, were worded a little awkwardly towards the end. I felt like there could be an easier way to word them.
  • A new image that can go along with the information that you added could be nice.
  • Did you happen to use any new sources?

Maria Benitez:

  • Your edited paragraph is well organized and easy to follow. It helps that you also copied and pasted the original paragraph for comparison.
  • I did not see any grammatical or spelling errors.
  • Do you have any plans for adding an image?

Cindy Ocotlan-Garcia:

  • I did not notice any grammatical or spelling errors.
  • Are you planning on modifying the image in your section at all? Do you have plans for adding another image?
  • Your draft is well organized and easy to follow. I think it would have been helpful, however, to have copied and pasted the original text from the article to make it easier to see your edits.
Peer Review for Shark Anatomists Group Sandbox [edit]

General Comments:

  • This group is editing the "Shark Anatomy" page.
  • It seems like everyone is contributing evenly.
  • In general, everyone seems to be doing a good job using neutral content.
  • Everyone seems to have found new reliable sources.
  • Alyssa is working on the "Integument" and "Muscles" sections. Taylor is working on "The Five Synapomorphies" and "Shark Internal Organs" sections. Alexia is working on the "Shark Teeth" section.
  • In regards to integration, my group and I are working on an article about hagfish, while you are working on an article about sharks. As such, I cannot really see anything that links up between our groups.

Alyssa Jordan

  • I liked how you rearranged the "Integument" section. It well organized and easy to follow.
  • I did not notice any grammatical or spelling errors.
  • I liked how you explained plans for editing.

Taylor Stokes

  • I did not notice any grammatical or spelling errors.
  • Your paragraphs are well organized and easy to follow.
  • I liked the image that you plan to add. I think you could maybe add more to the figure caption to better explain the image.
  • It would have been nice if you had somehow identified the edits you made to make them easier to locate.

Alexia Sodia

  • For the sake of being as neutral as possible, I would recommend leaving out the part where you say that shark teeth are fascinating in the first sentence that is not crossed out.
  • I noticed that there was a spelling error in the last sentence of the last paragraph. I think you meant "and" instead of "ad."
  • Do you have any specific plans for images?

Whitefke (talk) 03:04, 9 April 2021 (UTC)

Week 6: Draft 1 of Edits[edit]

Link to Group Sandbox[edit]

User:JDinauer/Group_Sandbox

Article Being Edited[edit]

The Wikipedia my group is editing is called, "Hagfish." Here is the link: Hagfish.

Original Version[edit]

Hagfish are long and vermiform, and can exude copious quantities of a milky and fibrous slime or mucus from some 100 glands or invaginations running along their flanks.[1] The species Myxine glutinosa was named for this slime. When captured and held, e.g., by the tail, they secrete the microfibrous mucus, which expands into up to 20 litres (5+1⁄4 US gallons) of sticky, gelatinous material when combined with water;[2] one litre of slime has about 40 milligrams of mucus and proteins.[3] If they remain captured, they can tie themselves in an overhand knot, which works its way from the head to the tail of the animal, scraping off the slime as it goes and freeing them from their captor. Rheological investigations showed that hagfish slime viscosity increases in elongational flow which favors gill clogging of suction feeding fish, while its viscosity decreases in shear which facilitates scraping off the slime by the travelling-knot.[4]

A hagfish using its slime to get away from a predator.
Edited Version[edit]

Hagfish are long and vermiform, and can exude copious quantities of a milky and fibrous slime or mucus from some 100 glands or invaginations running along their flanks.[1] The slime that hagfish excrete contain very thin fibers that make it more durable and sticky than slime excreted by other animals.[5] The species Myxine glutinosa was named for this slime. When captured and held, e.g., by the tail, they secrete the microfibrous mucus, which expands into up to 20 litres (5+1⁄4 US gallons) of sticky, gelatinous material when combined with water;[2] one litre of slime has about 40 milligrams of mucus and proteins.[3] If they remain captured, they can tie themselves in an overhand knot, which works its way from the head to the tail of the animal, scraping off the slime as it goes and freeing them from their captor. Rheological investigations showed that hagfish slime viscosity increases in elongational flow which favors gill clogging of suction feeding fish, while its viscosity decreases in shear which facilitates scraping off the slime by the travelling-knot.[4]

Original Version[edit]

The origins of the vertebrate nervous system are of considerable interest to evolutionary biologists, and cyclostomes (hagfish and lampreys) are an important group for answering this question. The complexity of the hagfish brain has been an issue of debate since the late 19th century, with some morphologists believing that they do not possess a cerebellum, while others believe that it is continuous with the midbrain.[6] It is now believed that the hagfish neuroanatomy is similar to that of lampreys.[7] A common feature of both cyclostomes is the absence of myelin in neurons.[8]

Edited Version[edit]

The origins of the vertebrate nervous system are of considerable interest to evolutionary biologists, and cyclostomes (hagfish and lampreys) are an important group for answering this question. The complexity of the hagfish brain has been an issue of debate since the late 19th century, with some morphologists believing that they do not possess a cerebellum, while others believe that it is continuous with the midbrain.[6] It is now believed that the hagfish neuroanatomy is similar to that of lampreys.[7] A common feature of both cyclostomes is the absence of myelin in neurons.[8] The brain of a hagfish has parts in common with the brains of other vertebrates.[9] The dorsal and ventral muscles located towards the side of the hagfish body are connected to spinal nerves.[10]

References[edit]
  1. ^ a b Rothschild, Anna (2013-04-01). "Hagfish slime: The clothing of the future?". BBC News. Retrieved 2013-04-02.
  2. ^ a b "Snotties at Southern Encounter". Southern Encounter Aquarium and Kiwi House. 2007-10-30. Archived from the original on June 7, 2013. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
  3. ^ a b Yong, Ed (2019-01-23). "No One Is Prepared for Hagfish Slime". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2019-01-26.
  4. ^ a b Böni, Lukas; Fischer, Peter; Böcker, Lukas; Kuster, Simon; Rühs, Patrick A. (September 2016). "Hagfish slime and mucin flow properties and their implications for defense". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 30371. doi:10.1038/srep30371.
  5. ^ Fudge, Douglas; Levy, Nimrod; Chiu, Scott; Gosline, John (2005). "Composition, morphology and mechanics of hagfish slime". Journal of Experimental Biology. 208: 4613-4625. doi:10.1242/jeb.01963.
  6. ^ a b Larsell, O (1947), "The cerebellum of myxinoids and petromyzonts including developmental stages in the lampreys.", Journal of Experimental Biology, 210 (22): 3897–3909, doi:10.1002/cne.900860303, PMID 20239748
  7. ^ a b Wicht, H (1996), "The brains of lampreys and hagfishes: Characteristics, characters, and comparisons.", Brain, Behavior and Evolution, 48 (5): 248–261, doi:10.1159/000113204, PMID 8932866
  8. ^ a b Bullock, T.H.; Moore, J.K.; Fields, R.D. (1984). "Evolution of myelin sheaths: both lamprey and hagfish lack myelin". Neuroscience Letters. 48 (2): 145–148. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(84)90010-7. PMID 6483278.
  9. ^ Ota, Kinya; Kuratani, Shigeru (2008). "Developmental Biology of Hagfishes, with a Report on Newly Obtained Embryos of the Japanese Inshore Hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri". Zoological Science. 25 (10): 999-1011.
  10. ^ Oisi, Yasuhiro; Fujimoto, Satoko; Ota, Kinya; Kuratani, Shigeru (2015). "On the peculiar morphology and development of the hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves and hypobranchial muscles in the hagfish". Zoological Letters. 1 (6). doi:10.1186/s40851-014-0005-9.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

Whitefke (talk) 17:45, 26 March 2021 (UTC)

Week 5: Game Plan and Finding Sources (Individual Brainstorming)[edit]

Link to Group Sandbox[edit]

User:JDinauer/Group_Sandbox

I will be transferring all relevant parts of my brainstorming to the group sandbox page linked above. I am using this sections to organize my thoughts first.

Images[edit]

Adding an image of a hagfish excreting slime to defend against a predator could be helpful and interesting. Using Creative Commons, I was able to find a possible image from Wikimedia Commons that could be used. Here is the link to Wikimedia Commons where the image can be found: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hagfish_Slime_Predator_Deterrence.jpg.

Topic[edit]

Link to article: Hagfish

I am planning on focusing on hagfish anatomy. There are some sections in the article regarding hagfish anatomy that could use more information in general.

An example of edits that could be made are adding some more sentences, such as:

  • The dorsal and ventral muscles located towards the side of the hagfish body are connected to spinal nerves.[1]
  • The brain of a hagfish has parts in common with the brains of other vertebrates.[2]
  • The slime that hagfish excrete contain very thin fibers that make it more durable and sticky than slime excreted by other animals.[3]
References[edit]
  1. ^ Oisi, Yasuhiro; Fujimoto, Satoko; Ota, Kinya; Kuratani, Shigeru (2015). "On the peculiar morphology and development of the hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves and hypobranchial muscles in the hagfish". Zoological Letters. 1 (6). doi:10.1186/s40851-014-0005-9.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  2. ^ Ota, Kinya; Kuratani, Shigeru (2008). "Developmental Biology of Hagfishes, with a Report on Newly Obtained Embryos of the Japanese Inshore Hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri". Zoological Science. 25 (10): 999-1011.
  3. ^ Fudge, Douglas; Levy, Nimrod; Chiu, Scott; Gosline, John (2005). "Composition, morphology and mechanics of hagfish slime". Journal of Experimental Biology. 208: 4613-4625. doi:10.1242/jeb.01963.

Whitefke (talk) 18:30, 19 March 2021 (UTC)

Week 4: Proposing Pages for Editing[edit]

Article Choice 1: "Cat Anatomy"[edit]
  • Link: Cat_anatomy
  • I chose this article because I have always found cats to be interesting. They have many interesting aspects, such as their sensitive ears and retractable claws.
  • Regarding edits for this article, there are some places that could use citations. There are also some sections that could use more information.
  • Related Wikipedia topics/pages: Cat_senses, Natural_bobtail, Cat
Article Choice 2: "Shark Anatomy"[edit]
  • Link: Shark_anatomy
  • I chose this article because I think sharks are very interesting with their tails they use for swimming and strong teeth.
  • Regarding edits for this article, I could add citations in places that need it and I could add information regarding the spleen and rectal gland.
  • Related Wikipedia topics/pages: Fish_anatomy, Shark, Shark_tooth
Article Choice 3: "Hagfish"[edit]
  • Link: Hagfish
  • I chose this article because I did the last two Wikipedia assignments on this article. As a result, I find myself interested in learning more about hagfish.
  • Regarding edits for this article, I could add more information regarding the phylogenetic tree in the article and add citations in places that need them.
  • Related Wikipedia topics/pages: Chordate, Chordate_genomics, List_of_chordate_orders

Whitefke (talk) 03:22, 13 March 2021 (UTC)

Week 3: Discussion and Article Edit[edit]

Discussion:[edit]

Blog posts and press releases are not reliable because they are not objective. They are usually trying to advertise something or push there own opinions. A company's website can be biased. Companies always want to make themselves look good. If you want information about a company, it is better to look at outside sources that will be more objective. A copyright violation is when you use information from a source when the author did not give permission for it to be used openly. Plagiarism is when you use other people's ideas and do not give them credit. Good way to avoid close paraphrasing and plagiarism is to take notes in your own words. Look at multiple sources to make sure you understand the topic. Always cite your sources and have a Reference section.

(My group was not able to discuss the questions for this week, so I only have my own thoughts written.)

Article Edit:[edit]

I will be adding to the article by adding 1-2 sentences and citing the statement to a reliable source, as I learned in the online training.

The article I looked at was titled, "Hagfish." Here is the link: Hagfish. Looking at the article, I felt that more information could had been added to explain the phylogenetic tree. I looked at the source from which the author got the phylogenetic tree to learn more about it. This source is #55 in the article. The following is a few sentences that could be added to the article to explain the phylogenetic tree:

The phylogenetic tree depicts the evolutionary history of the cyclostomes. All indicated dates shown are rough estimates. It shows that lampreys and hagfish, both members of the Cyclostomata, separated sometime between 430 and 480 Mya.[1]

Reference

  1. ^ Kuraku, S.; Kuratani, S. (2006). "Time scale for cyclostome evolution inferred with a phylogenetic diagnosis of hagfish and lamprey cDNA sequences". Zoological Science. 23 (12): 1053–1064. doi:10.2108/zsj.23.1053. PMID 17261918.

Whitefke (talk) 03:23, 13 March 2021 (UTC)

Feedback: Discussion and Adding to an Article[edit]

  • Thank you for your notes on the discussion.
  • I like that you included the citation here. It is absolutely true that copy-pasting a citation from your sandbox to the article you are working on will result in an error maybe 50% of the time. However, by working on it here first, you will be familiar with the critical components of the citation and be able to preview it rather than struggle with trying to get that to work on the article page itself. Practice makes perfect here so good job.
  • I think your suggestions have the potential to make this article much clearer and easier to read. I'd like to see you submit this edit suggestion to the article talk page (this is ABSOLUTELY up to you).
  • A benefit of doing that is the potential feedback of other Wikipedians working on this page. They can help direct your potential edits and point you in useful directions.
  • Remember to "sign" your work after submission. Even though this is your sandbox and you do not need to do it, get into the habit as it is an expectation of good faith practice when contributing to articles or talk pages.

Osquaesitor (talk) 23:33, 12 March 2021 (UTC)


  • Remember to "sign" your work after submission. Even though this is your sandbox and you do not need to do it, get into the habit as it is an expectation of good faith practice when contributing to articles or talk pages.

Week 2: Discussion and Article Evaluation[edit]

Lab Discussion Questions:[edit]

A content gap is where there is not enough information. If you read an article and come to a place that does not make sense or makes you confused, there could be a content gap.

A content gap could appear due to poor writing or not enough reliable resources. This can be fixed by obtaining more reliable resources and gaining a better understanding of the topic.

It does not matter who writes in Wikipedia. The important thing is that the person uses many reliable resources and gains a good understanding of the topic before writing.

To be unbiases, you have to use resources that are not trying to sell something or persuade readers in one direction or another. Also, it is important not to make any personal conclusion. This is how I think of being unbiased. It is important to just give the facts, not personal opinions.


For the assigned article: For the article I am evaluating, I think more could said about the phylogeny. I feel like more could be said to explain the figure. For example, what is the meaning of the cross next to Myxinikela siroka on the tree?

(A summary of my thoughts can be found at this link: User:JDinauer/sandbox.)

Article Evaluation:[edit]

The article I am evaluating title, "Hagfish." This is the link: Hagfish. The topic of my article is about hagfish in general. As such, everything in the article is related to the topic. There is no distracting content that has nothing to do with the topic of the article. The article seems to be neutral. There was nothing written that suggested that the author added any personal opinions. While there are some areas in this article that could use a little more information, it does not seem like the author is trying to promote one viewpoint over another. The author uses all sources relatively equally. The author does not use one source significantly more than the others. Furthermore, there are many citations, indicating that the author did a lot of research and based the article on facts from that research. Based on the citations I have checked, they seem to be formatted. The links to the original sources seem to work. The original sources support what is written in the article. The references are reliable, most of them being from academic journals, and they do not seem to be biased. There seems to be some places in the article that could use a citation. To check for plagiarism, I put a phrase in the Google search bar to see if anything close to it came up. Some of the sources used are old. I feel like there are sections of the article that could have been made more clear and had more information added, such as the section regarding hagfish eyes or the phylogenic tree. The author gives credit to the original articles. In the talk page of the article, there is a discussion regarding whether the hagfish is a vertebrate or not. There were suggestions regarding missing information that could be added in specific sections. This article is C-Class, and it is a part of WikiProject Fishes, WikiProject Food and drink, and WikiProject Fisheries and Fishing. This article has more information on hagfish than we talked about in class, since we only talked a little bit about hagfish while going over vertebrates.

Whitefke (talk) 03:24, 13 March 2021 (UTC)

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