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1945

[edit]

1946

[edit]

In early September 1946, AP Newsfeatures published a "Major College Football Schedule". It included 99 schools.[1]

1947

[edit]

AP Newsfeatures

[edit]

In early September 1947, AP Newsfeatures published a "Major College Football Schedule". It identified 98 "major" teams as follows:[2]

Big Nine (9/9): Illinios, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Northwestern, Ohio State, Purdue, Wisconsin

Big Six (6/6): Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma

Ivy League (8/8): Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Penn, Princeton, Yale

PCC (10/10): California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Oregon State, Stanford, UCLA, USC, Washington, Washington State

SEC (12/12): Alabama, Auburn, Florida, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, LSU, Mississippi State, Ole Miss, Tennessee, Tulane, Vanderbilt

Southwest (7/7): Arkansas, Baylor, Rice, SMU, Texas, Texas A&M, TCU

Southern (11/16): Clemson, Duke, Maryland, North Carolina, NC State, Richmond, South Carolina, VMI, VPI, Wake Forest, William & Mary (Not included: The Citadel, Davidson, Furman, George Washington, Washington and Lee )

Middle Three (2/3): Lafayette, Rutgers (Not included: Lehigh)

Mountain States (5/7): Colorado, Denver, Utah, Utah State, Wyoming (Not included: BYU, Colorado A&M)

Missouri Valley (2/5): Oklahoma A&M, Tulsa (Not included: Drake, Saint Louis, Wichita)

Rocky Mountain (2/5): Colorado College, Montana State (Not included: Colorado State–Greeley, Colorado Mines, Western State (CO))

Border (3/9): Arizona, New Mexico, Texas Tech, (Not included: Arizona State, Arizona State-Flagstaff, Hardin-Simmons, New Mexico A&M, Texas Mines, West Texas State)

Eastern independents (13): Army, Boston College, Boston University, Bucknell, Colgate, Fordham, Holy Cross, Merchant Marine, NYU, Penn State, Pittsburgh, Syracuse, Temple, Villanova

Other (8): Georgetown, Marquette, Michigan State, Navy, Notre Dame, Saint Mary's (CA), Virginia, West Virginia

National Collegiate Athletic Bureau

[edit]

The National Collegiate Athletic Bureau (predecessor to the NCAA Service Bureau?) maintained its own list of "major" colleges that appears to have been significantly more extensive than the AP Newsfeatures' list. For example, we have published articles indicating that the Athletic Bureau rated the following teams as within the "major college" category: Chattanooga, Colorado A&M, Drake, Furman, Nevada, Saint Louis,[3] Lehigh,[4] Texas Mines,[5] BYU, Davidson, Detroit, Hardin-Simmons, Nevada, San Francisco, and Wichita.[6]

1948

[edit]

In August 1948, AP Newsfeatures published a "Major College Football Schedule" identifying the following 102 teams as "major". The team included are as follows:[7]

Big Nine (9/9): Illinios, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Northwestern, Ohio State, Purdue, Wisconsin

Big Seven (7/7): Colorado, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma

Ivy League (8/8): Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Penn, Princeton, Yale

PCC (10/10): California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Oregon State, Stanford, UCLA, USC, Washington, Washington State

SEC (12/12): Alabama, Auburn, Florida, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, LSU, Mississippi State, Ole Miss, Tennessee, Tulane, Vanderbilt

Southwest (7/7): Arkansas, Baylor, Rice, SMU, Texas, Texas A&M, TCU

Southern (12/16): Clemson, Duke, Maryland, North Carolina, NC State, Richmond, South Carolina, VMI, VPI, Wake Forest, Washington and Lee, William & Mary (Not included: The Citadel, Davidson, Furman, George Washington)

Skyline (4/6): Denver, Utah, Utah State, Wyoming (Not included: BYU, Colorado A&M)

Middle Three (2/3): Lafayette, Rutgers (Not included: Lehigh)

Missouri Valley (2/5): Oklahoma A&M, Tulsa (Not included: Drake, Saint Louis, Wichita)

Border (3/9): Arizona, New Mexico, Texas Tech, (Not included: Arizona State, Arizona State-Flagstaff, Hardin-Simmons, New Mexico A&M, Texas Mines, West Texas State)

Eastern independents (14): Army, Boston College, Boston University, Bucknell, Colgate, Fordham, Holy Cross, Merchant Marine, NYU, Penn State, Pittsburgh, Syracuse, Temple, Villanova,

Other (12): Colorado College, Georgetown, Marquette, Miami (FL), Michigan State, Montana State, Navy, Notre Dame, Santa Clara, Saint Mary's (CA), Virginia, West Virginia

The NCAA Service Bureau used its own classification system and included teams not listed by the AP Newsfeatures. E.g., Miami (OH), Nevada.[8] There are also newspaper accounts indicating other schools were classified as "major". E.g., Portland.[9]

1949

[edit]

Source:[10]

East (27): Army, Boston College, Boston University, Brown, Bucknell, Colgate, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Fordham, Georgetown, Harvard, Holy Cross, Lafayette, Maryland, Navy, NYU, Pennsylvania, Penn State, Pittsburgh, Princeton, Rutgers, Syracuse, Temple, Villanova, West Virginia, Yale

Midwest (21): Detroit, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Marquette, Michigan, Michigan State, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Northwestern, Notre Dame, Ohio State, Oklahoma, Oklahoma A&M, Purdue, Tulsa, Wisconsin

South (26): Alabama, Auburn, Clemson, Duke, Florida, George Washington, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, LSU, Miami, Mississippi, Mississippi State, North Carolina, North Carolina State, Richmond, South Carolina, Tennessee, Tulane, Vanderbilt, Virginia, VMI, VPI, Wake Forest, Washington & Lee, William & Mary

Southwest (8): Arkansas, Baylor, Rice, SMU, Texas, Texas A&M, TCU, Texas Tech

Rocky Mountain (8): Arizona, Colorado A&M, Colorado, Denver, New Mexico, Utah, Utah State, Wyoming

Far West (13): California, Idaho, Montana, Montana State, Oregon, Oregon State, St. Mary's, Santa Clara, Southern California, Stanford, UCLA, Washington, Washington State

Total teams: 103

1950

[edit]

Source:[11]

East (27): Army, Boston College, Boston University, Brown, Bucknell, Colgate, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Fordham, Georgetown, Harvard, Holy Cross, Lafayette, Maryland, Navy, NYU, Pennsylvania, Penn State, Pittsburgh, Princeton, Rutgers, Syracuse, Temple, Villanova, West Virginia, Yale

Midwest (21): Detroit, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Marquette, Michigan, Michigan State, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Northwestern, Notre Dame, Ohio State, Oklahoma, Oklahoma A&M, Purdue, Tulsa, Wisconsin

South (26): Alabama, Auburn, Clemson, Duke, Florida, George Washington, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, LSU, Miami, Mississippi, Mississippi State, North Carolina, North Carolina State, Richmond, South Carolina, Tennessee, Tulane, Vanderbilt, Virginia, VMI, VPI, Wake Forest, Washington & Lee, William & Mary

Southwest (8): Arkansas, Baylor, Rice, SMU, Texas, Texas A&M, TCU, Texas Tech

Rocky Mountain (8): Arizona, Colorado A&M, Colorado, Denver, New Mexico, Utah, Utah State, Wyoming

Far West (13): California, Idaho, Montana, Montana State, Oregon, Oregon State, St. Mary's, Santa Clara, Southern California, Stanford, UCLA, Washington, Washington State

Total teams: 103

Changes from 1949: none

1951

[edit]

Source:[12]

East (25): Army, Boston College, Boston University, Brown, Bucknell, Colgate, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Fordham, Harvard, Holy Cross, Lafayette, Maryland, Navy, NYU, Pennsylvania, Penn State, Pittsburgh, Princeton, Rutgers, Syracuse, Temple, Villanova, Yale

Midwest (21): Detroit, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Marquette, Michigan, Michigan State, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Northwestern, Notre Dame, Ohio State, Oklahoma, Oklahoma A&M, Purdue, Tulsa, Wisconsin

South (28): Alabama, Auburn, Chattanooga, Clemson, Duke, Florida, George Washington, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, LSU, Miami, Mississippi, Mississippi State, North Carolina, North Carolina State, Richmond, South Carolina, Tennessee, Tulane, Vanderbilt, Virginia, VMI, VPI, Wake Forest, Washington & Lee, West Virginia, William & Mary

Southwest (8): Arkansas, Baylor, Rice, SMU, Texas, Texas A&M, TCU, Texas Tech

Rocky Mountain (8): Arizona, Colorado A&M, Colorado, Denver, New Mexico, Utah, Utah State, Wyoming

Far West (15): California, Idaho, Montana, Montana State, Oregon, Oregon State, Pacific, San Francisco, San Jose State, Santa Clara, Southern California, Stanford, UCLA, Washington, Washington State

Total teams: 105

Changes from 1950 (net +2): Georgetown dropped, West Virginia moved to South, Chattanooga added, Pacific added, San Francisco added, San Jose State added, St. Mary's dropped

1952

[edit]

Source:[13]

East (24): Army, Boston College, Boston University, Brown, Bucknell, Colgate, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Fordham, Harvard, Holy Cross, Lafayette, Navy, NYU, Pennsylvania, Penn State, Pittsburgh, Princeton, Rutgers, Syracuse, Temple, Villanova, Yale

Midwest (23): Detroit, Drake, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Marquette, Michigan, Michigan State, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Northwestern, Notre Dame, Ohio State, Oklahoma, Oklahoma A&M, Purdue, Tulsa, Wichita, Wisconsin

South (32): Alabama, Auburn, Chattanooga, Citadel, Clemson, Davidson, Duke, Florida, Furman, George Washington, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, LSU, Maryland, Miami, Mississippi, Mississippi State, North Carolina, North Carolina State, Richmond, South Carolina, Tennessee, Tulane, Vanderbilt, Virginia, VMI, VPI, Wake Forest, Washington & Lee, West Virginia, William & Mary

Southwest (9): Arkansas, Baylor, Houston, Rice, SMU, Texas, Texas A&M, TCU, Texas Tech

Rocky Mountain (9): Arizona, Brigham Young, Colorado A&M, Colorado, Denver, New Mexico, Utah, Utah State, Wyoming

Far West (14): California, Idaho, Montana, Montana State, Oregon, Oregon State, Pacific, San Jose State, Santa Clara, Southern California, Stanford, UCLA, Washington, Washington State

Total teams (net +6): 111

Changes from 1951: Maryland moved to South, Drake added, Wichita added, Citadel added, Davidson added, Furman added, Houston added, Brigham Young added, San Francisco dropped

1953

[edit]

Source:[14]

East (23): Army, Boston College, Boston University, Brown, Bucknell, Colgate, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Fordham, Harvard, Holy Cross, Lafayette, Navy, Pennsylvania, Penn State, Pittsburgh, Princeton, Rutgers, Syracuse, Temple, Villanova, Yale

Midwest (24): Cincinnati, Detroit, Drake, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Marquette, Michigan, Michigan State, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Northwestern, Notre Dame, Ohio State, Oklahoma, Oklahoma A&M, Purdue, Tulsa, Wichita, Wisconsin

South (32): Alabama, Auburn, Chattanooga, Citadel, Clemson, Davidson, Duke, Florida, Furman, George Washington, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, LSU, Maryland, Miami, Mississippi, Mississippi State, North Carolina, North Carolina State, Richmond, South Carolina, Tennessee, Tulane, Vanderbilt, Virginia, VMI, VPI, Wake Forest, Washington & Lee, West Virginia, William & Mary

Southwest (9): Arkansas, Baylor, Houston, Rice, SMU, Texas, Texas A&M, TCU, Texas Tech

Rocky Mountain (9): Arizona, Brigham Young, Colorado A&M, Colorado, Denver, New Mexico, Utah, Utah State, Wyoming

Far West (13): California, Idaho, Montana, Montana State, Oregon, Oregon State, Pacific, San Jose State, Southern California, Stanford, UCLA, Washington, Washington State

Total teams (net -1): 110

Changes from 1952: NYU dropped, Cincinnati added, Santa Clara dropped

1954

[edit]

Note: discrepancies in the below need to be understood and/or resolved.

Per various sources

[edit]

Per the NCAA Service Bureau, there were 103 "major college" teams in 1954.[15] Per 1954 newspaper accounts, the majors included:

ACC (8): Clemson,[16] Duke,[16] Maryland,[16] North Carolina,[16] NC State,[16] South Carolina,[16] Virginia,[16] Wake Forest[16]

Big Seven (7): Colorado, Iowa State,[16] Kansas,[16] Kansas State,[16] Missouri,[16] Nebraska,[16] Oklahoma[16]

Big Ten (10): Illinois,[16] Indiana,[16] Iowa,[16] Michigan,[16] Michigan State,[16] Minnesota,[16] Northwestern,[16] Ohio State,[16] Purdue,[16] Wisconsin[16]

Border Conference (7): Arizona,[15] Arizona State, Hardin–Simmons,[16] New Mexico A&M, Texas Tech,[15] Texas Western, West Texas State

Ivy (8): Brown,[16] Columbia,[15][16] Cornell,[16] Dartmouth,[15][16] Harvard,[16] Penn,[16] Princeton,[16] Yale[16]

Missouri Valley Conference (5): Detroit,[16] Houston,[16] Oklahoma A&M,[16] Tulsa,[16] Wichita[15][16]

PCC (9): California,[16] Idaho,[16] Oregon,[16] Oregon State,[16] Stanford,[16] UCLA,[15][16] USC,[16] Washington,[16] Washington State[16]

Skyline (8): BYU, Colorado A&M, Denver, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, Utah State, Wyoming

SEC (12): Alabama,[16] Auburn,[16] Florida,[16] Georgia,[16] Georgia Tech,[16] Kentucky,[16] LSU,[16] Mississippi State,[16] Ole Miss,[16] Tennessee,[16] Tulane,[16] Vanderbilt[16]

Southern (9): Citadel,[16] Davidson,[16] Furman,[16] George Washington,[16] Richmond,[16] VMI,[16] VPI,[16] West Virginia,[16] William & Mary[16]

Southwest Conference (7): Arkansas,[16] Baylor,[16] Rice,[16] SMU,[16] Texas,[16] Texas A&M,[16] TCU[16]

Other: Army,[15][16] Boston College,[16] Boston University,[15][16] Bucknell,[16] Chattanooga,[16] Cincinnati[15][16] Colgate,[16] Drake,[16] Fordham,[15][16] Holy Cross,[15][16] Lafayette,[16] Marquette,[16] Miami (FL),[15][16] Navy,[15][16] Notre Dame,[15] Pacific,[16] Penn State,[15][16] Pittsburgh,[16] Rutgers,[16] San Jose State,[16] Syracuse,[16] Temple,[16] Villanova[15][16]

Total teams:

Per preseason "major college" schedule

[edit]

As published in August in various newspapers.

Source:[17]

East (23): Army, Boston College, Boston University, Brown, Bucknell, Colgate, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Fordham, Harvard, Holy Cross, Lafayette, Navy, Pennsylvania, Penn State, Pittsburgh, Princeton, Rutgers, Syracuse, Temple, Villanova, Yale

Midwest (24): Cincinnati, Detroit, Drake, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Marquette, Michigan, Michigan State, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Northwestern, Notre Dame, Ohio State, Oklahoma, Oklahoma A&M, Purdue, Tulsa, Wichita, Wisconsin

South (31): Alabama, Auburn, Chattanooga, Citadel, Clemson, Davidson, Duke, Florida, Furman, George Washington, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, LSU, Maryland, Miami, Mississippi, Mississippi State, North Carolina, North Carolina State, Richmond, South Carolina, Tennessee, Tulane, Vanderbilt, Virginia, VMI, VPI, Wake Forest, West Virginia, William & Mary

Southwest (10): Arkansas, Baylor, Hardin-Simmons, Houston, Rice, SMU, Texas, Texas A&M, TCU, Texas Tech

Rocky Mountain (12): Arizona, Arizona State, Brigham Young, Colorado A&M, Colorado, Denver, Montana, Montana State, New Mexico, Utah, Utah State, Wyoming

Far West (11): California, Idaho, Oregon, Oregon State, Pacific, San Jose, Southern California, Stanford, UCLA, Washington, Washington State

Total teams (net +1): 111

Changes from 1953: Washington & Lee dropped, Hardin-Simmons added, Arizona State added, Montana moved to Rocky Mountain, Montana State moved to Rocky Mountain, San Jose State now listed as San Jose

1955

[edit]

1956

[edit]

1962

[edit]

This article from October states there are 119 "major" teams, with the determination of major being made by "the NCAA delegates to the Football Writers Association of America".

1962 NCAA football records book contains a single "1962 NCAA-Member Schedules" section, NOT split into University and College division sections.

1963

[edit]

The 1963 NCAA football records book is the first published edition that splits the schedules between "University Division Schedules" and "College Division Schedules".

In the 1963 Official Collegiate Football Record Book, published by the NCAA, 136 teams were included in the NCAA University Division, as follows:[18]

AAWU (6/6): California, Stanford, UCLA, USC, Washington, Washington State

ACC (8/8): Clemson, Duke, Maryland, North Carolina, NC State, South Carolina, Virginia, Wake Forest

Big Eight (8/8): Colorado, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Oklahoma State

Big Ten (10/10): Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Michigan State, Minnesota, Ohio State, Northwestern, Purdue, Wisconsin

SEC (12/12): Alabama, Auburn, Florida, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, LSU, Mississippi State, Ole Miss, Tennessee, Tulane, Vanderbilt

Southwest Conference (8/8): Arkansas, Baylor, Rice, SMU, Texas, Texas A&M, TCU, Texas Tech

Ivy League (8/8): Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Penn, Princeton, Yale

Mid-American Conference (7/7): Bowling Green, Kent State, Marshall, Miami (OH), Ohio, Toledo, Western Michigan

Middle Atlantic Conference, University Division (6/6): Bucknell, Delaware, Gettysburg, Lafayette, Lehigh, Temple

Missouri Valley (5/5): Cincinnati, Louisville, North Texas State, Tulsa, Wichita

Western Athletic Conference (6/6): Arizona, Arizona State, BYU, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming

Southern Conference (8/9): The Citadel, Furman, George Washington, Richmond, VMI, VPI, West Virginia, William & Mary (Not included: Davidson)

Middle Three Conference (1): Rutgers [Lehigh and Lafayette counted in Middle Atlantic]

Big Sky (1/4): Montana State (Not included: Idaho State, Montana, Weber State)

Eastern independents (11): Army, Boston College, Boston University, Buffalo, Colgate, Holy Cross, Muhlenberg, Penn State, Pittsburgh, Syracuse, Villanova

Western independents (9): Air Force, Colorado State, Idaho, New Mexico State, Oregon, Oregon State, Pacific, San Jose State, Utah State

Southern independents (8): Florida State, Hardin-Simmons, Houston, Memphis State, Miami (FL), Navy, Texas Western, West Texas State

Midwestern independents (4): Dayton, Detroit, Notre Dame, Xavier

There are four University Division teams without 1963 season articles: Dayton, Gettysburg, Muhlenberg, West Texas State

1964

[edit]

In the 1964 Official Collegiate Football Record Book, published by the NCAA, 116 teams were included in the NCAA University Division, as follows:

AAWU (8/8): California, Oregon, Oregon State, Stanford, UCLA, USC, Washington, Washington State

ACC (8/8): Clemson, Duke, Maryland, North Carolina, NC State, South Carolina, Virginia, Wake Forest

Big Eight (8/8): Colorado, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Oklahoma State

Big Ten (10/10): Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Michigan State, Minnesota, Ohio State, Northwestern, Purdue, Wisconsin

SEC (11/11): Alabama, Auburn, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, LSU, Mississippi State, Ole Miss, Tennessee, Tulane, Vanderbilt

Southwest Conference (8/8): Arkansas, Baylor, Rice, SMU, Texas, Texas A&M, TCU, Texas Tech

Ivy League (8/8): Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Penn, Princeton, Yale

Mid-American Conference (7/7): Bowling Green, Kent State, Marshall, Miami (OH), Ohio, Toledo, Western Michigan

Missouri Valley (5/5): Cincinnati, Louisville, North Texas State, Tulsa, Wichita State

Western Athletic Conference (6/6): Arizona, Arizona State, BYU, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming

Southern Conference (8/9): The Citadel, Furman, George Washington, Richmond, VMI, VPI, West Virginia, William & Mary (Not included: Davidson)

Middle Three Conference (1/3): Rutgers [Not included: Lehigh and Lafayette]

Eastern independent (10): Army, Boston College, Boston University, Buffalo, Colgate, Holy Cross, Penn State, Pittsburgh, Syracuse, Villanova

Midwest independent (4): Dayton, Detroit, Notre Dame, Xavier

Southern independent (7): Florida State, Houston, Memphis State, Miami (FL), Navy, Texas Western, West Texas

Western independent (7): Air Force, Colorado State, Idaho, New Mexico State, Pacific, San Jose State, Utah State

Changes from 1963: Middle Atlantic-University Division, Hardin-Simmons, Montana State, Muhlenberg, moved to College Division

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "1946 -- Major College Football Schedule". Lincoln Sunday Journal and Star. AP Newsfeatures. September 8, 1946. p. 3B – via Newspapers.com.
  2. ^ "1947 Major College Football Schedule". The Akron Beacon Journal. AP Newsfeatures. September 7, 1947. p. 5C – via Newspapers.com.
  3. ^ "Grizzly Passer Is Rated Fourth". The Spokesman-Review. November 22, 1947. p. 10 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ "Statistics Show Kicking Class Of Rivals In Delta Bowl Game". The Commercial Appeal. December 16, 1947.
  5. ^ "Texas Ranks 5th In Nation in Punting". The Austin American. December 16, 1947. p. 16 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ "Duke, State Take Firsts: Team Averages Are Released". Durham Morning Herald. December 18, 1947. p. II-3 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ "1948 Major College Football Schedule". The Macon Telegraph and News. AP Newsfeatures. August 29, 1948. p. 25 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ^ "Nevada Best Ground Gainer". Tampa Bay Times. October 7, 1948. p. 20 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ "Dooherty Sixth Returning Punts". The News Journal. Associated Press. December 16, 1948. p. 52 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ https://www.newspapers.com/article/rocky-mount-telegram-1949-major-college/146754996/
  11. ^ https://www.newspapers.com/article/san-angelo-evening-standard-1950-major-c/146755753/
  12. ^ https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-press-democrat-1951-major-college-fo/146756207/
  13. ^ https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-spokesman-review-1952-major-college/146757342/
  14. ^ https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-knoxville-news-sentinel-1953-major-c/146757843/
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Army, Navy Rank 1-2 in Grid Offense". Tulsa World. November 17, 1954 – via Newspapers.com.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs "1954 Football Schedules Of The Major College Teams". Ashville Citizen-Times. September 5, 1954. p. 32 – via Newspapers.com.
  17. ^ https://www.newspapers.com/article/pittsburgh-sun-telegraph-major-college-f/146758122/
  18. ^ Official Collegiate Football Record Book. NCAA. 1963. pp. 93–124.