Yiannis Avranas
Yiannis Avranas | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1940 (age 83–84) |
| Nationality | Greek |
| Occupation | Ship Captain |
| Employer | Epirotiki Lines |
| Known for | Captain of Oceanos |
| Spouse | Davina Avrana (also spelled Devina) |
Yiannis Avranas (born ca. 1940)[1] is a Greek former sea captain who commanded the cruise ship Oceanos when she sank off the Wild Coast of the Transkei, South Africa, on Sunday, August 4, 1991.
In 1994, Avranas' British wife Davina published a book about the sinking, titled "The Oceanos Tragedy".[2]
Background
At the time of the accident, Avranas had been an officer for 20 years and a seamen for 30,[1] he had also married the British Davina Avrana.[3]
Oceanos sinking
On 3 August 1991, the Oceanos set out from East London, South Africa and headed to Durban. She headed into 40-knot winds and 9 m (30 ft) swells.[4]
The storm worsened, and at approximately 21:30 UTC+2, while off the Wild Coast of the Transkei, a muffled explosion was heard. The Oceanos lost her power following a leak in the engine room's sea chest. The chief engineer reported to Captain Yiannis Avranas that water was entering the hull and flooding the generator room.[5] The generators were shut down because the rising water would have short circuited them. The ship was left adrift.
Realising the fate of the ship, the crew reportedly fled in panic, neglecting the standard procedure of closing the lower deck portholes. No alarm was raised. Passengers remained ignorant of the events taking place until they witnessed the first signs of flooding in the lower decks. At this stage, eyewitness accounts reveal that many of the crew, including Captain Avranas, were already packed and ready to depart.[6]
While Avranas was offboard, entertainer Moss Hills then used the radio phone to broadcast a mayday until a ship answered[7] and the South African Navy, along with the South African Air Force, launched a mission to airlift the passengers and crew to the nearby settlements of The Haven and Hole in the Wall (32°2′0″S 29°6′36″E / 32.03333°S 29.11000°E), about 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Coffee Bay.
Moss Hills organized the orderly evacuation of passengers by the helicopters. Hills and fellow entertainer Julian Butler[8] directed the efforts of the entertainment staff - including Robin Boltman - to assist the passengers. According to Boltman, "later in the morning, Captain Avarnasi (sic.) even contacted me from shore to ask how things were going."[9] They were among the last to be rescued.[10][failed verification]
Position of Avranas
Avranas claimed that he left the ship first in order to arrange for a rescue effort,[11] and then supervised it from a helicopter.
According to the International Herald Tribune, "Avranas said he had known when he left the ship that there were 170 passengers and crew still aboard [but this was] the only way [to] ensure the safety of all those aboard",[1] furthermore "after checking the situation from the shore, he said, he flew back to the ship on a helicopter, intending to go back on board. But the weather was so bad that the helicopter crew advised against boarding".[1]
Avranas was quoted in the New York Times as saying, "When I give the order abandon ship, it doesn't matter what time I leave. If some people want to stay, they can stay." [12]
Position of Epirotiki Lines
Captain A. Klaudatos, head of Epirotiki Lines, was quoted in The Star as saying: "Of course the crew memebers assigned to the boats have to enter first in order to assist the embarkation of the passangers", "as regards the captain abandoning the vessel, this is untrue and he has maintained his position throghout in assisting the rescue in the most effective way".[9]
Legal proceedings
A Greek board of inquiry found Avranas and four officers negligent in their handling of the disaster.[13]
Treatment in media
Prior to the event from January 4, 1991, Avranas had apparently given no interview to the media. After the event, Avranas received extensive media coverage being often vilified and used as an example of wrong professional behaviour while in command.[9][11][14][15] Avranas emergency management has been widely cited again after Costa Concordia disaster in 2012.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Barry James, A Captain's Tale: 'The Rescue Was Perfect - Everybody Is Safe', International Herald Tribune, 8 August 1991
- ^ Davina Avrana, The Oceanos Tragedy, Dorrance Pub Co, 1994. ISBN 978-0805934298
- ^ Desert News, OCEANOS CAPTAIN INSISTED ON EARLY RESCUE, DIVER SAYS, 7 August 1991
- ^ Van Rensburg, Philip G. (5 March 2004). "Diving the Oceanos – Part I". DeeperBlue.
- ^ "Disasters at Sea: MTS Oceanos". All at Sea Network. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
- ^ Chua-Eoan, Howard (19 August 1991). "Disasters: Going, Going..." Time Magazine. (subscription required)
- ^ "Shockwave: Episode Info". MSN. Retrieved 10 May 2013.[failed verification]
- ^ "Cruise ship sinking". YouTube. 6 July 2006.
- ^ a b c The Star, "Crew abandoned us", 5 August 1991
- ^ Hills, Moss; Hills, Tracy. "Oceanos Cruise Ship Sinking". Retrieved 10 May 2013.
- ^ a b Jerelyn Eddings, South Africa probes cause of luxury liner's sinking, Baltimore Sun, 6 August 1991
- ^ CBS News, Cruise captain sparks outrage among mariners, 19 January 2012
- ^ Ritter, Karl (19 January 2012). "Costa Concordia Tragedy: Capt. Francesco Schettino Sparks Outrage". Huffington Post.
- ^ Craig Allen, The Captain's Duty on a Sinking Ship, Professional Mariner, 17 January 2012
- ^ BBC, Must a captain be the last one off a sinking ship?, 18 January 2012
External links
- Career Overboard?, New York Times, 11 August 1991
- Barry James, A Captain's Tale: 'The Rescue Was Perfect - Everybody Is Safe', International Herald Tribune, 8 August 1991
- Broadcast report on sinking, including interviews