Battle of Castricum

Battle of Castricum
Part of the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland
The Battle of Castricum, by Charles Rochussen
Date 6 October 1799 Location Castricum, Batavian Republic 52.5500°N 4.6667°E / 52.5500; 4.6667 Result Franco-Batavian victory
Belligerents
French Republic Batavian Republic	Great Britain Russian Empire
Commanders and leaders
Guillaume Brune Herman Willem Daendels	Duke of York Ralph Abercromby Magnus von Essen Prince of Orange
Strength
25,700	26,400
Casualties and losses
1,382 killed, wounded or captured	2,536 killed, wounded or captured 11 guns lost
class=notpageimage| Location within Europe

The Battle of Castricum (October 6, 1799) saw a Franco-Dutch force defeat an Anglo-Russian force near Castricum, Netherlands. The battle was fought during the War of the Second Coalition against Revolutionary France between French and Dutch forces under the command of General Guillaume Brune and Herman Willem Daendels and British and Russian forces under the command of the Duke of York, Sir Ralph Abercromby and the Prince of Orange.

Background

Main article: Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland

An Anglo-Russian force of 32,000 men landed in North Holland on August 27, 1799, captured the Dutch fleet at Den Helder on August 30 and the city of Alkmaar on October 3. Following a series of battles at Bergen on September 19 and Alkmaar on October 2 (also known as 2nd Bergen), they faced the French and Dutch armies at Castricum on October 6.

Action

Anno 1799, the Battle of Castricum, by Jan Antoon Neuhuys

The town of Castricum passed from Batavian-French to British-Russian hands repeatedly several times until the latter finally fled, losing 2536 men and 11 guns; the Batavian-French losses stood at 1382. The defeat persuaded the Duke that his position was untenable. After a chaotic retreat, the parties signed the Convention of Alkmaar on October 10.

Aftermath

Further information: Convention of Alkmaar

The British and Russians were allowed to withdraw, without paying reparations, and retaining captured bounty. As a sign of gratitude for enabling him honourably to emerge from the inglorious Dutch imbroglio, Brune received a number of horses from the Duke. By 19 November all the British and Russian troops had been embarked and the expedition was over. In the years following the 1799 invasion, defensive lines were constructed in Holland to protect Amsterdam from future invasions from the north.

Commemoration

In the Huis met de Kogel (House with the Cannonball) in Alkmaar, a cannonball that got stuck in the wall during the battle can still be seen. A plaque beneath the cannonball commemorates the battle. Various locality names in Castricum also provide a reminder of the battle, like the Russenbergen dunes and the Doodelaan street. The Russisch Monument in Bergen marks the fighting there. The French victory was also commemorated on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris as "Alkmaer".

External links

• Anglo-Russian invasion of North Holland (1799)
• Noord-Holland 1799 (in Dutch)
• De Engels-Russische inval Archived 2020-03-15 at the Wayback Machine (in Dutch)

Preceded by Battle of Alkmaar (1799)

French Revolution: Revolutionary campaigns Battle of Castricum

Succeeded by Battle of Genola