George Salting

George Salting
George Salting
	George Salting
Born	15 August 1835; Sydney
Died	12 December 1909 (aged 74); London, England
Resting place	Brompton Cemetery
Occupation	Art collector

George Salting (15 August 1835 – 12 December 1909) was an Colony of New South Wales-born British art collector. He had inherited considerable wealth from his father; Salting collected paintings, Chinese porcelains, furniture, and many other categories of art and decorative items. He left his paintings to the National Gallery, London, prints and drawings to the British Museum, and the remainder to the Victoria & Albert Museum, requesting that the collection be displayed intact rather than divided among the museum's departments.

Early life

Salting was born in Sydney, the son of Severin Kanute (Knud) Salting (1806–1865),^[1] a Dane who had extensive business interests in New South Wales. In 1858 he made a gift of £500 to the University of Sydney to found scholarships to be awarded to students from Sydney Grammar School.^[2] George Salting's mother was Louisa Augusta, née Fiellerup.^[3]

George Salting was educated locally and then moved with his family to England and studied at Eton College.^[3] In 1853 the family returned to New South Wales, and Salting entered the newly founded University of Sydney.^[3] There he won prizes for compositions in Latin hexameters in 1855 and 1857, in Latin elegiacs in 1856, 1857 and 1858, and for Latin essays in 1854 and 1856. Salting graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1857. In 1858 the Salting family again travelled to England; Louisa Salting died there on 24 July 1858. Severin Salting settled in Kent, where he died in 1865.^[3] Severin Salting made a large fortune in sheep-farming and sugar-growing which he bequeathed to his son; George Salting inherited a fortune estimated at £30,000 a year.^[2]

Career

Largely influenced by the connoisseur Louis Huth, Salting began collecting Chinese porcelain, developing a fine discriminating taste for it. His collection gradually extended and included English furniture, bronzes, majolica, glass, hard stones, manuscripts, miniatures, pictures, carpets, and other items which might be found in a good museum.^[2]

Salting was a careful buyer, as a rule dealing only with two or three dealers whom he felt he could trust, though he sometimes bought at auction. He often obtained expert advice and his own knowledge was always growing. As a consequence he made few mistakes, and these were usually corrected by the pieces being exchanged for better specimens. Salting lived modestly mostly in London, occupying just two living rooms.^[5] Except for an occasional few days shooting, he made collecting, and its associated research and study, his occupation.^[2]

Later life

Salting never married and he did not give largely to charities. In spite of his large expenditure on collecting, his fortune increased during his lifetime.

Salting died in London and is buried in Brompton Cemetery.^[2] His will was sworn at over £1,300,000. Of this he bequeathed £10,000 to London hospitals, £2000 to the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital at Sydney, and £30,000 to relatives and others. The residue of his estate went to the heirs of his brother, who predeceased him.^[2]

Legacy

Salting left his entire collection of paintings, Oriental china, bronzes, and miniatures, valued at from $5,000,000 to $20,000,000, to British museums.^[5] He bequeathed his paintings to the National Gallery, London, and his prints and drawings to the British Museum as the respective trustees might select. The remainder of his art collection went to the Victoria and Albert Museum, with a proviso that it was to be kept together and not distributed over the various departments. It is a notable collection to have been put together by one person, the standard being extraordinarily high. The Chinese pottery and porcelain belonged mostly to the later dynasties, but much of the work of the great Tang period was practically unobtainable when Salting was collecting. It was suggested at the time of his death that as his wealth had been drawn from Australia, some of his collection should be donated to the Australian galleries. Nothing came of this; probably the legal difficulties were impassable.^[2]

John D. Beazley named after an attic red-figure vase formerly owned by George Salting today in the Victoria and Albert Museum, Salting Painter.^[6]

Collection

He gave three paintings to the National Gallery during his life, and bequeathed an additional 192 in his will. Of those 31 have since been transferred to the Tate Gallery.^[7] His collection of paintings included:

Dieric Bouts, Virgin and Child
Robert Campin (follower), The Virgin and Child before a Firescreen
Canaletto, Venice: The Piazza San Marco from Two Views of Piazza San Marco
Petrus Christus, Portrait of a Young Man
Cima da Conegliano, David and Jonathan (?) and The Virgin and Child
Joos van Cleve, The Holy Family
John Constable, Salisbury Cathedral and Leadenhall from the River Avon and Weymouth Bay: Bowleaze Cove and Jordon Hill
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, A Wagon in the Plains of Artois, The Wood Gatherer, The Leaning Tree Trunk, Evening on the Lake, Cows in a Marshy Landscape, Souvenir of a Journey to Coubron, and A Flood
Charles-François Daubigny, River Scene with Ducks, The Garden Wall, Willows and Alders
Gaspard Dughet, Landscape with a Cowherd
Domenico Ghirlandaio, Portrait of a Young Man in Red
Jan van Goyen, A Windmill by a River, A River Scene, with Fishermen laying a Net and A Scene on the Ice
Frans Hals, Portrait of a Woman with a Fan and Portrait of a Man holding Gloves
Meindert Hobbema, Cottages in a Wood and A Road winding past Cottages
Hans Memling, A Young Man at Prayer
Gabriël Metsu, The Interior of a Smithy and An Old Woman with a Book
Jean-François Millet, The Whisper
Adriaen van Ostade, A Peasant holding a Jug and a Pipe, A Peasant courting an Elderly Woman and 'The Interior of an Inn
Sebastiano del Piombo, The Daughter of Herodias
Paulus Potter, Cattle and Sheep in a Stormy Landscape
Francesco Raibolini, Bartolomeo Bianchini
Théodore Rousseau, Sunset in the Auvergne
Peter Paul Rubens, Aurora abducting Cephalus
Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruisdael, A Cottage and a Hayrick by a River, A Rocky Hill with Three Cottages, a Stream at its Foot, Vessels in a Fresh Breeze, A Road leading into a Wood, A Ruined Castle Gateway and An Extensive Landscape with Ruins
Luca Signorelli, The Holy Family
Jan Steen, Peasants merry-making outside an Inn, A Man blowing Smoke at a Drunken Woman, An Interior with a Man offering an Oyster to a Woman, Skittle Players outside an Inn, A Peasant Family at Meal-time ('Grace before Meat') and A Pedlar selling Spectacles outside a Cottage
Johannes Vermeer, Lady Seated at a Virginal
Andrea del Verrocchio, The Virgin and Child with Two Angels

Some of the artifacts bequeathed by Salting, now in the Vicotria and Albert Museum, London

Wine pot in the shape of Shou character. Qing dynasty, Kangxi reign period, 1680–1720 CE. Porcelain painted in underglaze cobalt blue and overglaze colored enamels. From Jingdezhen, China
Lidded ewer. Wine pot with floral design; the body decorated with the "Eight Auspicious Symbols" amidst scrolling flowers. Cloisonne enamel on copper. Ming dynasty, 1550–1600 CE. From China
Teapot. Porcelain painted in colored enamels. Qing dynasty, Kangxi reign period, 1680–1720 CE. From China, Jingdezhen